Identification of the High-Affinity Potassium Transporter Gene Family (HKT) in U-Triangle Species and Its Potential Roles in Abiotic Stress in L.

Members of the high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT) protein family regulate the uptake and homeostasis of sodium and potassium ions, but little research describes their roles in response to abiotic stresses in rapeseed ( L.). In this study, we identified and characterized a total of 36 genes from the species comprising the triangle of U model (U-triangle species): , , , , , and .

RNA-seq provides insights into potato deubiquitinase responses to drought stress in seedling stage.

Ubiquitination is a specific protein degradation and reversible post-translational modification process that can be reversed by deubiquitinase (DUBs). DUBs can hydrolyze and release ubiquitin in the substrate protein so that the substrate can avoid degradation or change its activity, and it has an impact on plant growth and development, cell cycle, abiotic stress response, and other biological processes. Transcript sequences of potato varieties "DM1-3", "Atlantic" and "Cooperation-88" downloaded from Potato Genome Resources were used for genome-wide identification of the DUB gene family using Hidden Markov Models and verified in the NCBI CD-Search tool.

Comparative genomic analyses reveal the genetic basis of the yellow-seed trait in Brassica napus.

Yellow-seed trait is a desirable breeding characteristic of rapeseed (Brassica napus) that could greatly improve seed oil yield and quality. However, the underlying mechanisms controlling this phenotype in B. napus plants are difficult to discern because of their complexity.

Comparison of Depth-Specific Prediction of Soil Properties: MIR vs. Vis-NIR Spectroscopy.

The prediction of soil properties at different depths is an important research topic for promoting the conservation of black soils and the development of precision agriculture. Mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR, 2500-25000 nm) has shown great potential in predicting soil properties. This study aimed to explore the ability of MIR to predict soil organic matter (OM) and total nitrogen (TN) at five different depths with the calibration from the whole depth (0-100 cm) or the shallow layers (0-40 cm) and compare its performance with visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (vis-NIR, 350-2500 nm).

Scalable high -factor Fano resonance from air-mode photonic crystal nanobeam cavity.

Fano resonance from photonic crystal nanobeam cavity (PCNC) is important building block for large-scale photonic integrated circuits (PICs) to enable photonic switches and sensors with superior characteristics. Nevertheless, most state-of-the-art demonstrations rely on electron beam lithography (EBL) and operate in dielectric mode. Hence, we theoretically, numerically and experimentally present the characteristics of Fano resonance from optical interference between the discrete state of air-mode PCNC and the continuum mode of side-coupled line-defect waveguide with partially transmitting element (PTE) using deep ultraviolet (DUV) lithography for the first time.

Effect of capping mode on control of phosphorus release from sediment by lanthanum hydroxide.

The use of in situ active capping to control phosphorus release from sediment has attracted more and more attentions in recent years. It is important to identify the effect of capping mode on the control of phosphorus release from sediment by the in situ active capping method. In this study, the impact of capping mode on the restraint of phosphorus migration from sediment into overlying water (OW) by lanthanum hydroxide (LH) was studied.

Comparative transcriptome analysis identifies candidate genes related to seed coat color in rapeseed.

Yellow seed coat in rapeseed () is a desirable trait that can be targeted to improve the quality of this oilseed crop. To better understand the inheritance mechanism of the yellow-seeded trait, we performed transcriptome profiling of developing seeds in yellow- and black-seeded rapeseed with different backgrounds. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during seed development showed significant characteristics, these genes were mainly enriched for the Gene Ontology (GO) terms carbohydrate metabolic process, lipid metabolic process, photosynthesis, and embryo development.

Genome-Wide Association Study of Glucosinolate Metabolites (mGWAS) in L.

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are secondary plant metabolites that are enriched in rapeseed and related species, and they play important roles in defense due to their anti-nutritive and toxic properties. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study of six glucosinolate metabolites (mGWAS) in rapeseed, including three aliphatic glucosinolates (m145 gluconapin, m150 glucobrassicanapin and m151 progoitrin), one aromatic glucosinolate (m157 gluconasturtiin) and two indole glucosinolates (m165 indolylmethyl glucosinolate and m172 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin), respectively. We identified 113 candidate intervals significantly associated with these six glucosinolate metabolites.

Microring resonator based on polarization multiplexing for simultaneous sensing of refractive index and temperature on silicon platform.

Silicon photonic integrated sensors based on microring resonators are a promising candidate to achieve high-performance on-chip sensing. In this work, a novel dual-parameters sensor based on polarization multiplexing on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform is proposed and demonstrated experimentally, simultaneously achieving refractive index (RI) and temperature sensing with high sensitivity and large detection range (DR). The experimental results show that the RI sensitivity and temperature sensitivity of the TM-operated sensor are 489.

Controlling of spatial modes in multi-mode photonic crystal nanobeam cavity.

We numerically and experimentally present the characteristics of disturbed spatial modes (air mode and dielectric mode) in multi-mode photonic crystal nanobeam cavity (PCNC) in the mid-infrared wavelength range. The results show that the resonance wavelength of the spatial modes can be controlled by modifying the size, period and position of the central periodical mirrors in PCNC, achieving better utilization of the spectrum resource. Additionally, side coupling characteristics of PCNC supporting both air and dielectric modes are investigated for the first time.

Thermo-optically tunable slot waveguide-based dual mode-splitting resonators with enhanced sharp lineshapes.

Slot waveguide plays an essential role in achieving high-performance on-chip photonic sensors and nonlinear devices. Ideally, slot waveguide features a large evanescent field ratio and strong electric field intensity in the slot, leading to a high waveguide sensitivity. Unfortunately, the microring resonator (MRR) based on the slot waveguide suffers the less steep spectral slope due to the low quality factor induced by the huge optical propagation loss of the slot waveguide.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the mechanism of seed coat color formation in Brassica rapa L.

Multi-omics analysis of the transcriptome, metabolome and genome identified major and minor loci and candidate genes for seed coat color and explored the mechanism of flavonoid metabolites biosynthesis in Brassica rapa. Yellow seed trait is considered an agronomically desirable trait with great potential for improving seed quality of Brassica crops. Mechanisms of the yellow seed trait are complex and not well understood.

TET1 mutations as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitors in colon adenocarcinoma.

Background: The ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1), which is essential for active DNA demethylation, plays a multifaceted role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. The study has demonstrated the association of TET1 mutations with a high response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in diverse cancers. However, the relationship between TET1 mutations and the response to ICIs in colon cancer is still lacking.

Genome-Wide Identification of the Gene Family in and Its Potential Association with Heavy Metal Stress in Rapeseed.

The TIFY gene family plays important roles in various plant biological processes and responses to stress and hormones. The chromosome-level genome of the species has been released, but knowledge concerning the TIFY family is lacking in the species. The current study performed a bioinformatics analysis on the TIFY family comparing three diploid (, , and ) and two derived allotetraploid species (, and ).

Significant loss of soil inorganic carbon at the continental scale.

Widespread soil acidification due to atmospheric acid deposition and agricultural fertilization may greatly accelerate soil carbonate dissolution and CO release. However, to date, few studies have addressed these processes. Here, we use meta-analysis and nationwide-survey datasets to investigate changes in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) stocks in China.

Metabolite Profiling and Transcriptome Analysis Provide Insight into Seed Coat Color in .

The allotetraploid species (mustard) is grown worldwide as oilseed and vegetable crops; the yellow seed-color trait is particularly important for oilseed crops. Here, to examine the factors affecting seed coat color, we performed a metabolic and transcriptomic analysis of yellow- and dark-seeded . seeds.

Wide-range, ultra-compact, and high-sensitivity ring resonator biochemical sensor with CMOS-compatible hybrid plasmonic waveguide.

A ring resonator-based biochemistry sensor with a wide range, ultra-compact footprint, and high sensitivity is proposed, which utilizes a suspended slot hybrid plasmonic (SSHP) waveguide. The waveguide consists of a suspended Si nanowire separated from a Cu metal surface by a nanoscale air gap. The hybridization of fundamental mode of a Si channel waveguide with the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode of Cu-Si interface achieves a strong light confinement, high waveguide sensitivity (Sw), and low optical loss, showing a great potential in integrated optical sensor.

Low-loss silicon nitride strip-slot mode converter based on MMI.

Slot waveguide has attracted a lot of attention due to its ability to confine light in the low refractive index region, while strip waveguide acts as the basic component of guiding light due to its relatively low optical loss. In the multifunctional photonic integrated chips, it is critical to achieve the low loss transition between the strip waveguide and the slot waveguide. In this work, a silicon nitride strip-slot mode converter with high efficiency, large bandwidth, and large fabrication tolerance are proposed and demonstrated through the numerical investigation and experiments.

Genome-wide identification of U-box genes and protein ubiquitination under PEG-induced drought stress in potato.

Protein ubiquitination is one of the most important posttranslational modifications in eukaryotic cells, and it is involved in a variety of biological processes, including abiotic stress response. The ubiquitination modification is highly specific, which depends on the accurate recognition of substrate proteins by ubiquitin ligase. Plant U-box (PUB) proteins are a class of ubiquitin ligases, multiple members of which have shown to participate in water-deficit stress in Arabidopsis and rice.

Distribution and bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in industrially contaminated site soils as affected by thermal treatment.

Thermal treatment can not only efficiently remove volatile pollutants but also distinctly alter the speciation of organic carbon (C) and the behaviors of residual pollutants in contaminated soils. Here we examined the distribution and bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in industrially contaminated site soils affected by thermal treatment (temperature ranging of 105-650 ℃) using synchrotron-based infrared microspectroscopy and n-butanol extraction (a mild solvent extractant). In the pristine soils, the sequestration and distribution of PAHs were simultaneously controlled by aromatic C, aliphatic C and clay minerals.

Demonstration of mid-infrared slow light one-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator with high-order photonic bandgap.

Integrated mid-infrared sensing offers opportunities for the compact, selective, label-free and non-invasive detection of the absorption fingerprints of many chemical compounds, which is of great scientific and technological importance. To achieve high sensitivity, the key is to boost the interaction between light and analytes. So far, approaches like leveraging the slow light effect, increasing optical path length and enhancing the electric field confinement (f) in the analyte are envisaged.

Genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) gene family and their expression profiling in Brassica napus under abiotic stress.

Background: Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are signaling enzymes that play pivotal roles in response to abiotic and biotic stresses by phosphorylating diacylglycerol (DAG) to form phosphatidic acid (PA). However, no comprehensive analysis of the DGK gene family had previously been reported in B. napus and its diploid progenitors (B.

Modeling and design of a coupled PhC slab sensor for simultaneous detection of refractive index and temperature with strong anti-interference ability.

In this paper, we propose a coupled-double-photonic-crystal-slab (CDPCS) sensor for simultaneously detecting refractive index (RI) and temperature (T) with high accuracy and strong anti-interference ability, using transverse magnetic-like (TM-like) mode and transverse electric-like (TE-like) mode. Based on the temporal coupled-mode theory, the theoretical model of the structure is established and the transmission formula is derived. The agreement between the theoretical and the simulated transmission spectra is proved.

Genome-wide identification AINTEGUMENTA-like (AIL) genes in Brassica species and expression patterns during reproductive development in Brassica napus L.

The AINTEGUMENTA-like (AIL) proteins, which belong to the AP2 family, play important roles in regulating the growth and development of plant organs. The AIL family has not yet been comprehensively studied in rapeseed (Brassica napus), an allotetraploid and model organism for the study of polyploid evolution. In the present study, 99 AIL family genes were identified and characterized from B.

Integration of MEMS IR detectors with MIR waveguides for sensing applications.

Waveguides have been utilized for label-free and miniaturized mid-infrared gas sensors that operate on the evanescent field absorption principle. For integrated systems, photodetectors based on the photocarrier generation principle are previously integrated with waveguides. However, due to the thermal excitation of carriers at room temperature, they suffer from large dark currents and noise in the long-wavelength region.