Publications by authors named "Fudge J"
Objective: Theories of amygdala function are central to our understanding of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, limited knowledge of the molecular and cellular composition of the amygdala impedes translational research aimed at developing new treatments and interventions. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the composition of amygdala cells to help bridge the gap between preclinical models and human psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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- Recent research has created normative growth charts for the brain structure of rhesus macaques, filling a gap in understanding nonhuman primate neurodevelopment.
- The study analyzed 1,522 MRI scans from 1,024 macaques to identify developmental patterns in brain volume, cortical thickness, and surface area throughout their lifespan.
- These findings not only highlight key milestones in macaque brain development but also allow for meaningful comparisons to human brain maturation, providing a valuable resource for future neuroscience studies.
Unlabelled: A unique pool of immature glutamatergic neurons in the primate amygdala, known as the paralaminar nucleus (PL), are maturing between infancy and adolescence. The PL is a potential substrate for the steep growth curve of amygdala volume during this developmental period. A microglial component is also embedded among the PL neurons, and likely supports local neuronal maturation and emerging synaptogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Previous research has established that food intake is a biological regulator of the human sleep-wake cycle. As such, the timing of eating relative to sleep may influence the quality of sleep, including daytime naps. Here, we examine whether the timing of lunch (1 h vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscatheter Closure of Postinfarct VSD With the Amplatzer PIVSD Occluder: Results of a US Study.
J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv
June 2024
Background: A postinfarct ventricular septal defect (PIVSD) is associated with high mortality and morbidity, particularly in patients with hemodynamic instability who are not suitable candidates for surgical repair. The Amplatzer PIVSD Occluder (Abbott) is indicated for transcatheter PIVSD closure in patients who are not satisfactory candidates for surgical repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate associated clinical outcomes.
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- * The overall one-year mortality rate for the cohort was 9%, with different operative mortality rates and outcomes observed across the three pathways: standard risk (2.6%), high-risk noncardiac (10%), and high-risk cardiac with advanced support.
- * The findings suggest that a tailored management approach can lead to favorable outcomes, particularly in high-risk patients, with a considerable number successfully undergoing cardiac transplantation and surviving beyond one year.
Unlabelled: The central nucleus (CeN) of the amygdala is an important afferent to the DA system that mediates motivated learning. We previously found that CeN terminals in nonhuman primates primarily overlap the elongated lateral VTA (parabrachial pigmented nucleus, PBP, A10), and retrorubral field(A8) subregion. Here, we examined CeN afferent contacts on cell somata and proximal dendrites of DA and GABA neurons, and distal dendrites of each, using confocal and electron microscopy (EM) methods, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDopamine (DA) is involved in stress and stress-related illnesses, including many psychiatric disorders. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays a role in stress responses and targets the ventral midbrain DA system, which is composed of DA and non-DA cells, and divided into specific subregions. Although CRF inputs to the midline A10 nuclei ("classic VTA") are known, in monkeys, CRF-containing terminals are also highly enriched in the expanded A10 parabrachial pigmented nucleus (PBP) and in the A8 retrorubral field subregions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOutcomes of Children Supported With Pulsatile Paracorporeal Ventricular Assist Device: Congenital Versus Acquired Heart Disease.
World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg
November 2023
Article Synopsis
- * Key findings revealed that 1-year survival rates were significantly lower for CHD patients (59.9%) compared to AHD patients (88.6%), and this trend continued at 5 years (55.4% for CHD vs. 85.3% for AHD).
- * The duration of VAD support varied, with CHD patients receiving median support for 134 days and AHD patients for 97 days; additionally, the outcomes showed that a majority of both groups went on
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the presence of immature neurons in the paralaminar nucleus of the amygdala in macaques during different developmental stages and under varying maternal conditions.
- It finds that adolescent macaques have fewer immature neurons and more mature neurons compared to infants, and suggests that some neurons exit the PL as they mature.
- Maternal separation in infant macaques does not affect neuron counts but correlates with changes in TBR1 mRNA levels, indicating that stress may hinder the maturation of these neurons.