Prevalence and associated factors of low vigor in patients living with HIV and hemophilia in Japan: A cross-sectional observational study.

People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at high risk of mental health problems. However, little is known about this risk in HIV-infected patients with hemophilia (HPH) who contracted the virus through blood products. This cross-sectional, observational study assessed patients' mood states and the factors associated with them among Japanese HPH to evaluate the need for psychosocial support.

A multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and rehabilitation program for dysphagia in general hospitals.

Dysphagia is a common complication of various clinical conditions, with an increased incidence as age advances. Complications such as aspiration, malnutrition, and aspiration pneumonia caused by dysphagia significantly affect the overall treatment outcomes of patients. Scholars both domestically and internationally are increasingly focusing on early rehabilitation for dysphagia.

Return-to-play outcomes after full-endoscopic spine surgery under local anesthesia in professional baseball players: Comparison by timing of surgery.

Background: Full-endoscopic spine surgery via a transforaminal approach (TF-FESS) is minimally invasive and could help athletes quickly return to play. When treating professional athletes, we have to consider their season schedule. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of Japanese professional baseball players who underwent TF-FESS and examine how the timing of surgery influenced their postoperative course.

Biomechanical Effects of Thoracic Flexibility and Stiffness on Lumbar Spine Loading: A Finite Element Analysis Study.

Objective: To determine the effects of thoracic stiffness on mechanical stress in the lumbar spine during motion.

Methods: To evaluate the effect of preoperative thoracic flexibility, stiff and flexible spine models were created by changing the material properties of ligaments and discs in the thoracic spine. Total laminectomy was performed at L4/5 in stiff and flexible models.

Advantages of Full-endoscopic Trans-Kambin's Triangle Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: Illustrative Cases.

Various approaches to lumbar interbody fusion have been described. The usefulness of full-endoscopic trans-Kambin's triangle lumbar interbody fusion has recently been reported. This technique has several advantages in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis, including the ability to improve symptoms without decompression surgery.

Transforaminal Full-endoscopic Discectomy for Gas-containing Herniated Nucleus Pulposus at L5-S1 Under Local Anesthesia : A Case Report.

The vacuum phenomenon is often observed in degenerative disc disease, whereas gas-containing disc herniation is relatively rare. Full-endoscopic discectomy at the lumbar spine level via a transforaminal approach, which was established and subsequently refined over the last two decades, requires only an 8-mm skin incision and causes minimal damage to the paravertebral muscles. Foraminoplasty, performed with a high-speed drill, is a useful technique to enlarge the foramen, especially when applied at the L5-S1 level, where the trajectory is limited because of anatomical structures such as the iliac crest.

A Technical Pitfall of Decompression with Direct Repair of a Ragged Edge Using the Smiley-Face Rod Method : A Case Report.

The smiley-face rod method has been reported to be a successful technique for reducing slippage and repairing pars defects in lumbar spondylolisthesis. However, we encountered a patient who developed right L5 radiculopathy with muscle weakness after use of the smiley-face rod method. The patient was a 19-year-old female judo player who had undergone direct repair surgery using the smiley-face rod method for terminal-stage lumbar spondylolysis.

Potential of Rice-Flour Jelly Made from High-Amylose Rice as a Dysphagia Diet: Evaluation of Pharyngeal Residue by FEES.

Dysphagia diets are recommended to prevent choking and aspiration in people with dysphagia; however, rice-porridge and mashed rice-porridge, which are used as staple foods for people with dysphagia in Japan, are time-consuming to prepare. The National Agriculture and Food Research Organization has found jelly-like food products made from high-amylose rice-flour (rice-flour jelly) to be easy to prepare with a texture suitable for dysphagia diets. To investigate the potential of rice-flour jelly for the dysphagia diet, we evaluated the amount of pharyngeal residue after swallowing rice-flour jelly using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and compared it with those of rice-porridge, mashed rice-porridge, and fruit jelly.

Benefits of physical therapy for people living with hemophilia.

This crossover study investigated effects of physical therapy (PT) on motor function in patients with hemophilia infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) due to treatment with non-heat-treated blood products. Patients were randomly divided into a PT-first group (PT once monthly for 6 months, then only home exercise (HE) for 6 months) and an HE-first group (HE for 6 months, then PT once monthly for 6 months). Carryover, period, and treatment effects were examined.

The Screening Test for Aphasia and Dysarthria (STAD) for Patients with Neurological Communicative Disorders: A Large-Scale, Multicenter Validation Study in Japan.

Introduction: Evaluation of multiple domains, such as language, articulation, and cognitive function, is frequently required in neurological communicative disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of a 10-min screening scale for estimating aphasia, dysarthria, and cognitive dysfunction using a multicenter, large-sized consecutive series.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter validation study that included 314 patients with brain injury between February 1 and June 31, 2018, from 20 medical centers across Japan.

Evaluation of a chest rehabilitation project in Nepal using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test.

[Purpose] The incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is rapidly increasing worldwide. In Nepal, it has the highest mortality rate among all noninfectious diseases. Since 2015, we have been involved in a project that aims to facilitate chest rehabilitation for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Nepal.

Outcomes After Intensive Rehabilitation for Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To examine the effects of intensive rehabilitation on mortality and liberation from mechanical ventilation among patients with mechanical ventilation in intensive care units.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database.

Setting: Patients discharged from acute care hospitals from April 2010 to March 2016.

Society of swallowing and dysphagia of Japan: Position statement on dysphagia management during the COVID-19 outbreak.

On April 14, the Society of Swallowing and Dysphagia of Japan (SSDJ) proposed its position statement on dysphagia treatment considering the ongoing spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The main routes of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 are physical contact with infected persons and exposure to respiratory droplets. In cases of infection, the nasal cavity and nasopharynx have the highest viral load in the body.

A nationwide survey regarding the life situations of patients with thalidomide embryopathy in Japan, 2018: First report.

Background: Clinical studies on the effects of thalidomide-induced damage on thalidomide victims as they age have only recently started to be conducted, but no studies have examined socioeconomic differences in terms of healthcare and social status between thalidomiders and the age-matched general population in Japan. Therefore, we carried out a nationwide survey focusing on the life situations of thalidomiders.

Method: Questionnaires were sent to 274 thalidomiders in Japan.

Association Between Early Rehabilitation and Mobility Status in Elderly Inpatients with Heart Failure: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: We set out to examine the effectiveness of early rehabilitation for maintaining mobility status during hospitalization in elderly patients with heart failure.

Methods: Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database, we retrospectively examined the eligibility of 527,440 consecutive patients aged ≥60 years who were diagnosed with heart failure with New York Heart Association class ≥ II at admission between July 2010 and March 2014. Of the 146,735 eligible subjects, 39,357 underwent early rehabilitation and 107,378 underwent non-early rehabilitation.

Study protocol for single-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial to clarify the preventive efficacy of electrical stimulation for muscle atrophy after trauma.

Background: Management of trauma involves long-term bed rest even when muscle strength in the lower extremities is preserved. Prolonged bed rest reduces muscle mass and causes muscle atrophy. A recent study reported the efficacy of rehabilitation using electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) for muscle strength maintenance in intensive care unit patients with disturbance of consciousness.

Development of a toileting performance assessment test for patients in the early stroke phase.

The study aimed to develop a toileting performance assessment test to measure the toileting performance ability of patients in the early phase after stroke. In this study, 214 stroke patients were enrolled. Cronbach's , Spearman's rank correlations ( values) with the toileting-related items of the functional independence measure and Barthel Index, interrater reliability (weighted ), and responsiveness (standardized response mean) were evaluated.