Marine Proteobacteria metabolize glycolate via the β-hydroxyaspartate cycle.

One of the most abundant sources of organic carbon in the ocean is glycolate, the secretion of which by marine phytoplankton results in an estimated annual flux of one petagram of glycolate in marine environments. Although it is generally accepted that glycolate is oxidized to glyoxylate by marine bacteria, the further fate of this C metabolite is not well understood. Here we show that ubiquitous marine Proteobacteria are able to assimilate glyoxylate via the β-hydroxyaspartate cycle (BHAC) that was originally proposed 56 years ago.

Bogusławą Keckova: An Official Female Doctor in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1893-1911.

The purpose of this paper is to bring to light the biographical details, the professional work and the publishing activities of Bogusławą Keckovą (Bohuslava Kecková in Czech and Keck in German), who functioned as an Austro-Hungarian health officer in Mostar from 1893 to 1911 during the period of the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Keckovą, who came from Prague, was the second of nine female physicians to be employed by the Austro-Hungarian authorities between 1892 and 1918. Keckovą contributed significantly to the improvement of public health and hygiene in BH, especially by organising the medical treatment of Muslim women.

sp. nov., a Chemolithoheterotroph Isolated from Sulfide- and Organic-Rich Coastal Waters off Peru.

Members of the epsilonproteobacterial genus have been identified to be potentially important sulfide oxidizers in marine coastal, seep, and stratified basin environments. In the highly productive upwelling waters off the coast of Peru, cells comprised 3 to 25% of the total microbial community at a near-shore station where sulfide concentrations exceeded 20 μM in bottom waters. From the chemocline where the population exceeded 10 cells ml and where high rates of denitrification (up to 6.

Assessment of the LeadCare® Plus for Use on Scandinavian Brown Bears .

Lead (Pb) exposure is associated with adverse health effects in both humans and wildlife. Blood lead levels (BLL) of sentinel wildlife species can be used to monitor environmental lead exposure and ecosystem health. BLL analyzers, such as the LeadCare®, are validated for use in humans, assessed for use in some avian species and cattle, and are increasingly being used on wildlife to monitor lead exposure.

Niche differentiation among annually recurrent coastal Marine Group II Euryarchaeota.

Since the discovery of archaeoplankton in 1992, the euryarchaeotal Marine Group II (MGII) remains uncultured and less understood than other planktonic archaea. We characterized the seasonal dynamics of MGII populations in the southern North Sea on a genomic and microscopic level over the course of four years. We recovered 34 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of MGIIa and MGIIb that corroborated proteorhodopsin-based photoheterotrophic lifestyles.

Exploring donor demographics effects on hepatocyte yield and viability: Results of whole human liver isolation from one center.

Due to the growth of cell-based therapeutic alternatives addressing the shortage of livers for transplant, there is necessity for a reliable source of human hepatocytes. In addition, pharmaceutical research often requires human hepatocytes to assess new drug therapies during development or to achieve FDA approval. Whole human livers producing large quantities of cells from the same donor are ideal, enhancing reproducibility for all purposes, while also allowing for capturing variances in drug-metabolism across different demographics for pharmaceutical testing and development but are limited in availability and quality for research purposes.

A Machine Learning Algorithm to Predict Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: Development, Implementation, and Impact on Clinical Practice.

Objectives: Develop and implement a machine learning algorithm to predict severe sepsis and septic shock and evaluate the impact on clinical practice and patient outcomes.

Design: Retrospective cohort for algorithm derivation and validation, pre-post impact evaluation.

Setting: Tertiary teaching hospital system in Philadelphia, PA.

The Anti-virulence Efficacy of 4-(1,3-Dimethyl-2,3-Dihydro-1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)Phenol Against Methicillin-Resistant .

Antimicrobial drug discovery against drug-resistant bacteria is an urgent need. Beyond agents with direct antibacterial activity, anti-virulent molecules may also be viable compounds to defend against bacterial pathogenesis. Using a high throughput screen (HTS) that utilized infected with methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strain of MW2, we identified 4-(1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenol (BIP).

A selective membrane-targeting repurposed antibiotic with activity against persistent methicillin-resistant .

Treatment of infections is complicated by the development of antibiotic tolerance, a consequence of the ability of to enter into a nongrowing, dormant state in which the organisms are referred to as persisters. We report that the clinically approved anthelmintic agent bithionol kills methicillin-resistant (MRSA) persister cells, which correlates with its ability to disrupt the integrity of Gram-positive bacterial membranes. Critically, bithionol exhibits significant selectivity for bacterial compared with mammalian cell membranes.

Tumor Contrast Enhancement and Whole-Body Elimination of the Manganese-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent Mn-PyC3A.

Objectives: The goals of this study were to compare the efficacy of the new manganese-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent Mn-PyC3A to the commercial gadolinium-based agents Gd-DOTA and to Gd-EOB-DTPA to detect tumors in murine models of breast cancer and metastatic liver disease, respectively, and to quantify the fractional excretion and elimination of Mn-PyC3A in rats.

Methods: T1-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI with 0.1 mmol/kg Mn-PyC3A was compared with 0.

Extra-abdominal desmoid tumours - further evidence for the watchful waiting policy.

Purpose: Extra-abdominal desmoid tumours are benign and rare, and lead to a persistent treatment dilemma because of their high recurrence rate and their heterogeneous behaviour. The goal of this retrospective study was to evaluate the results of different treatment modalities for extra-abdominal desmoid tumours at four sarcoma treatment centres.

Methods: The mean follow-up time for the 96 patients included in the study (63.

Auranofin is an effective agent against clinical isolates of .

The orphan drug auranofin was recently found to exhibit antimicrobial properties. We explored the efficacy of auranofin by evaluating the minimal inhibitory concentration against a collection of over 500 clinical isolates derived from multiple institutions, inclusive of drug resistant strains. Our evaluation also included continuous exposure of bacteria to auranofin.

Dr. Anna Bayerová: The First Official Female Doctor in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

This biographical note details Anna Bayerová's (1853-1924) activities as the first female Austro-Hungarian health officer in 1878 to1918 occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Anna Bayerová is known as a heroine of Czech feminism and the 'first Czech female physician', though she only practised in the Czech lands from 1913 to 1916. In 1891, Bayerová was enrolled as the first Austro-Hungarian female health officer and assigned to treat Muslim women in the district of Tuzla, Bosnia.

The role of lipids in aging-related metabolic changes.

Fat is historically associated with poor health and obesity. However, the continuous use of lipidomics and genetic studies in model organisms revealed that specific lipid profiles and signals might delay aging. In order to identify and quantify the lipid species, researchers are taking advantage of the recent developments in the area of lipidomics that is mainly done by mass spectrometry and further techniques, such as NMR spectroscopy and chromatographic separations.

Clinician Perception of a Machine Learning-Based Early Warning System Designed to Predict Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock.

Objective: To assess clinician perceptions of a machine learning-based early warning system to predict severe sepsis and septic shock (Early Warning System 2.0).

Design: Prospective observational study.

On-Site Analysis of Bacterial Communities of the Ultraoligotrophic South Pacific Gyre.

The South Pacific Gyre (SPG) covers 10% of the ocean's surface and is often regarded as a marine biological desert. To gain an on-site overview of the remote, ultraoligotrophic microbial community of the SPG, we developed a novel onboard analysis pipeline, which combines next-generation sequencing with fluorescence hybridization and automated cell enumeration. We tested the pipeline during the SO-245 "UltraPac" cruise from Chile to New Zealand and found that the overall microbial community of the SPG was highly similar to those of other oceanic gyres.

Mid-term results of MR-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment for relapsing superficial desmoids.

Purpose: Desmoids are locally infiltrative, nonmalignant soft tissue tumors. Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy have been the mainstay of treatment, but relapse is common and side effects can result in significant morbidity. MR-HIFU is increasingly recognized as an alternative treatment modality.

and Gene Fusion-Associated Mesenchymal Tumors: Clinicopathologic Correlation and Literature Review.

The spectrum of mesenchymal tumors associated with rearrangements of the gene has been growing in recent years due to progress in molecular detection techniques. Originally identified as the gene involved in the pathogenesis of Ewing sarcoma, the gene is now known to be rearranged in diverse clinical and histopathological entities. The gene is one of the many translocation partners of in gene fusions in a morphologically typical, albeit rare, subgroup of mesenchymal tumors.

Resting-state connectivity of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the central nucleus of the amygdala in clinical anxiety.

Background: The central nucleus of the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis are involved primarily in phasic and sustained aversive states. Although both structures have been implicated in pathological anxiety, few studies with a clinical population have specifically focused on them, partly because of their small size. Previous work in our group used high-resolution imaging to map the restingstate functional connectivity of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the central nucleus of the amygdala in healthy subjects at 7 T, confirming and extending structural findings in humans and animals, while providing additional insight into cortical connectivity that is potentially unique to humans.

A Biopsychosocial Model of Sex Differences in Children's Eating Behaviors.

The prevalence of obesity and eating disorders varies by sex, but the extent to which sex influences eating behaviors, especially in childhood, has received less attention. The purpose of this paper is to critically discuss the literature on sex differences in eating behavior in children and present new findings supporting the role of sex in child appetitive traits and neural responses to food cues. In children, the literature shows sex differences in food acceptance, food intake, appetitive traits, eating-related compensation, and eating speed.

Ga-NODAGA-Indole: An Allysine-Reactive Positron Emission Tomography Probe for Molecular Imaging of Pulmonary Fibrogenesis.

Oxidized collagen, wherein lysine residues are converted to the aldehyde allysine, is a universal feature of fibrogenesis, i.e. actively progressive fibrosis.