Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Dementia: Evidence Triangulation from a Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies and Mendelian Randomization Study.

Objective: Observational studies have found associations between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and vascular dementia (VD); however, these findings are inconsistent. It remains unclear whether these associations are causal.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis by systematically searching for observational studies on the association between IBD and dementia.

Reactivity of unactivated peroxymonosulfate and peroxyacetic acid with thioether micropollutants: Mechanisms and rate prediction.

Thioether compounds, prevalent in pharmaceuticals, are of growing environmental concern due to their prevalence and potential toxicity. Peroxy chemicals, including peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxyacetic acid (PAA), hold promise for selectively attacking specific thioether moieties. Still, it has been unclear how chemical structures affect the interactions between thioethers and peroxy chemicals.

T-2 toxin induces mitochondrial dysfunction in chondrocytes via the p53-cyclophilin D pathway.

Kashin-Beck disease is an endemic joint disease characterized by deep chondrocyte necrosis, and T-2 toxin exposure has been confirmed its etiology. This study investigated mechanism of T-2 toxin inducing mitochondrial dysfunction of chondrocytes through p53-cyclophilin D (CypD) pathway. The p53 signaling pathway was significantly enriched in T-2 toxin response genes from GeneCards.

Cost-of-illness of gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus in Chinese children less than 5 years.

Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) caused by rotavirus (RV) remains a public health issue in China. To accelerate the mass rotavirus vaccination, it is important to inform the policy maker, and the public of the economic burden caused by rotavirus infection. A meta-analysis was conducted applying standardized algorithms.

Possible association between cerebral white matter atrophy and impaired performance of activities of daily living in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: The contribution of brain abnormalities in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) to impaired functional status remains uncertain. Our study assessed whether global and regional brain structural abnormalities are associated with impaired performance of activities of daily living (ADL) in PD patients.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 46 patients with PD, recruited prospectively from a movement disorder clinic.

Proteomics Sequencing Reveals the Role of TGF-β Signaling Pathway in the Peripheral Blood of Offspring Rats Exposed to Fluoride.

The underlying mechanism of fluorosis has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of fluorosis induced by sodium fluoride (NaF) using proteomics. Six offspring rats exposed to fluoride without dental fluorosis were defined as group A, 8 offspring rats without fluoride exposure were defined as control group B, and 6 offspring rats exposed to fluoride with dental fluorosis were defined as group C.

Burnout and job stress of anesthesiologists in the tertiary class A hospitals in Northwest China: A cross-sectional design.

Purpose: Our purpose was to assess job stress and burnout among anesthesiologists in the tertiary class A hospitals in Northwest China, analyze the possible causes and adverse consequences of increased job stress and burnout of anesthesiologists in this region, and put forward suggestions in combination with the current national policies.

Methods: We sent 500 electronic questionnaires to all anesthesiologists practicing in the tertiary class A hospitals in Northwest China from 1960 to 2017 on April 2020. A total of 336 (67.

Molecular epidemiology analysis of symptomatic and asymptomatic norovirus infections in Chinese infants.

Background: Norovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis among children. Previous studies based on symptomatic infections indicated that mutations, rather than recombination drove the evolution of the norovirus ORF2. These characteristics were found in hospital-based symptomatic infections, whereas, asymptomatic infections are frequent and contribute significantly to transmission.

Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the dose-response relationship with three major antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: The efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in preventing severe COVID-19 illness and death is uncertain due to the rarity of data in individual trials. How well the antibody concentrations can predict the efficacy is also uncertain. We aimed to assess the efficacy of these vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections of different severities and the dose-response relationship between the antibody concentrations and efficacy.

Regular Glucosamine Use May Have Different Roles in the Risk of Site-Specific Cancers: Findings from a Large Prospective Cohort.

Background: Previous studies indicated that glucosamine supplements may have a general anticancer effect. This study aimed to assess whether the potential effect differs across different types of cancers in a large prospective cohort study.

Methods: All participants from the UK Biobank who were free of cancers and had complete information on glucosamine use at baseline were included and followed up from 2006 until 2021.

The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant nimotuzumab for gastric cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.

Introduction: The efficacy of neoadjuvant nimotuzumab for gastric cancer remained controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the efficacy of neoadjuvant nimotuzumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

Methods: We have searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through May 2019, and included randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of neoadjuvant nimotuzumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

Global cortical atrophy may be associated with fatigue in patients with parkinson's disease.

Purpose: Fatigue has been recognized as a common non-motor problem in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The determination of the clinical correlates of fatigue in PD patients is necessary. The purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors related to the severity of fatigue in PD.

[Soil enzyme activities and their stoichiometry of typical plantations in mid-subtropical China].

We measured the activities of six kinds of enzyme, including β-glucosidase (BG), β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), acid phosphatase (AP), polyphenol oxidase (POX), peroxidase (POD), as well as enzyme stoichiometric ratios and soil physical and chemical properties at 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers across typical Pinus massoniana plantation, Pinus elliottii plantation and mixed plantation of P. massoniana and Schima superba (broadleaved-conifer mixed plantation) in mid-subtropical China. Key factors driving the variation in soil enzyme activity and stoichiometry among different stand types were investigated.

[Bmi-1-siRNA Regulates the Proliferation of K562 Leukemia Cells in vitro and in vivo by PTEN/pAKT Pathway].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Bmi-1 gene silence on the proliferation ability of K562 cells in vitro and in vivo, and to explore the relation of molecular mechanism between proliferation ability of K562 cells in vitro and in vivo with PTEN/pAKT signaling pathway.

Methods: The Bmi-1 small interference RNA (siRNA) sequences were transfected into K562 cells for decreasing Bmi-1 expression. The effect of Bmi-1 siRNA on the proliferation of K562 cells in vitro and in vivo was detected by MTT method and colony-forming test, the effect of Bmi-1 siRNA on the tumorogenicity of K562 cells was observed by subcutaneous inoculation of K562 cells, LY294002 and Bpv treated K562 cells in nude mice, the expression of Bmi-1, PTEN and pAKT proteins were detected by Western blot.

Adult-onset mitochondrial encephalopathy in association with the T10158C mutation exhibits unique characteristics: A case report.

Background: Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogenous group of multisystemic disorders caused by genetic mutations affecting mitochondrial oxidation function. Brain involvement is commonly found in most cases but rarely as the unique clinical manifestation. Since the knowledge of its clinical manifestation combined with genetic testing is important for preventing misdiagnosis and delay in treatment, we report here how we diagnosed and managed a very unusual case of mitochondrial encephalopathy.

Diterpene synthases facilitating production of the kaurane skeleton of eriocalyxin B in the medicinal plant Isodon eriocalyx.

The Isodon plants (Lamiaceae) have been used in traditional Chinese medicine to alleviate sufferings from inflammations and cancers. This feature has been attributed to the presence of pharmacologically active ent-kaurane diterpenoids such as eriocalyxin B and oridonin. The Isodon eriocalyx (Dunn) Kudô species native to southwest China can accumulate a particularly high content of ent-kaurane diterpenoids (∼1.

A Monooxygenase from Boreostereum vibrans Catalyzes Oxidative Decarboxylation in a Divergent Vibralactone Biosynthesis Pathway.

The oxidative decarboxylation of prenyl 4-hydroxybenzoate to prenylhydroquinone has been frequently proposed for the biosynthesis of prenylated (hydro)quinone derivates (sometimes meroterpenoids), yet no corresponding genes or enzymes have so far been reported. A FAD-binding monooxygenase (VibMO1) was identified that converts prenyl 4-hydroxybenzoate into prenylhydroquinone and is likely involved in the biosynthesis of vibralactones and other meroterpenoids in the basidiomycete Boreostereum vibrans. Feeding of 3-allyl-4-hydroxybenzylalcohol, an analogue of the vibralactone pathway intermediate 3-prenyl-4-hydroxybenzylalcohol, generated 20 analogues with different scaffolds.

Long-term Efficacy of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: A 5-year Follow-up Study in China.

Background: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) is effective against advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), allowing dramatic improvement of Parkinsonism, in addition to a significant reduction in medication. Here we aimed to investigate the long-term effect of STN DBS in Chinese PD patients, which has not been thoroughly studied in China.

Methods: Ten PD patients were assessed before DBS and followed up 1, 3, and 5 years later using Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (UPDRS III), Parkinson's Disease Questionnatire-39, Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale-Chinese Version, Mini-mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale.

Naphthomycins L-N, ansamycin antibiotics from Streptomyces sp. CS.

Previous analyses of the naphthomycin biosynthetic gene cluster and a comparison with known naphthomycin-type products from Streptomyces sp. CS have suggested that new products can be found from this strain. In this study, screening by LC-MS of Streptomyces sp.

A cyanobacterial toxin, microcystin-LR, induces apoptosis of sertoli cells by changing the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins.

Toxic cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater have been considered as threats to human health. Microcystins are a family of cyclic polypeptides produced by cyanobacteria and are toxic to plants and animals. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is the most toxic variant among the microcystin family and could cause oxidative stress in various organs, including the reproduction system.

Two new chroman derivations from the endophytic Penicillium sp. DCS523.

Strain DCS523 was isolated from the branch tissue of Daphniphyllum longeracemosum and determined to be a Penicillium sp. according to the ITS sequence analysis. The extracts from the PDA solid fermentation media of Penicillium sp.