An outbreak of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antigenic variants exhibiting cross-resistance to oseltamivir and peramivir in an elementary school in Japan, September 2024.

An outbreak of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses exhibiting cross-resistance to oseltamivir and peramivir occurred in Yokohama, Japan, in September 2024. Among 24 students in a class, 11 were diagnosed with influenza or influenza-like illness, and viruses harbouring the NA H275Y and HA Q210H substitutions were isolated from four. Deep sequencing analysis confirmed the clonal spread of these mutants.

[Long-Term Response to CDK4/6 Inhibitor for Multiple Metastases of Breast Cancer].

The patient was a 60-year-old woman. She was diagnosed with hypertension, symptomatic epilepsy, renal failure, and cerebral infarction. During follow-up, she was found to have a mass in her left breast and was referred to our department.

[A Case of Ectopic Mediastinal Goiter Developed during Administration of Rheumatrex].

We report a case of ectopic goiter that developed during administration of rheumatrex and in which we had difficulty in differentiating it. A 46-year-old woman had been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and had been taking rheumatrex(12.5 mg/week)for the past 2 years.

Efficacy of an Inactivated Whole-Virus A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165) (H3N2) Influenza Vaccine in Ferrets.

It has been reported that the high-growth reassortant (HGR) A(H3N2) influenza viruses used for split influenza vaccine (SV) production have some amino acid substitutions in hemagglutinin due to egg adaptation during virus propagation, causing antigenic differences between HGR and epidemic viruses. To clarify whether inactivated whole-virus vaccine (WV) derived from the A(H3N2) HGR virus possessing egg adaptation could induce cross-protective immune responses against epidemic A(H3N2) viruses, the efficacy of WV was compared with that of SV in a ferret model. When the ferrets immunized with WV or SV derived from HGR A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165) virus were challenged with the homologous virus A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165) or its original cell-propagated A/Victoria/361/2011 virus, respectively, WV successfully shortened the duration of virus shedding of both challenge viruses, whereas SV shortened only that of the homologous virus, A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165).

Insulin-inspired hippocampal neuron-targeting technology for protein drug delivery.

Hippocampal neurons can be the first to be impaired with neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Most drug candidates for causal therapy of AD cannot either enter the brain or accumulate around hippocampal neurons. Here, we genetically engineered insulin-fusion proteins, called hippocampal neuron-targeting (Ht) proteins, for targeting protein drugs to hippocampal neurons because insulin tends to accumulate in the neuronal cell layers of the hippocampus.

Monitoring Influenza C and D Viruses in Patients With Respiratory Diseases in Japan, January 2018 to March 2023.

Background: Influenza viruses can cause zoonotic infections that pose public health risks. Surveillance of influenza A and B viruses is conducted globally; however, information on influenza C and D viruses is limited. Longitudinal monitoring of influenza C virus in humans has been conducted in several countries, but there has been no long-term monitoring of influenza D virus in humans.

Establishment of an Infection System for Gentian ( spp.) Sclerotial Flower Blight Disease.

Gentians ( spp.) as floriculture crops are constantly exposed to several fungal and viral pathogens in the field. Among the fungal diseases afflicting gentian production, gentian sclerotial flower blight caused by incurs economic losses, as it affects flowers before and after harvest.

[Permissibility of Stoma Closure Surgery in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Who Underwent Primary Tumor Resection Including in Cancer-Bearing Conditions].

From 2006 to 2021, 27 patients who underwent stoma construction during colorectal cancer resection followed by stoma closure were grouped into 2 groups: Group A(7 patients with cancer)and Group B(20 patients without cancer). The male- to-female ratio were 6:1 for Group A and 13:7 for Group B. The average ages were 63.

Quantification of polyprenyl diphosphates in Escherichia coli cells using high-performance liquid chromatography.

Dephosphorylation of undecaprenyl diphosphate is a crucial step in the synthesis of undecaprenyl phosphate, which is essential for cell wall synthesis. We have developed a method for the quantification of intracellular polyprenyl diphosphates, which have never before been measured directly. Polyprenyl phosphates and diphosphates prepared by chemical phosphorylation of polyprenols from Staphylococcus aureus were used to establish the conditions for fractionation by ion-exchange chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Discovery of novel indole derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors of proMMP-9 activation.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a secreted zinc-dependent endopeptidase that degrades the extracellular matrix and basement membrane of neurons, and then contributes to synaptic plasticity by remodeling the extracellular matrix. Inhibition of MMP-9 activity has therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases such as fragile X syndrome. This paper reports the molecular design, synthesis, and in vitro studies of novel indole derivatives as inhibitors of proMMP-9 activation.

Antigenic drift and subtype interference shape A(H3N2) epidemic dynamics in the United States.

Influenza viruses continually evolve new antigenic variants, through mutations in epitopes of their major surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Antigenic drift potentiates the reinfection of previously infected individuals, but the contribution of this process to variability in annual epidemics is not well understood. Here we link influenza A(H3N2) virus evolution to regional epidemic dynamics in the United States during 1997-2019.

A community cluster of influenza A(H3N2) virus infection with reduced susceptibility to baloxavir due to a PA E199G substitution in Japan, February to March 2023.

A community cluster of influenza A(H3N2) caused by viruses with an E199G substitution in PA was detected in Nara, Japan, between February and March 2023. The three patients with these mutant viruses had not received antiviral treatment before specimen collection but patients in the same hospital had. The sequences of the mutant viruses were closely related, suggesting clonal spread in Nara.

Clinical and Virologic Impacts of Respiratory Viral Co-infections in Children With Influenza.

Background: Advances in multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods have enabled the simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory viruses. We aimed to estimate the clinical and virologic impacts of influenza and other respiratory virus co-infection in children.

Methods: We enrolled 38 and 35 children diagnosed with influenza and treated with baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) and oseltamivir, respectively.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of polyprenyl phosphates in Escherichia coli cells in which genes for isoprenoid synthesis are amplified.

Overproduction of isopentenyl diphosphate by the amplification of the genes for the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway, dxs and dxr, is known to be deleterious for the growth of Escherichia coli. We hypothesized that overproduction of one of the endogenous isoprenoids, in addition to isopentenyl diphosphate itself, might be the cause of the reported reduced growth rate and attempted to identify the causative agent. In order to analyze polyprenyl phosphates, they were methylated by the reaction with diazomethane.

[Function of the Puborectalis Muscle in Patients with or without Fecal Incontinence Three Years after Low Anterior Resection for Lower Rectal Cancer].

To clarify the function of the puborectalis muscle(PM)in fecal incontinence(FI)prevention after low anterior resection (LAR)for lower rectal cancer(LRC), PM function at 3 years after LAR was studied. A total of 29 patients aged 40-79 years (19 men and 10 women, mean age: 63.9 years)who underwent LAR for LRC were enrolled in the present study.

[A 10-Year Survivor with Multidisciplinary Treatment for Pancreatic Carcinoma That Recurred 17 Months after Pancreatoduodenectomy].

Postoperative recurrence of invasive pancreatic ductal carcinoma(PC)has a poor prognosis. We experienced a case of PC that relapsed 17 months after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)and survived for more than 10 years after PD. A 51-year-old man underwent PD in December 2011(pT3pN1bM0, pStage Ⅱb).

[Clinicopathological Examination of Resected Case of Primary Duodenal Cancer at Our Hospital].

Primary duodenal cancer is a rare disease. We examined 8 resected cases of duodenal cancer at our hospital from June 2003 to February 2022. Patients with resected duodenal cancer had an average age of 69.

Antiviral Susceptibilities of Distinct Lineages of Influenza C and D Viruses.

The emergence and spread of antiviral-resistant influenza viruses are of great concern. To minimize the public health risk, it is important to monitor antiviral susceptibilities of influenza viruses. Analyses of the antiviral susceptibilities of influenza A and B viruses have been conducted globally; however, those of influenza C and D viruses are limited.