Oxygen delivery using neonatal self-inflating bags without reservoirs.

Background: Guidelines recommend avoiding excessive oxygen during neonatal resuscitation. Recent studies have suggested that oxygen titration can be achieved using a self-inflating bag, but data on the effectiveness of resuscitators used in neonatal ventilation are scarce, The aim of this study was therefore to determine the amount of oxygen delivered using several brands of neonatal self-inflating resuscitation bags without reservoirs under different conditions with regard to oxygen flow rate, ventilation rate (VR), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) range, and test lung compliance.

Methods: Oxygen concentration was measured under a variety of conditions.

Significance of adrenal computed tomography in predicting laterality and indicating adrenal vein sampling in primary aldosteronism.

Although laterality assessed by computed tomography (CT) in primary aldosteronism (PA) is not always concordant with that assessed by adrenal vein sampling (AVS), it is unclear whether all patients diagnosed with PA should undergo AVS for subtype classification. The aim of the current study was to investigate the accuracy of CT in subtype classification and to develop a prediction score for bilateral subtype in patients without adrenal tumour. As part of the WAVES-J study, 393 patients with PA were analysed.

Pancreatic Fibroblasts Stimulate the Motility of Pancreatic Cancer Cells through IGF1/IGF1R Signaling under Hypoxia.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by its hypovascularity, with an extremely poor prognosis because of its highly invasive nature. PDAC proliferates with abundant stromal cells, suggesting that its invasive activity might be controlled by intercellular interactions between cancer cells and fibroblasts. Using four PDAC cell lines and two pancreas cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) and IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) was evaluated by RT-PCR, FACScan, western blot, or ELISA.

Functional Outcomes of Decompressive Craniectomy in Patients with Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction and Their Association with Preoperative Thalamus Deformation: An Analysis of 12 Patients.

Objective Decompressive craniectomy (DC) in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction is known to decrease the mortality rate. However, the functional outcomes (communication and oral intake) of this procedure remain unclear. Most patients with malignant MCA infarction exhibit a loss of consciousness, which may be principally governed by the thalamus.

A Gene Cluster for Biosynthesis of Mannosylerythritol Lipids Consisted of 4-O-β-D-Mannopyranosyl-(2R,3S)-Erythritol as the Sugar Moiety in a Basidiomycetous Yeast Pseudozyma tsukubaensis.

Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) belong to the glycolipid biosurfactants and are produced by various fungi. The basidiomycetous yeast Pseudozyma tsukubaensis produces diastereomer type of MEL-B, which contains 4-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(2R,3S)-erythritol (R-form) as the sugar moiety. In this respect it differs from conventional type of MELs, which contain 4-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(2S,3R)-erythritol (S-form) as the sugar moiety.

[Economic Loss of Remaining Contents in Molecular Target Drug Preparation and the Simulation for Cost Saving].

While preparing an anticancer drug, even if it is an expensive molecular target drug, the remainder is not divided and saved for use in other patients; instead, it is discarded, resulting in waste of medical resources. In this study, we examined the economic loss in terms of medical costs by calculating the discarded amounts of 12 commonly used molecular target drugs at Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Japan between January 2012 and December 2014. We found, on average, that drugs valued at ¥ 52,593,182 were discarded annually.

The feeding habit of sea turtles influences their reaction to artificial marine debris.

Ingestion of artificial debris is considered as a significant stress for wildlife including sea turtles. To investigate how turtles react to artificial debris under natural conditions, we deployed animal-borne video cameras on loggerhead and green turtles in addition to feces and gut contents analyses from 2007 to 2015. Frequency of occurrences of artificial debris in feces and gut contents collected from loggerhead turtles were 35.

[Suggesting the Significance of Pericardial Fat Pad in Bronchial Stump Fistula].

Bronchial stump fistula is a post-operative complication with poor outcome after pulmonary lobectomy. In order to prevent this complication, the bronchial stump is covered with pericardial fat tissue in our hospital. The case was 58 year old male who received adjuvant chemotherapy after sigmoidectomy for sigmoid colon cancer.

Bilateral aldosterone suppression and its resolution in adrenal vein sampling of patients with primary aldosteronism: analysis of data from the WAVES-J study.

Context: In adrenal vein sampling (AVS) for patients with primary aldosteronism, the contralateral ratio of aldosterone/cortisol (A/C) between the nondominant adrenal vein and the inferior vena cava is one of the best criteria for determining lateralized aldosterone secretion. Despite successful cannulation in some patients, the A/C ratios in the adrenal veins are bilaterally lower than that in the inferior vena cava (bilateral aldosterone suppression; BAS).

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of BAS in AVS and how to resolve this condition.

Stomach arteriovenous malformation resected by laparoscopy-assisted surgery: A case report.

Arteriovenous malformations of the stomach are an uncommon cause of upper GI bleeding. We report a case of stomach arteriovenous malformation in an 85-year-old Asian man who presented with massive hematemesis. Initial esophagogastroduodenoscopy did not detect this lesion, but contrast multi-detector CT confirmed GI bleeding.

Intractable Neurosarcoidosis Effectively Treated with Infliximab.

We herein describe the case of an 18-year-old girl who presented with dizziness and headache in 2012. In 2013, brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple intracerebral small lesions and intracerebral hydrocephalus. She was diagnosed with neurosarcoidosis following a brain biopsy.

[Measures to Ensure Ongoing Medical Laboratory Support of the Emergency Department].

Following the accreditation of this hospital as an Emergency and Critical Care Center and the subsequent establishment of an emergency intensive care unit in April 2013, walk-in patients of the Emergency Department now total over 60,000 annually, with 10,000 arriving by ambulance. Out-of-hours medical laboratory services in this hospital commenced in 1972, providing services including blood analysis and blood product provision. Since the establishment of the Emergency and Critical Care Center, an increase in the number of severe cases has also led to an increase in blood transfusions, requiring a specialized response from the Medical Laboratory.

Adrenal Venous Sampling in Patients With Positive Screening but Negative Confirmatory Testing for Primary Aldosteronism.

Adrenal venous sampling is considered to be the most reliable diagnostic procedure to lateralize aldosterone excess in primary aldosteronism (PA). However, normative criteria have not been established partially because of a lack of data in non-PA hypertensive patients. The aim of the study was to investigate aldosterone concentration and its gradient in the adrenal vein of non-PA hypertensive patients.

Synthesis and Characterization of Dioctanoyl Glycerate as Water-soluble Trypsin Inhibitor.

Glyceric acids (GAs) esterified with long acyl chains (> C16) exhibit antitrypsin activity (Folia Microbiol. 46, 21-23 (2001)). However, their hydrophobic nature, derived from the long acyl chains, has limited the number of studies on their physical and biological properties.

Clinicopathological Correlations of Autophagy-related Proteins LC3, Beclin 1 and p62 in Gastric Cancer.

Aim: This study evaluated the clinicopathological significance of autophagy, an intracellular degradation system, in gastric cancer.

Materials And Methods: The expression levels of three autophagy-related proteins, namely light chain 3 (LC3), Beclin 1 and p62, were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using samples from 510 patients with primary gastric cancer.

Results: LC3, Beclin 1, and p62 expression was positive in 79 (15.

Control of enzymatic degradation of biodegradable polymers by treatment with biosurfactants, mannosylerythritol lipids, derived from Pseudozyma spp. yeast strains.

Cutinase-like esterase from the yeasts Pseudozyma antarctica (PaE) shows strong degradation activity in an agricultural biodegradable plastic (BP) model of mulch films composed of poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA). P. antarctica is known to abundantly produce a glycolipid biosurfactant, mannosylerythritol lipid (MEL).

Diffuse-type gastric cancer cells switch their driver pathways from FGFR2 signaling to SDF1/CXCR4 axis in hypoxic tumor microenvironments.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been considered to play an important role for tumor progression of cancer. Solid tumors contain heterogeneous distribution of oxygen in their microenvironments. This study investigated the growth signaling of gastric cancer (GC) cells in focus on the interaction with CAFs and GC cells under normoxia and hypoxia.

Platelet-endothelial cell interaction in brain microvessels of angiotensin II type-2 receptor knockout mice following transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of platelets (rolling and adhesion) in cerebral microvessels of angiotensin II type-2 receptor-knockout (AT2RKO) mice after transient bilateral carotid artery occlusion using intravital fluorescence microscopy. Twenty AT2RKO mice, consisting of 11 mice in the sham group and 9 mice in the ischemia reperfusion group (reperfusion after 15 min of bilateral, total carotid artery occlusion) were used in this study. The hole traversed the bone and dura mater, but arachnoid, pia mater, and cerebral parenchyma were preserved.

A potential anti-allodynic mechanism of GDNF following L5 spinal nerve ligation; Mitigation of NPY up-regulation in the touch sense pathway.

Intrathecal delivery of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) reverses mechanical allodynia after 5th lumbar (L5) spinal nerve ligation (SNL). However, the molecular mechanism behind this process is not fully understood. Following sciatic nerve injury, primary afferent neurons in the injured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) begin to express neuropeptide Y (NPY) that is absent in normal DRG.

Bone marrow-derived stromal cells are associated with gastric cancer progression.

Background: The aim of this study was to clarify the role of bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BM-SCs) expressing CD271 in the development of gastric cancer.

Methods: The effect of human BM-SCs on the proliferation and motility of six gastric cancer cell lines, OCUM-2M, OCUM-2MD3, OCUM-12, KATO-III, NUGC-3, and MKN-74, was examined. CD271 expression levels in BM-SCs were analysed by flow cytometry.

Optimum position of left adrenal vein sampling for subtype diagnosis in primary aldosteronism.

Context: Although adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is the standard method for subtype diagnosis in primary aldosteronism (PA), protocol details including the sampling position in the adrenal vein are not standardized.

Objective: To establish the optimum sampling position in the left adrenal vein based on postoperative outcome in PA patients.

Design And Setting: Retrospective study in nine referral centres.