Drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on the isolation sites and types of gastrointestinal diseases: An observational study.

We investigated the drug resistance status of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) focusing on its isolation sites and types of diseases.　Materials and methods: A microbiological laboratory database was searched to identify all clinical cultures positive for P.

Relationship Between Fluid Administration During the First Three Hours of Sepsis Resuscitation and Mortality: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Background Timely and effective fluid resuscitation is vital for stabilizing sepsis while avoiding volume overload. We aimed to assess how the administration of a 30 mL/kg bolus fluid affects patients with sepsis within three hours of clinical outcomes. Methods This multicenter observational study included adult patients diagnosed with sepsis in 17 intensive care units at tertiary hospitals in Japan between July 2019 and August 2020.

Appendicitis after endoscopic band ligation for massive ileocecal hemorrhage.

A 68-year-old man was admitted with hematochezia. Emergency computed tomography showed multiple diverticula throughout the colon. Initial colonoscopy on day 2 showed no active bleeding, but massive hematochezia on day 3 led to the performance of an emergency endoscopy.

[Retracted] Predictors of efficacy of anamorelin in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer and cachexia: A retrospective study.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.

Predictors of efficacy of anamorelin in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer and cachexia: A retrospective study.

Anamorelin, a ghrelin receptor agonist, is approved in Japan for the treatment of cachexia in patients with lung and gastrointestinal cancer. However, there is limited research on the usefulness of anamorelin in clinical settings, therefore, the present study evaluated its efficacy using patient characteristics. A total of 40 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and cachexia who were prescribed anamorelin in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine (Aomori, Japan) between July 2021 and November 2022, were retrospectively assessed.

Effect of influenza vaccine subsidies for older adults on vaccination coverage and mortality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: an ecological study in Japan.

Objective: We aimed to determine how municipal subsidies for seasonal influenza vaccines for the elderly affected vaccination coverage and health outcomes and how responses to vaccine prices changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Study Design And Methods: This ecological study includes 1245 municipalities in Japan between 2019 and 2020. Fixed-effects regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of influenza vaccine cost subsidy for people aged 65 years or older on vaccination coverage, all-cause mortality, and influenza-related mortality.

Identification of Negative Ion at 20 Produced by Atmospheric Pressure Corona Discharge Ionization under Ambient Air.

The negative ion at 20 observed at atmospheric pressure corona discharge ionization mass spectra has been identified by supplying the vapors of deuterium oxide (DO) and HO. From the mass shifts of the ion at 20 observed with DO and HO, it was suggested that the chemical composition of the ion at 20 is to be HO. Further mass shift from 20 to 22 was observed by supplying the vapor of perfluorokerocene, suggesting the chemical composition of HF.

Precision engineered peptide targeting leukocyte extracellular traps mitigate acute kidney injury in Crush syndrome.

Crush syndrome induced by skeletal muscle compression causes fatal rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (RIAKI) that requires intensive care, including hemodialysis. However, access to crucial medical supplies is highly limited while treating earthquake victims trapped under fallen buildings, lowering their chances of survival. Developing a compact, portable, and simple treatment method for RIAKI remains an important challenge.

Guideline-based management of acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is defined by acute and progressive hypoxemia caused by various cardiorespiratory or systemic diseases in previously healthy patients. Among ARF, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious condition with bilateral lung infiltration, which develops secondary to a variety of underlying conditions, diseases, or injuries. This review summarizes the current standard of care for ARF and ARDS based on current major guidelines in this field.

Genome sequence of Chionoecetes opilio bacilliform virus, a nimavirus infecting the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio.

Nimaviridae (class Naldaviricetes) is a family of double-stranded DNA viruses infecting crustaceans, with the only officially recognized representative being white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Chionoecetes opilio bacilliform virus (CoBV) was isolated as the causative agent of milky hemolymph disease in the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio, an economically important crustacean in the northwestern Pacific. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of CoBV and show that it is unambiguously a nimavirus.

How do medical students learn in an online community diagnostics program?

Background: The need to engage medical students in understanding the social and environmental determinants of health in disparate communities is increasing. However, previous reviews have noted the limited community diagnosis programs and program evaluation. Given the feasibility of the programs, it is expected to be widely available online.

Association of antithrombin with development of trauma-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation and outcomes.

Introduction: Trauma activates the innate immune system to modulate hemostasis and minimize the damage caused by physiological bodily responses, including the activation of coagulation. Sufficiently severe trauma overwhelms physiological responses and elicits the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which leads to the onset of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), characterized by dysregulated inflammatory coagulofibrinolytic responses. Impaired anticoagulant mechanisms, including antithrombin, constitutes the pathology of DIC, while the dynamics of antithrombin and relevance to outcomes in trauma-induced coagulopathy have not been fully elucidated.

A case report of recovery of sinus node abnormalities associated with right atrial involvement of 'early-stage' cardiac sarcoidosis.

Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by impaired contractility of the myocardium secondary to cardiac conduction system abnormalities, which result in atrio-ventricular (AV) conduction block and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Notably, sinus node (SN) abnormalities are rarely associated with CS.

Case Summary: We herein present a case of CS presenting with SN abnormalities associated with atrial involvement of the CS and describe the utility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18-FDG-PET-CT) scans, and cardiac biopsy, in making an initial early diagnosis of early-stage CS.

An algorithm for PCT-guided antimicrobial therapy: a consensus statement by Japanese experts.

In Japan, a national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) action plan was adopted in 2016, advocating a 20% reduction in antibiotic consumption by 2020. However, there is still room for improvement to accomplish this goal. Many randomized controlled trials have reported that procalcitonin (PCT)-guided antimicrobial therapy could help to reduce antibiotic consumption without negative health effects, specifically in acute respiratory infections.

Effects of tranexamic acid on coagulofibrinolytic markers during the early stage of severe trauma: A propensity score-matched analysis.

Tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces the risk of bleeding trauma death without altering the need for blood transfusion. We examined the effects of TXA on coagulation and fibrinolysis dynamics and the volume of transfusion during the early stage of trauma. This subanalysis of a prospective multicenter study of severe trauma included 276 patients divided into propensity score-matched groups with and without TXA administration.

Age-related differences in the survival benefit of the administration of antithrombin, recombinant human thrombomodulin, or their combination in sepsis.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is one of the major organ dysfunctions associated with sepsis. This retrospective secondary analysis comprised data from a prospective multicenter study to investigate the age-related differences in the survival benefit of anticoagulant therapy in sepsis according to the DIC diagnostic criteria. Adult patients with severe sepsis based on the Sepsis-2 criteria were enrolled and divided into the following groups: (1) anticoagulant group (patients who received anticoagulant therapy) and (2) non-anticoagulant group (patients who did not receive anticoagulant therapy).

Disparities in co-payments for influenza vaccine among the elderly, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.

Introduction: Seasonal influenza vaccination for the elderly is highly recommended during the COVID-19 pandemic. In Japan, the amount of subsidy for influenza differs among municipalities. Thus, we investigated the amount of and variation in subsidy for influenza vaccination for the elderly in 2020.