Metabolite components and nutritional composition of the endosperm in seven species from .

As an important agricultural product, the endosperm portion of seeds, called "zào jiǎo mǐ" (ZJM) in Chinese, has gradually gained popularity and has been accepted by the public. However, there is limited information on the nutritional value and metabolic components of endosperm among . This study compared the endosperm composition among seven species.

Transcriptome analysis reveals regulatory mechanisms of different drought-tolerant Gleditsia sinensis seedlings under drought stress.

Background: Gleditsia sinensis is a significant tree species from both ecological and economic perspectives. However, its growth is hampered by temporary droughts during the seedling stage, thereby impeding the development of the G. sinensis industry.

Physiological response and drought resistance evaluation of Gleditsia sinensis seedlings under drought-rehydration state.

G. sinensis is a crucial tree species in China, possessing important economic and ecological value, and having a wide geographical distribution. G.

Influence of seamless nursing model of humanistic care on nursing quality and blood infection risk of neurosurgical ICU patients and its correlation with APACHE II score.

This research aims to explore the influence of seamless nursing mode of humanistic care on nursing quality and blood infection risk of ICU patients in neurosurgery, and the model of correlation with APACHE II score. 110 ICU patients are grouped into control set and study set, which are, respectively, given the previous routine nursing and the seamless management based on humanistic care to compare the two sets in the following aspects: nursing quality, blood infection rate, anxiety and depression extension before and after nursing, nursing satisfaction and APACHE II score, and to figure out the correlation between patient nursing quality score, and to compare blood infection and APACHE II score. Comparison and statistical analysis are used to disclose the influence and the correlation.

Activation-induced pyroptosis contributes to the loss of MAIT cells in chronic HIV-1 infected patients.

Background: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are systemically depleted in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected patients and are not replenished even after successful combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). This study aimed to identify the mechanism underlying MAIT cell depletion.

Methods: In the present study, we applied flow cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the characteristics of pyroptotic MAIT cells in a total of 127 HIV-1 infected individuals, including 69 treatment-naive patients, 28 complete responders, 15 immunological non-responders, and 15 elite controllers, at the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.

Global transcriptomic characterization of T cells in individuals with chronic HIV-1 infection.

To obtain a comprehensive scenario of T cell profiles and synergistic immune responses, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on the peripheral T cells of 14 individuals with chronic human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection, including nine treatment-naive (TP) and eight antiretroviral therapy (ART) participants (of whom three were paired with TP cases), and compared the results with four healthy donors (HD). Through analyzing the transcriptional profiles of CD4 and CD8 T cells, coupled with assembled T cell receptor sequences, we observed the significant loss of naive T cells, prolonged inflammation, and increased response to interferon-α in TP individuals, which could be partially restored by ART. Interestingly, we revealed that CD4 and CD8 Effector-GNLY clusters were expanded in TP cases, and persistently increased in ART individuals where they were typically correlated with poor immune restoration.

Dynamic Metabolomics Study of the Bile Acid Pathway During Perioperative Primary Hepatic Carcinoma Following Liver Transplantation.

BACKGROUND There are many situations of abnormal metabolism influencing liver graft function. This study aims to provide data for the development of liver function recovery after liver transplantation by dynamically analyzing metabolites of bile acids pathway in serum. MATERIAL AND METHODS A comprehensive metabolomics profiling of serum of 9 liver transplantation patients before transplantation, on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days after liver transplantation, and healthy individuals were performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).

Microenvironment-Induced In Situ Self-Assembly of Polymer-Peptide Conjugates That Attack Solid Tumors Deeply.

In cancer treatment, the unsatisfactory solid-tumor penetration of nanomaterials limits their therapeutic efficacy. We employed an in vivo self-assembly strategy and designed polymer-peptide conjugates (PPCs) that underwent an acid-induced hydrophobicity increase with a narrow pH-response range (from 7.4 to 6.

Near-Infrared Laser-Driven in Situ Self-Assembly as a General Strategy for Deep Tumor Therapy.

Nanotherapeutics have encountered some bottleneck problems in cancer therapy, such as poor penetration and inefficient accumulation in tumor site. We herein developed a novel strategy for deep tissue penetration in molecular level and near-infrared (NIR) laser guided in situ self-assembly to solve these challenges. For the proof-of-concept study, we synthesized the polymer-peptide conjugates (PPCs) composed of (i) poly(β-thioester) as thermoresponsive backbone, (ii) functional peptides (cytotoxic peptide and cell-penetrating peptide), and (iii) the NIR molecule with photothermal property.

The differentially expressed circular ribonucleic acids of primary hepatic carcinoma following liver transplantation as new diagnostic biomarkers for primary hepatic carcinoma.

Recent studies have shown that circular ribonucleic acids have differential expression in some diseases. This study compared the expression levels of five circular ribonucleic acids between patients of primary hepatic carcinoma following liver transplantation and healthy individuals for searching a new diagnostic biomarker about primary hepatic carcinoma. We chose differentially expressed targeted circular ribonucleic acids according to fold change ≥2.

Enzyme-sensitive cytotoxic peptide-dendrimer conjugates enhance cell apoptosis and deep tumor penetration.

Peptide nanodrugs have been developed as promising antitumor chemotherapeutics because they partially overcome the drawbacks of free peptide drugs, but insufficient tumor penetration and interference of peptide function limit their further application. In this work, we have developed multifunctional peptide conjugated dendrimers for improving tumor penetration, cancer cell-specific peptide delivery and anticancer ability. The cytotoxic peptide KLAK, cell-penetrating peptide TAT and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)-sensitive peptide-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were conjugated onto dendrimers by one-pot synthesis to gain PKT-S-PEG.

An "On-Site Transformation" Strategy for Treatment of Bacterial Infection.

To date, numerous nanosystems have been developed as antibiotic replacements for bacterial infection treatment. However, these advanced systems are limited owing to their nontargeting accumulation and the consequent side effects. Herein, transformable polymer-peptide biomaterials have been developed that enable specific accumulation in the infectious site and long-term retention, resulting in enhanced binding capability and killing efficacy toward bacteria.

Circular RNA and gene expression profiles in gastric cancer based on microarray chip technology.

The aim of the present study was to screen gastric cancer (GC) tissue and adjacent tissue for differences in mRNA and circular (circRNA) expression, to analyze the differences in circRNA and mRNA expression, and to investigate the circRNA expression in gastric carcinoma and its mechanism. circRNA and mRNA differential expression profiles generated using Agilent microarray technology were analyzed in the GC tissues and adjacent tissues. qRT-PCR was used to verify the differential expression of circRNAs and mRNAs according to the interactions between circRNAs and miRNAs as well as the possible existence of miRNA and mRNA interactions.

ARHGAP4 mutated in a Chinese intellectually challenged family.

Objective: Mental retardation is characterized by lower intelligence compared to the average intelligence of persons the same age. These patients have low adaptive capacity acquired by society. The genetic factors of causing MR include monogenic disease, chromosome structural aberration, and chromosome number aberration and so on.

Study on 3'-UTR length polymorphism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of uremia patient.

Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) polymorphism lengths in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from uremia patients.

Method: We sequenced the alternative polyadenylation sites in the 3'-UTR of PBMCs from 10 uremic patients and 10 healthy people to detect different gene expression levels between uremia patients and healthy controls. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used as validation.

Composition and variation analysis of the TCR β-chain CDR3 repertoire in systemic lupus erythematosus using high-throughput sequencing.

The ability of T lymphocytes to mount an immune response against a diverse array of pathogens is primarily conveyed by the amino acid (aa) sequence of the hypervariable complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) segments of the T cell receptor (TCR). In this study, we used a combination of multiplex-PCR, Illumina sequencing and IMGT/HighV-QUEST for a standardized analysis of the characteristics and polymorphisms of the T-cell receptor BV complementarity-determining region 3 (TCR BV CDR3) gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from SLE patients and healthy donors (NC). We found the distributions of CDR3, VD indel, and DJ indel lengths to be comparable between the SLE and NC groups.

Applications of gold nanoparticles in optical biosensors.

Currently gold nanoparticles are widely used in optical bioassays because of their characteristics, such as good biocompatibility, excellent optical performance, special catalytic activity and the convenience of controlled fabrication. This review describes the application development of gold nanoparticles in various optical biosensors, including colorimetry, scanometry, dry-reagent strip, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), chemiluminescence and fluorescent biosensors. Firstly, we present the underlying principles that contribute to the enhanced detection capability of gold nanoparticles, taking advantage of their unique characteristics in these bioassay methods.

CCDC40 mutation as a cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia: a case report and review of literature.

Background And Aims: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare, genetically heterogeneous disorder. Genetic defects affecting motility of cilia and flagella cause chronic destructive airway disease, situs inversus and, frequently, male infertility in PCD. To date, although several genes have been implicated in PCD, the genetic bases of most cases of PCD remain elusive.

Microarray technology for analysis of microRNA expression in renal biopsies of lupus nephritis patients.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease, which predominantly occurs in females and is characterized by autoantibody production against a host of nuclear self-antigens and deposition of proinflammatory immune complexes in the organs including kidney glomeruli. MicroRNAs are small noncoding intracellular RNAs that modulate gene expression at the posttranslational level. Microarray technology is in widespread use for analysis of microRNA (miRNA) gene expression because of its flexibility and accurate high throughput.

Evaluating a particular circulating microRNA species from an SLE patient using stem-loop qRT-PCR.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease, and correct judgment of SLE activity is very important in guiding precise clinical treatment. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) could serve as potential biomarkers of disease activity or status in SLE, and here we describe a modified qRT-PCR method for detecting them. Stem loop has become one of the most powerful methods for determining miRNA expression because it is highly sensitive and accurate and requires only small amount of sample.

Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 2 regulates nerve growth factor release to induce airway inflammation via a reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway.

Group 2 allergen of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 2 (Der p2) induces airway inflammation without protease activity, and elevated nerve growth factor (NGF) levels are also found in this inflammation. How the allergen Der p2 regulates NGF release via reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce inflammation remains unclear. In the present study, intratracheal administration of Der p2 to mice led to inflammatory cell infiltration, mucus gland hyperplasia, and NGF upregulation in the bronchial epithelium, as well as elevated ROS and NGF production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids.

[Clinically analyzing the possible side-effects after injecting hydrophilic polyacrylamide gel as a soft-tissue filler].

Objective: To evaluate the possible side-effects after injecting hydrophilic polyacrylamide gel for augmentation of the soft-tissue.

Methods: Fifteen patients with some side-effects after injecting the hydrophilic polyacrylamide gel had been undergoing for the treatment in our unit from 2000 to 2001. Their symptoms were analyzed and the specimen of the tissue was also removed for pathologic examination.