Motilin: a panoply of communications between the gut, brain, and pancreas.

: Motilin was first alluded to nearly a century ago. But it remains a rather abstruse peptide, in the shadow of its younger but more lucid 'cousin' ghrelin.: The review aimed to bring to the fore multifarious aspects of motilin research with a view to aiding prioritization of future studies on this gastrointestinal peptide.

Elevated Circulating Levels of Motilin are Associated with Diabetes in Individuals after Acute Pancreatitis.

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the associations between glycaemic control after acute pancreatitis and gastrointestinal motility, using plasma motilin concentration and gastroparesis cardinal symptom index score as proxies.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited a total of 93 individuals after acute pancreatitis. Gastroparesis cardinal index scores, demographic and anthropometric factors, as well as pancreatitis-related factors were analysed.

Post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus: towards understanding the role of gastrointestinal motility.

Post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM) is a sub-type of diabetes of the exocrine pancreas that develops after acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas. While pro-inflammatory milieu, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism in PPDM have been investigated, little is known about gastrointestinal function in the post-pancreatitis setting. This article overviews studies on epidemiology and impact of gastroparesis in the setting of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, with a view to estimating the possible burden of gastrointestinal dysfunction in PPDM.

Mangiferin and Cancer: Mechanisms of Action.

Mangiferin, a bioactive compound derived primarily from Anacardiaceae and Gentianaceae families and found in mangoes and honeybush tea, has been extensively studied for its therapeutic properties. Mangiferin has shown promising chemotherapeutic and chemopreventative potential. This review focuses on the effect of mangiferin on: (1) inflammation, with respect to NFκB, PPARү and the immune system; (2) cell cycle, the MAPK pathway G₂/M checkpoint; (3) proliferation and metastasis, and implications on β-catenin, MMPs, EMT, angiogenesis and tumour volume; (4) apoptosis, with a focus on Bax/Bcl ratios, intrinsic/extrinsic apoptotic pathways and telomerase activity; (5) oxidative stress, through Nrf2/ARE signalling, ROS elimination and catalase activity; and (6) efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, such as oxaliplatin, etoposide and doxorubicin.