Effect of VAChT reduction on lung alterations induced by exposure to iron particles in an asthma model.

Introduction: Pollution harms the health of people with asthma. The effect of the anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway in chronic allergic inflammation associated to pollution is poorly understood.

Methods: One hundred eight animals were divided into 18 groups (6 animals).

Correlation between disinfection efficacy and cumulative amount of free chlorine reaching various positions during ultrasonic fogging with hypochlorite solution.

When a hypochlorite solution is ultrasonically fogged in a room, free chlorine, i.e., HOCl and OCl, reaches various positions in two forms: fine fog droplets and gaseous hypochlorous acid（HOCl）.

Effects of plant protease inhibitors (Pep-3-EcTI, Pep-BbKI, and Pep-BrTI) versus corticosteroids on inflammation, remodeling, and oxidative stress in an asthma-COPD (ACO) model.

The peptide derived from trypsin inhibitor (Pep-3-EcTI), peptide derived from kallikrein inhibitor isolated from (Pep-BbKI), and peptide modified from (Pep-BrTI) peptides exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, suggesting their potential for treating asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO). We compared the effects of these peptides with dexamethasone (DX) treatment in an ACO model. In this study, 11 groups of male BALB/c mice were pre-treated under different conditions, including sensitization with intraperitoneal injection and inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA), intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (ELA), sensitization with intraperitoneal injection, and various combinations of peptide treatments with Pep-3-EcTI, Pep-BbKI, Pep-BrTI, dexamethasone, and non-treated controls (SAL-saline).

Effects of environmental exposure to iron powder on healthy and elastase-exposed mice.

Prolonged exposure to iron powder and other mineral dusts can threaten the health of individuals, especially those with COPD. The goal of this study was to determine how environmental exposure to metal dust from two different mining centers in Brazil affects lung mechanics, inflammation, remodeling and oxidative stress responses in healthy and elastase-exposed mice. This study divided 72 male C57Bl/6 mice into two groups, the summer group and the winter group.

Inhalation of gaseous hypochlorous acid and its effect on human respiratory epithelial cells in laboratory model systems.

During the disinfection of indoor spaces using gaseous hypochlorous acid (HOCl), inhalation is the most common route of exposure for humans. In this study, an artificial human respiratory tract model was exposed to 12-140 ppb HOCl at an aspiration flow rate of 800 mL/s for 15 h in a 1 m chamber. The respiratory tract model was equipped with 5th order bronchi and all gas-contact parts were made of silicone rubber with no other chlorine-consuming substances.

Uses of gaseous hypochlorous acid for controlling microorganisms in indoor spaces.

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an active species in the chlorination process. Hypochlorite salts that release hypochlorite ion (OCl) have been used for more than 200 years as disinfecting, cleaning, deodorizing, and decolorizing agents in various technological fields. In the food industry, sodium hypochlorite is the most widely used among chlorine compounds.

Alpha-7 Nicotinic Receptor Agonist Protects Mice Against Pulmonary Emphysema Induced by Elastase.

Pulmonary emphysema is a primary component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a life-threatening disorder characterized by lung inflammation and restricted airflow, primarily resulting from the destruction of small airways and alveolar walls. Cumulative evidence suggests that nicotinic receptors, especially the α7 subtype (α7nAChR), is required for anti-inflammatory cholinergic responses. We postulated that the stimulation of α7nAChR could offer therapeutic benefits in the context of pulmonary emphysema.

Modulating asthma-COPD overlap responses with IL-17 inhibition.

Background: IL-17 is a modulator of the inflammatory response and is implicated in lung remodeling in both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Well as and probably in patients with asthma-COPD overlap (ACO).

Methods: In this study, we evaluated the response of the airways and alveolar septa to anti-IL-17 treatment in an ACO model.

Efficacy of sodium chlorite in inactivating Vibrio parahaemolyticus attached to polyethylene terephthalate surfaces.

The inactivation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus cells attached to a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) disc in a sodium chlorite (NaClO) solution was kinetically studied in a weakly acidic pH range of 4.0 - 6.5.

Investigating the Effects of a New Peptide, Derived from the Proteinase Inhibitor (EcTI), on Inflammation, Remodeling, and Oxidative Stress in an Experimental Mouse Model of Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap (ACO).

The synthesized peptide derived from (pep3-EcTI) has been associated with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and it may be a potential new treatment for asthma-COPD overlap-ACO). Purpose: To investigate the primary sequence effects of pep3-EcTI in an experimental ACO. BALB/c mice were divided into eight groups: SAL (saline), OVA (ovalbumin), ELA (elastase), ACO (ovalbumin + elastase), ACO-pep3-EcTI (treated with inhibitor), ACO-DX (treated with dexamethasone), ACO-DX-pep3-EcTI (treated with dexamethasone and inhibitor), and SAL-pep3-EcTI (saline group treated with inhibitor).

Effects of a Peptide Derived from the Primary Sequence of a Kallikrein Inhibitor Isolated from (pep-BbKI) in an Asthma-COPD Overlap (ACO) Model.

(1) There are several patients with asthma-COPD overlap (ACO). A peptide derived from the primary sequence of a kallikrein inhibitor isolated from (pep-BbKI) has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Purpose: To investigate the effects of pep-BbKI treatment in an ACO model and compare them with those of corticosteroids.

Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Has Superior Antibacterial Effect Than Titanium Alloy: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Study Design: In vitro and in vivo laboratory studies.

Objective: This study aimed to compare bacterial survival on titanium alloy (Ti) and cobalt-chromium alloy (CC) using in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Summary Of Background Data: Spinal implants are frequently manufactured from Ti and CC.

Effect of anti-IL17 and/or Rho-kinase inhibitor treatments on vascular remodeling induced by chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation.

Background And Aims: Expansion and morphological dysregulation of the bronchial vascular network occurs in asthmatic airways. Interleukin (IL) -17 and Rho-kinase (ROCK) are known to act in inflammation control and remodeling. Modulation of Rho-kinase proteins and IL-17 may be a promising approach for the treatment of asthma through the control of angiogenesis.

Preventive and therapeutic effect of anti-IL-17 in an experimental model of elastase-induced lung injury in C57Bl6 mice.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important health care issue, and IL-17 can modulate inflammatory responses. We evaluated preventive and therapeutic effect of anti-interleukin (IL)-17 in a model of lung injury induced by elastase, using 32 male C57Bl6 mice, divided into 4 groups: SAL, ELASTASE CONTROL (EC), ELASTASE + PREVENTIVE ANTI-IL-17 (EP), and ELASTASE + THERAPEUTIC ANTI-IL-17 (ET). On the 29th day, animals were anesthetized with thiopental, tracheotomized, and placed on a ventilator to evaluate lung mechanical, exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), and total cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected.

Bronchial Vascular Remodeling Is Attenuated by Anti-IL-17 in Asthmatic Responses Exacerbated by LPS.

Introduction: Although the major alterations associated with asthma are related to the airways, there is also evidence of the importance of peribronchial vascular inflammation and remodeling in its pathophysiology.

Objectives: To determine the effects of anti-IL-17 therapy on peribronchial vessels of an asthma model exacerbated by lipopolysaccharide.

Methods: We evaluated several factors, including lung function, inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular remodeling, and signaling pathways present in the peribronchial vessels of 66 male BALB/c mice exposed to ovalbumin and treated (or not) treated with anti-IL-17.

Microbial community analysis in the gills of abalones suggested possible dominance of epsilonproteobacterium in .

Gills are important organs for aquatic invertebrates because they harbor chemosynthetic bacteria, which fix inorganic carbon and/or nitrogen and provide their hosts with organic compounds. Nevertheless, in contrast to the intensive researches related to the gut microbiota, much is still needed to further understand the microbiota within the gills of invertebrates. Using abalones as a model, we investigated the community structure of microbes associated with the gills of these invertebrates using next-generation sequencing.

ATP effects on response of human erythrocyte membrane to high pressure.

Phosphorylation of membrane proteins in human erythrocytes is mediated by intracellular ATP levels. Such phosphorylation modulates the interactions of the bilayer with the cytoskeleton and affects the membrane stability under high pressure. In erythrocytes with high intracellular ATP levels, the bilayer-cytoskeleton interaction was weakened.

Bridge-Length-Dependent Intramolecular Charge Transfer in Bis(dianisylamino)-Terminated Oligo(p-phenylene)s.

Radical cations of bis(dianisylamino)-terminated oligo(p-phenylene)s (OPPs) with up to five phenyl moieties were characterized by means of UV/Vis-NIR and variable-temperature ESR spectroscopy to investigate the bridge-length-dependence on intramolecular charge/spin self-exchange between two nitrogen redox-active centers. Additionally, a comparative study between bis(dianisylamine)-based mixed-valence (MV) radical cations connected by p-terphenylene and hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) π-bridging units also provided information on the influence of extended π-conjugation over the OPP-bridge due to the planarization between adjacent phenylene units on the strength of electronic coupling. The present study on a homologous series of organic MV systems clarifies the attenuation factor through the OPP-bridge and the linear relationship between the electrochemical potential splitting and the electronic coupling in the region of intermediate-to-weak electronic coupling regime.

Diversity, enumeration, and isolation of Arcobacter spp. in the giant abalone, Haliotis gigantea.

Arcobacter have been frequently detected in and isolated from bivalves, but there is very little information on the genus Arcobacter in the abalone, an important fishery resource. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and abundance of bacteria from the genus Arcobacter in the Japanese giant abalone, Haliotis gigantea, using molecular methods such as Arcobacter-specific clone libraries and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Furthermore, we attempted to isolate the Arcobacter species detected.

Protective Effects of Anti-IL17 on Acute Lung Injury Induced by LPS in Mice.

T helper 17 (Th17) has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory lung and immune system diseases. However, little is known about the expression and biological role of IL-17 in acute lung injury (ALI). We investigated the mechanisms involved in the effect of anti-IL17 in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice.

Effect of Anti-IL17 Antibody Treatment Alone and in Combination With Rho-Kinase Inhibitor in a Murine Model of Asthma.

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and Rho-kinase (ROCK) play an important role in regulating the expression of inflammatory mediators, immune cell recruitment, hyper-responsiveness, tissue remodeling, and oxidative stress. Modulation of IL-17 and ROCK proteins may represent a promising approach for the treatment of this disease. To study the effects of an anti-IL17 neutralizing antibody and ROCK inhibitor treatments, separately and in combination, in a murine model of chronic allergy-induced lung inflammation.

Effects of Anti-IL-17 on Inflammation, Remodeling, and Oxidative Stress in an Experimental Model of Asthma Exacerbated by LPS.

Inflammation plays a central role in the development of asthma, which is considered an allergic disease with a classic Th2 inflammatory profile. However, cytokine IL-17 has been examined to better understand the pathophysiology of this disease. Severe asthmatic patients experience frequent exacerbations, leading to infection, and subsequently show altered levels of inflammation that are unlikely to be due to the Th2 immune response alone.