[Development of pregnancy in genetic risk patients with special reference to transabdominal amniocentesis].

A complex 3-stage-method of pregnancy evaluation in genetic patients with a planned-transabdominal amniocentesis reduces essentially the risk of the intervention; the state of maternal organism, placental function and fetal growth are repeatedly assessed. Fetal growth retardation together with poor placental function indicated in 4 cases a malformation of the type not be able to be diagnosed cytogeneticylla. Our experience is derived from 404 pregnancies followed before and after transabdominal amniocentesis.

The supply of surgeons and the demand for operations.

This paper presents a multiequation, multivariate analysis of differences in the supply of surgeons and the demand for operations across geographical areas of the United States in 1963 and 1970. The results provide considerable support for the hypothesis that surgeons shift the demand for operations. Other things equal, a 10 percent increase in the surgeon/population ratio results in about a 3 percent increase in per capita utilization.

[The effect of pesticide combinations in laboratory rats. III. Modification of selected enzymes].

After oral administration of pesticides Parathion-methyl, Carbaryl, Lindane and their combinations were investigated the activities of enzyme SGOT, SGPT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Cholinesterase. Results concerning SGOT-activity demonstrated a significant increase in all groups. The cause of this rise can be found in its effect on liver, muscle and/or heart.

[The effect of pesticide combinations on laboratory rats. II. Modification of selected hematological parameters and blood glucose].

Reference is made to the first communication made under this heading. The haematological parameters did not undergo any visible change in response to the chosen experimental arrangement. Further studies should be undertaken, with the view to elucidating the possibility of bone marrow change.

[The effect of pesticide combinations on laboratory rats. I. Determination of the acute oral toxicity (LD50) of pesticide combinations].

The growing use of a diversity of pesticides in agricultural practice calls for studies into the toxicity of pesticides when used in combinations. Fundamental studies were conducted into the acute toxicity of pesticide combinations in rat and showed that double or triple combinations of parathion-methyl, carbaryl, and Lindan could aggravate or mitigate toxicity, depending on the active ingredients involved. The above findings were obtained from acute animal experiments, but it may well be necessary to develop proper screening models for optimum information and to study subchronic toxicity as well.

Socioeconomic factors affecting the utilization of surgical operations.

Between 1963 and 1970 public programs were introduced to reduce inequalities in access to medical care. We examined differentials in surgical utilization among socioeconomic groups in 1970 as well as changes between 1963 and 1970. Multivariate analysis of National Health Interview Survey data indicated that large increases in surgical utilization occurred among disadvantaged groups: the aged, lower educated and nonwhites in urban areas.

[Studies on the prenatally toxic effect of parathionemethyl in Wistar rats compared to cyclophosphamide and trypan blue].

Higher yield and performance in plant and animal production will depend on reinforced use of pesticides, particularly alkyl phosphate esters and insecticidal carbamates. Prenatal toxic action of the pesticides used today may be detrimental to human and animal health. Prenatal-toxicological tests, using parathion-methyl, were conducted on the basis of known but modified experimental methods.