Venous thromboembolism secondary prophylaxis in elderly people (over 75-year-old) with low-dose direct oral anticoagulants: single-center Italian experience.

Nowadays, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) represent the gold standard for venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment and VTE secondary prophylaxis; nevertheless, the percentage of elderly patients in major trials and literature data about DOACs usage for VTE secondary prophylaxis in the elderly are scant. Our retrospective study tried to evaluate low-dose DOACs efficacy and safety for elderly VTE secondary prophylaxis in a real-life setting. A cohort of 73 patients (≥ 75 years) considered at high risk of VTE recurrence was treated with apixaban 2.

Corrigendum: The molecular tumor board as a step in cancer patient management: a southern Italian experience.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.

Secondary prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) with low dose apixaban or rivaroxaban in major-thrombophilia carriers.

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are widely used for treatment and secondary prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and represent the gold standard for VTE secondary prophylaxis, with low-intensity DOACs administration becoming increasingly used worldwide in such scenario. Albeit widespread DOACs usage there are few literature data regarding their efficacy and safety in major thrombophilia carriers and almost no data is available for low intensity apixaban and rivaroxaban as secondary VTE prophylaxis in such patients. The aim of our study is to evaluate and confront the efficacy and safety of low-dose DOACs for VTE secondary prophylaxis, in major thrombophilia carriers vs patients at high risk of VTE recurrence for other reasons.

The molecular tumor board as a step in cancer patient management: a southern Italian experience.

Introduction: The management of cancer patients follows a Diagnostic Therapeutic and Care Pathway (PDTA) approach, aimed at achieving the optimal balance between care and quality of life. To support this process, precision medicine and innovative technologies [e.g.

An artificial intelligence-based model exploiting H&E images to predict recurrence in negative sentinel lymph-node melanoma patients.

Background: Risk stratification and treatment benefit prediction models are urgent to improve negative sentinel lymph node (SLN-) melanoma patient selection, thus avoiding costly and toxic treatments in patients at low risk of recurrence. To this end, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) could help clinicians to better calculate the recurrence risk and choose whether to perform adjuvant therapy.

Methods: We made use of AI to predict recurrence-free status (RFS) within 2-years from diagnosis in 94 SLN- melanoma patients.

Circulating extracellular vesicles are monitoring biomarkers of anti-PD1 response and enhancer of tumor progression and immunosuppression in metastatic melanoma.

Background: Clinical drawback in checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy (ICI) of metastatic melanoma (MM) is monitoring clinical benefit. Soluble forms of PD1(sPD1) and PD-L1(sPD-L1) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) expressing PD1 and PD-L1 have recently emerged as predictive biomarkers of response. As factors released in the blood, EVs and soluble forms could be relevant in monitoring treatment efficacy and adaptive resistance to ICI.

A deep learning model based on whole slide images to predict disease-free survival in cutaneous melanoma patients.

The application of deep learning on whole-slide histological images (WSIs) can reveal insights for clinical and basic tumor science investigations. Finding quantitative imaging biomarkers from WSIs directly for the prediction of disease-free survival (DFS) in stage I-III melanoma patients is crucial to optimize patient management. In this study, we designed a deep learning-based model with the aim of learning prognostic biomarkers from WSIs to predict 1-year DFS in cutaneous melanoma patients.

Daratumumab triplet therapies in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: A "real world" experience.

We report our retrospective analysis on 34 relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients treated with daratumumab based triplets. Twenty patients were females and 14 males. Median age was 73.

A Patient With Stage III Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Treated With Intra-Arterial Infusion FOLFIRINOX: Impressive Tumoral Response and Death due to Infection: A Unique Case Report.

Patients affected by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have very poor prognosis, whereby at a follow-up of 5 years, the mortality rate is very similar to the incidence rate. Globally, around 10% of patients are amenable to radical surgery at the time of diagnosis, which represents the only chance of cure or long-term survival for these patients. Almost 40% of patients with PDAC show locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC).

PD-L1 and Notch as novel biomarkers in pancreatic sarcomatoid carcinoma: a pilot study.

Background: The improved immunological understanding revealed the tumor microenvironment as an appealing driver to restore the immune response against cancer cells resulting in a paradigm shift in the oncology field. However, the complexity of the tumor milieu suggests the role of several pathways linking in immunomodulation mechanisms. Pancreatic cancer represents a model of the intricate relationship between malignant cells and their surrounding neighborhood.

Cemiplimab in an Elderly Frail Population of Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Center Real-Life Experience From Italy.

Background: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most common skin cancer whose incidence is growing parallel to the lengthening of the average lifespan. Cemiplimab, an antiPD-1 monoclonal antibody, is the first approved immunotherapy for patients with locally advanced CSCC (laCSCC) or metastatic CSCC (mCSCC) thanks to phase I and II studies showing high antitumor activity and good tolerability. Nevertheless, at present, very few data are available regarding cemiplimab in real-life experience and in frail, elderly, and immunosuppressed patients as well as regarding biomarkers able to predict response so as to guide therapeutic choices.

Electrochemotherapy as a Trigger to Overcome Primary Resistance to Anti-PD-1 Treatment: A Case Report of Melanoma of the Scalp.

Background: Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors is one of the main therapies for advanced melanoma. Nevertheless, albeit remarkable, immunotherapy results are still unsatisfactory as more than half of patients progress, and resistance to treatment still has a dramatic impact on clinical outcomes. Local treatments such as radiotherapy or electrochemotherapy (ECT), in addition to local control with palliative intent, have been shown to release tumoral neoantigens that can stimulate a robust systemic antitumor immune response.

uPAR Controls Vasculogenic Mimicry Ability Expressed by Drug-Resistant Melanoma Cells.

Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive skin cancer characterized by an elevated grade of tumor cell plasticity. Such plasticity allows adaptation of melanoma cells to different hostile conditions and guarantees tumor survival and disease progression, including aggressive features such as drug resistance. Indeed, almost 50% of melanoma rapidly develop resistance to the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib, with fast tumor dissemination, a devastating consequence for patients outcomes.

The Interaction between Reactive Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells and Tumor Cells via Extracellular Vesicles Facilitates Colorectal Cancer Dissemination.

Advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly metastatic and often results in peritoneal dissemination. The extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cancer cells in the microenvironment are important mediators of tumor metastasis. We investigated the contribution of EV-mediated interaction between peritoneal mesothelial cells (MCs) and CRC cells in generating a pro-metastatic environment in the peritoneal cavity.

Cellular analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid to narrow differential diagnosis of checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in metastatic melanoma.

Background: The diagnosis of check-point inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) relies on radiological and clinical patterns which are not specific and can mimic other conditions (cancer progression, infectious diseases or interstitial pneumonitis). Cell pattern analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is well-known to support the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease; nevertheless, this analysis is somewhat performed and not required by immune-toxicity management guidelines for CIP.

Methods: We performed BAL analysis in 5 metastatic melanoma (MM) patients who developed CIP among 112 patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors.

Somatostatin Receptors in Merkel-Cell Carcinoma: A Therapeutic Opportunity Using Somatostatin Analog Alone or in Association With Checkpoint Inhibitors Immunotherapy. A Case Report.

Merkel-cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly aggressive skin cancer typically involving elderly people. Surgery is usually the first treatment for primary tumor. In adjuvant setting, radiotherapy is effective in reducing local recurrence and in improving overall survival.

CD33 and SIGLECL1 Immunoglobulin Superfamily Involved in Dementia.

Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins, which are predominantly expressed in immune cells, represent a family of immunomodulatory receptors with inhibitory and activating signals, in both healthy and disease states. Genetic factors are important in all forms of dementia, especially in early onset dementia. CD33 was recently recognized as a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD).

The β-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol offsets resistance mechanisms to chemotherapeutics in diverse sarcoma subtypes: a pilot study.

Standard chemotherapy for soft tissue sarcomas has shown limited efficacy. Here, we sought to evaluate whether β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signalling contributed to the progression of sarcomas and therapy resistance. To assess the translational potential of β-adrenergic receptors, we performed immunohistochemical detection of β1-AR, β2-AR and β3-AR in leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma and angiosarcoma tissue specimens, reporting the results scored for the intensity.

Roles of Transposable Elements in the Different Layers of Gene Expression Regulation.

The biology of transposable elements (TEs) is a fascinating and complex field of investigation. TEs represent a substantial fraction of many eukaryotic genomes and can influence many aspects of DNA function that range from the evolution of genetic information to duplication, stability, and gene expression. Their ability to move inside the genome has been largely recognized as a double-edged sword, as both useful and deleterious effects can result.

The Management of Oligoprogression in the Landscape of New Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma.

: A limited degree of progression after a response to treatment is labelled as oligoprogression and is a hot topic of metastatic melanoma (MM) management. Rogue progressive metastases could benefit from local treatment, which could allow the continuation of ongoing systemic therapy, also known as treatment beyond progression (TBP). : We retrospectively reviewed 214 selected MM patients who developed oligoprogression during treatment with v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF)/mitogen-activated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) or programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and received a local treatment continuing TBP.

Molecular Characterization of a Long-Term Survivor Double Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Treated with Gefitinib in Combination with Gemcitabine Plus Nab-Paclitaxel and mFOLFOX6 as First and Second Line Therapy.

The management of multiple primary cancers, an event not so infrequent in oncology practice, is a critical issue due to the lack of literature. In this study, we reported the case of a patient with non-small cell metastatic lung cancer (NSCLC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) who received gefitinib in combination with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel and with mFOLFOX6 in first and second line, respectively. It achieved a progression-free survival and a28-months overall survival (OS) for NSCLC and PFS-1 and OS of 20 and 13 months, respectively for PDAC.