Financial Burden as a Potential Barrier to Vaccine Completion in Post-hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients in Japan.

Introduction The administration of routine vaccinations to patients following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is highly recommended. However, studies examining reasons for not completing vaccination in post-HSCT patients are lacking. Method We reviewed the medical records of patients who sought vaccination following HSCT from January 2012 to December 2018 at the Center for Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University.

Travelers' vaccines and their adverse events in Nara, Japan.

Background: It is important to analyze the types of vaccines in travel clinics to determine the focus points in future practice.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of all patients who visited the travel clinic of Nara Medical University between June 2013 and December 2019 to determine their background and the vaccines administered. The information regarding adverse events of the unapproved vaccines in Japan (Havrix, Verorab, Boostrix, Priorix, Typhim Vi, and Mencevax) was also collected.

Discovery of remogliflozin etabonate: A potent and highly selective SGLT2 inhibitor.

We optimized the structure of an active metabolite (1) of WAY-123783, which was obtained from mouse urine after oral administration, to improve selectivity for SGLT2 and oral bioavailability. O-glucoside derivative 24 (remogliflozin etabonate) was subsequently identified as a potent, highly selective, and orally available SGLT2 inhibitor.

Characteristics of health problems in returned overseas travelers at a tertiary teaching hospital in a suburban area in Japan.

Few studies have analyzed the characteristics of patients who develop physical disorders after overseas travel. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 183 patients who visited Nara Medical University Hospital from 2008 to 2016 because of physical problems after traveling abroad. The main travel destinations were Southeast Asia (n = 100), Africa (n = 27), and South Asia (n = 23).

Molecular diagnosis and characterization of a culture-negative mycotic aneurysm due to ST54 Haemophilus influenzae type b with PBP 3 alterations.

Mycotic aneurysm is a rare but life-threatening disease that warrants an integrated therapeutic approach involving surgical intervention and prolonged antibiotic use. However, the causative organisms are often unidentified because antibiotics started empirically render blood and tissue cultures negative. Molecular diagnosis has been reported to be useful in such culture-negative cases.

Mycobacterium wolinskyi Peritonitis after Peritoneal Catheter Embedment Surgery.

Mycobacterium wolinskyi belongs to the Mycobacterium smegmatis group, which comprises rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria. The number of case reports on M. wolinskyi infections associated with postoperative wounds has increased in recent years.

Pulmonary involvement of secondary syphilis.

Pulmonary involvement in secondary syphilis is considered a rare occurrence; however, the number of cases has increased in the 2000s. This is likely due to the increased use of computed tomography scans and molecular diagnostic testing. We report a case of an HIV-positive man with pleural chest pain and bilateral subpleural nodules on chest computed tomography.

Structure-activity relationship studies of 4-benzyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl β-d-glucopyranoside derivatives as potent and selective sodium glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT1) inhibitors with therapeutic activity on postprandial hyperglycemia.

Sodium glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT1) plays a dominant role in the absorption of glucose in the gut and is considered a promising target in the development of treatments for postprandial hyperglycemia. A series of 4-benzyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl β-d-glucopyranoside derivatives have been synthesized, and its inhibitory activity toward SGLTs has been evaluated. By altering the substitution groups at the 5-position of the pyrazole ring, and every position of the phenyl ring, we studied the structure-activity relationship (SAR) profiles and identified a series of potent and selective SGLT1 inhibitors.

Remogliflozin etabonate, in a novel category of selective low-affinity sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) inhibitors, exhibits antidiabetic efficacy in rodent models.

The low-affinity sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) plays an important role in renal glucose reabsorption and is a remarkable transporter as a molecular target for the treatment of diabetes. We have discovered remogliflozin etabonate, which is a novel category of selective SGLT2 inhibitors. Remogliflozin etabonate is a prodrug based on benzylpyrazole glucoside and is metabolized to its active form, remogliflozin, in the body.

[Pharmacokinetics of 5-FU after S-1 oral administration for adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients].

We studied the pharmacokinetics of 5-FU after S-1 oral administration at the usual dose (80 mg/m2) for adjuvant chemotherapy in 13 advanced gastric cancer patients (Stage II, III), and at a decreased dose (60 mg/m2) for adjuvant or combined chemotherapy in 13 advanced gastric cancer patients. Pharmacokinetic parameters of 5-FU in the serum were as follows: Cmax, 159 .9 2+/-45.

Intravenous injection of phagocytes transfected ex vivo with FGF4 DNA/biodegradable gelatin complex promotes angiogenesis in a rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model.

Conventional gene therapies still present difficulties due to poor tissue-targeting, invasiveness of delivery, method, or the use of viral vectors. To establish the feasibility of using non-virally ex vivo transfected phagocytes to promote angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium, gene-transfection into isolated phagocytes was performed by culture with positively charged gelatin impregnated with plasmid DNA. A high rate of gene transfection was achieved in rat macrophages and human monocytes, but not in mouse fibroblasts.

Sergliflozin, a novel selective inhibitor of low-affinity sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT2), validates the critical role of SGLT2 in renal glucose reabsorption and modulates plasma glucose level.

The low-affinity sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT2), which is expressed specifically in the kidney, plays a major role in renal glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule. We have discovered sergliflozin, a prodrug of a novel selective SGLT2 inhibitor, based on benzylphenol glucoside. In structure, it belongs to a new category of SGLT2 inhibitors and its skeleton differs from that of phlorizin, a nonselective SGLT inhibitor.

SLC5A9/SGLT4, a new Na+-dependent glucose transporter, is an essential transporter for mannose, 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol, and fructose.

We isolated a cDNA clone of SLC5A9/SGLT4 from human small intestinal full-length cDNA libraries, and functionally characterized it in vitro. The messenger RNA encoding SGLT4 was mainly expressed in the small intestine and kidney, among the human tissues tested. COS-7 cells transiently expressing SGLT4 exhibited Na(+)-dependent alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (AMG) transport activity with an apparent K(m) of 2.

[Efficacy of Nifekalant hydrochloride for life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with resistance to lidocaine: a study of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest].

Objectives: Class I antiarrhythmic agents are not always effective in the treatment of life-threatening ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) especially in patients with cardiopulmonary arrest. Nifekalant hydrochloride(NIF) is a novel class III antiarrhythmic agent for malignant VT/VF. This study prospectively evaluated NIF efficacy for life-threatening VT/VF observed after cardiopulmonary arrest.

Inhomogeneous vasodilatory responses of rat tail arteries to heat stress: evaluation by synchrotron radiation microangiography.

Tail blood flow is crucial for dissipating body heat in rats. Angiographies are convenient tools to evaluate tail circulation. However, conventional angiographies do not have sufficient sensitivity or spatial resolution for small vessels.

Involvement of mechanical stretch in the gelatinolytic activity of the fibrous sclera of chicks, in vitro.

Purpose: To investigate the role of mechanical stretch in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in scleral fibroblasts of chick embryos.

Methods: Scleral fibroblasts derived from chick embryos were seeded onto flexible bottom culture plates, and subjected to a pulsatile stretch when the cells became subconfluent. After stretching, the cells and the conditioned medium were harvested.