Performance of Serum Quad Test in Screening for Fetal Down Syndrome in a Large-Scale Unselected Population in a Developing Country.

To assess the effectiveness of Quad test in the detection of Down syndrome (DS) in routine practice among a large-scale population and to compare the effectiveness of Quad test based on the Western reference model (WM) and that based on Thai reference model (TM). Quad test was performed on 42,769 pregnancies at 14-21 weeks. The fetal risk of DS derived from Quad test was automatically computed based on WM and used in evaluating the effectiveness.

Fetal Atrial Flutter Associated with Atrial Septal Aneurysm.

To provide evidence that fetal atrial flutter (AF) caused by atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) can be completely cured by delivery. Cases series of three fetuses with ASA complicated by AF in late gestation, including hydrops fetalis in one case, were collected and completely followed up. AF in all cases completely disappeared shortly after birth.

The Accelerated Right Ventricular Failure in Fetal Anemia in the Presence of Restrictive Foramen Ovale.

To describe serious hemodynamic changes secondary to anemia in the case of restrictive foramen ovale (FO). A 43-year-old pregnant woman, G4P0030, underwent fetal echocardiography at 35 weeks of gestation and was found to have (1) restrictive FO; (2) poor right ventricular function; (3) unbalanced hemodynamics; (4) fetal anemia (high MCA-PSV and hepatosplenomegaly). Acid-elution test indicated feto-maternal hemorrhage.

Fetal heart rate tracing interpretation in cases of fetal heart block: A case series.

Simple assessment of FHR baseline variability can differentiate second-degree heart block (SHB) from complete heart block (CHB). In cases of SHB, antepartum NST can be reliably used for fetal surveillance. Intrapartum assessment of FHR variability and accelerations is useful to select cases for safe vaginal delivery.

Effectiveness of ultrasound algorithm in prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobin Bart's disease among pregnancies at risk.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound algorithm in diagnosis of fetal Hb Bart's disease among pregnancies at risk.

Methods: Pregnancies at risk underwent ultrasound for the first time at 12-14 weeks of gestation and serial ultrasound every 2-4 weeks until 24 weeks to identify pre-hydropic signs. The invasive procedure was omitted in case of no pre-hydropic signs.

Comparison of the Performances of Middle Cerebral Artery Peak Systolic Velocity and Cardiothoracic Diameter Ratio in Predicting Fetal Anemia: Using Fetal Hemoglobin Bart's Disease as a Study Model.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the performances of cardiothoracic diameter ratio (CTR) and middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) in predicting fetal hemoglobin (Hb) Bart's disease and identify the best CTR cut-off for each gestational period.

Methods: Pregnancies at risk of fetal Hb Bart's disease (gestational ages of 12-36 weeks) were prospectively recruited to undergo ultrasound examination. The measurements of CTR and MCA-PSV were performed and recorded before invasive diagnosis.

Fetal Hemodynamic Response to Anemia in Early Gestation: Using Hemoglobin Bart's Disease as a Study Model.

Objective:  To assess fetal hemodynamic changes in response to anemia in early gestation, using fetal Hb Bart's disease as a study model.

Methods:  A prospective study was conducted on pregnancies at risk for fetal Hb Bart's disease at 12-14 weeks of gestation. Fetal hemodynamics were comprehensively assessed by 2D ultrasound, Doppler velocity, and cardio-STIC just prior to the invasive procedure for diagnosis.

Fetal Hemodynamic Responses to Arterial Occlusion of Acardiac Twins.

The objective of this study was to comprehensively assess fetal hemodynamic adaptions to occlusive procedures. Twin pregnancies complicated with acardiac twin and hydrops fetalis of the pump twin were recruited. The occlusive procedures - either alcoholization, radiofrequency ablation, coil embolization or occlusive glue - were performed under ultrasound guidance.

First trimester genetic sonogram for screening fetal Down syndrome: A population-based study.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of first trimester sonomarkers in the detection of fetal Down syndrome among Thai pregnant women.

Materials And Methods: Pregnant women at 11-13 weeks' gestation underwent ultrasound examination for assessment of nuchal translucency (NT), nasal bone (NB), tricuspid regurgitation (TR), and abnormal ductus venosus (aDV) Doppler waveforms. The women were followed up for final outcomes.

Withdrawn: Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers of Cordocentesis Blood in Response to Fetal Anemia.

Unlabelled: Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been withdrawn. Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused. The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.

Comparison of pregnancy outcomes after second trimester amniocentesis between procedures performed by experts and non-experts.

Objectives: To compare the rate of fetal loss in pregnancy after second trimester amniocentesis between procedures performed by experts and non-experts and to assess other pregnancy complications as secondary outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on singleton pregnancies that underwent mid-trimester amniocenteses in a single institution. The fetal loss rates of procedures performed by experts and non-experts were collected and analyzed.

Calcium Consumption During Pregnancy: A Multicenter Study in a Middle-Income Country in Southeast Asia.

Objective: To perform a cross-sectional observational study of calcium consumption among pregnant women from multicenter tertiary care hospitals in the middle-income country in Southeast Asia.

Study Design: A cross-sectional observational study.

Setting: The study was conducted in four geographical regions (northern, northeastern, southern, and central) of Thailand.

Depressive Symptoms Associated with Low Quality of Life Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women Living with HIV in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Background Or Objectives: Women living with HIV (WLHIV) are at increased risk of depression. In pregnancy, depression could affect health and pregnancy outcomes, as well as child rearing. We assessed depressive symptoms and quality of life of WLHIV during the perinatal period.

Individual and Composite Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in a Randomized Trial on Isoniazid Preventative Therapy Among Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Background: International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) P1078, a randomized noninferiority study designed to compare the safety of starting isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) either during pregnancy or after delivery, showed that IPT during pregnancy increased the risk of composite adverse pregnancy outcomes, but not individual outcomes. Many known factors are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes: these factors' associations and effect modifications with IPT and pregnancy outcomes were examined.

Methods: Pregnant women living with HIV from 8 countries with tuberculosis incidences >60/100 000 were randomly assigned to initiate 28 weeks of IPT either during pregnancy or at 12 weeks after delivery.

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: protocol for a one-arm, open-label intervention study to estimate the optimal timing of tenofovir in pregnancy.

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a public health threat and the main route of transmission is from mother to child (MTCT). Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) treatment can reduce MTCT of HBV although the optimal timing to attain undetectable HBV DNA concentrations at delivery is unknown. This protocol describes the procedures following early initiation of maternal TDF prior to 20 weeks gestation to determine efficacy, safety and feasibility of this approach in a limited-resource setting.

Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Isoniazid and Efavirenz in Pregnant Women Living With HIV in High TB Incidence Settings: Importance of Genotyping.

The World Health Organization guidelines recommend that individuals living with HIV receive ≥ 6 months of isoniazid preventive therapy, including pregnant women. Yet, plasma isoniazid exposure during pregnancy, in the antiretroviral therapy era, has not been well-described. We investigated pregnancy-induced and pharmacogenetic-associated pharmacokinetic changes and drug-drug interactions between isoniazid and efavirenz in pregnant women.

Fetal Heart Diameter as a Predictor of Hemoglobin Bart Disease at Midpregnancy.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of the fetal heart diameter (HD) in predicting fetal hemoglobin (Hb) Bart disease at midpregnancy.

Methods: Video clips of fetal chest ultrasound examinations performed on fetuses at risk of Hb Bart disease at 18 to 22 weeks' gestation were randomly retrieved from our video clip database. The clips were replayed for fetal HD measurements, and the measured HDs were converted to z scores based on the z score model as a function of biparietal diameter.

Comparisons of pregnancy outcomes between twin pregnancies with and without second-trimester amniocentesis.

Objective: To assess the amniocentesis-related pregnancy loss rate and preterm birth rate among twin pregnancies undergoing amniocentesis.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary center. The study group included twin pregnancies undergoing amniocentesis during 16 to 22 weeks of gestation.

Prenatal screening of DiGeorge (22q11.2 deletion) syndrome by abnormalities of the great arteries among Thai pregnant women.

Objective: 22q11.2DS (deletion syndrome) is one of the common serious anomalies resulting in high perinatal morbidity and mortality rate. Nevertheless, prenatal diagnosis of 22q11.

A comparison of pregnancy outcomes after second-trimester amniocentesis between cases with penetration of the placenta and nonpenetration.

Objective: To compare the fetal loss rate associated with second-trimester amniocentesis between the procedures with penetration and nonpenetration of the placenta, as a primary outcome and to compare the rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and low birth weight, as secondary outcomes.

Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on women undergoing second-trimester amniocentesis. Our prospective database of amniocentesis, from January 1989 to December 2018, was accessed to retrieve the records meeting the inclusion criteria consisting of singleton pregnancies, gestational age of 16-22 weeks, and known obstetric outcomes.

Giant choledochal cyst and infantile polycystic kidneys as prenatal sonographic features of Caroli syndrome.

Caroli syndrome is a developmental disorder caused by complete or partial arrest of ductal plate remodeling, leading to dilated bile ducts along with fibrosis surrounding the portal tracts. It is most commonly associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney (ARPKD). We report a unique case of Caroli syndrome, diagnosed prenatally at 24 weeks of gestation in a 29-year-old Thai woman.

Z Score Reference Ranges of Fetal Cardiac Output From 12 to 40 Weeks of Pregnancy.

Objectives: To develop the Z score reference ranges of fetal cardiac output (CO) in healthy fetuses from 12 to 40 weeks of pregnancy.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken among low-risk singleton pregnancies with healthy fetuses between 12 and 40 weeks. The right ventricular cardiac output (RCO), left ventricular cardiac output (LCO), and combined cardiac output (CCO) were measured by 2-dimensional ultrasound with the Doppler velocity of the aorta and pulmonary arteries.

Prenatal diagnosis and management of homozygous hemoglobin constant spring disease.

Objective: To describe fetal management of homozygous hemoglobin constant spring (Hb CS).

Methods: Six fetuses with homozygous Hb CS disease undergoing intrauterine transfusion (IUT) were comprehensively reviewed. Additionally, when combined with 8 cases previously reported, a total of 14 cases were analyzed.

The best cutoff value of middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity for the diagnosis of fetal homozygous alpha thalassemia-1 disease.

Objective: To determine the best cutoff value of middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) for the diagnosis of fetuses with homozygous alpha thalassemia-1 disease.

Methods: Pregnancies at risk for fetal homozygous alpha thalassemia-1 disease at 18 to 22 weeks were recruited. MCA-PSV was measured before cordocentesis for hemoglobin typing and complete blood count.