The role of environmental efficiency and economic development in fertility: implications for public health and sustainability among OECD nations.

Introduction: As global economies rapidly develop, the interplay between environmental efficiency, economic development, and public health outcomes has gained significant attention. Air pollution and resource-intensive economic activities threaten both environmental sustainability and human health, including reproductive health and overall well-being.

Methods: This study focuses on OECD member countries, using data from 1999 to 2021.