Publications by authors named "Fu-Sheng Wang"
Article Synopsis
- Seven new loganin derivatives (A-G) and fourteen known compounds were extracted from the flowers of Gentiana delavayi Franch, with their structures confirmed using advanced analytical techniques.
- Compound 7 exhibited strong inhibitory effects on the production of amyloid beta peptides (Aβ40 and Aβ42), which are associated with Alzheimer's disease, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent.
- Molecular docking studies showed that compound 7 interacts with the BACE1 enzyme, which plays a key role in Alzheimer's pathology, through both hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions.
There exists a pressing need for a non-invasive panel that differentiates mild fibrosis from non-fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In this work, we applied quantitative lipidomics and sterolomics on sera from the PERSONS cohort with biopsy-based histological assessment of liver pathology. We trained a lasso regression model using quantitative omics data and clinical variables, deriving a combinatorial panel of lipids and clinical indices that differentiates mild fibrosis (>F1, n = 324) from non-fibrosis (F0, n = 195), with an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) at 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmoking is prevalent among people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and it increases morbidity and mortality in this population. However, due to ethical constraints, there is limited information on the effects of smoking on susceptibility to HIV infection. To investigate whether smoking is associated with an increased susceptibility to HIV infection, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of individuals of European ancestry who have ever smoked (n = 99,996) and have HIV (n = 412,130).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreased CD4GNLY T cells have been confirmed to be inversely associated with CD4 T cell count in immunological non-responders (INRs), however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of CD4GNLY T cells and their relationship with immune restoration. Single-cell RNA sequencing, single-cell TCR sequencing, and flow cytometry were used to analyze the frequency, phenotypes, and function of CD4GNLY T cells.
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- Triplostegia glandulifera (T. glandulifera) is a traditional medicine used in Yunnan, China, for treating kidney issues, but its active compounds and protective effects are not well-documented.
- This study extracted two polysaccharide fractions, TGB and TGC, revealing TGB's lower molecular weight and beneficial monosaccharide profile including D-galacturonic acid and D-glucose.
- The research demonstrated that TGB has strong antioxidant properties, improves kidney function, and reduces damage in both a lab cell model and diabetic mice, suggesting its effectiveness in combatting diabetic nephropathy.
Article Synopsis
- This study examined the effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy on patients who tested positive for COVID-19 for over 30 days, comparing those who received the therapy to those who did not.
- The analysis involved a retrospective look at various patient demographics, treatment strategies, and outcomes, focusing on negative test conversion rates at different time points after therapy initiation.
- Results showed no significant difference in negative conversion rates between the two groups on the fifth, tenth, and fifteenth days after treatment, indicating that convalescent plasma therapy may not have a notable impact on the recovery process in these patients.
Background And Aims: Data on the safety and effectiveness of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) plus peginterferon-alpha (Peg-IFN-α) in children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are lacking. The current study aimed to present the characteristics of four pediatric CHB patients who obtained a functional cure by using TAF and Peg-IFN-α.
Methods: In this case series study initiated in May 2019, ten children who had no clinical symptoms or signs received response-guided (HBV DNA undetectable, hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg] loss or seroconversion, and hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] loss or seroconversion) and functional cure-targeted (HBsAg loss or seroconversion) TAF (25 mg/d, orally) plus Peg-IFN-α-2b (180 µg/1.
Background: T-cell responses can be protective or detrimental during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection; however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood.
Methods: In this study, we screened 144 15-mer peptides spanning the SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleocapsid (NP), M, ORF8, ORF10, and ORF3a proteins and 39 reported SARS-CoV-1 peptides in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from nine laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients (five moderate and four severe cases) and nine healthy donors (HDs) collected before the COVID-19 pandemic. T-cell responses were monitored by IFN-γ and IL-17A production using ELISA, and the positive samples were sequenced for the T cell receptor (TCR) β chain.
HIV-1 chronically infects host CD4 T lymphocytes and further affects a variety of immune cells, including CD8 T cells. In our previous study, by analyzing unbiased high-dimensional single-cell RNA-seq data (scRNA-seq), we found that the frequency of GZMKCD8 T cells expressing granzyme K (GZMK) was increased in people living with HIV-1 (PLWHs). However, the phenotypic and functional characteristics of these cells in chronic HIV-1 infection and their correlation with disease are not well understood.
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- Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) significantly affects the quality of life and clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis, but it is difficult to diagnose promptly due to complex methods.
- A study involving 673 healthy individuals and 905 cirrhosis patients established a diagnostic model using the Stroop test (Stroop-CN), which effectively detected MHE prevalence in both test and validation cohorts.
- Results indicated that patients with MHE, particularly those with severe liver conditions, reported a lower quality of life compared to those without MHE, highlighting the need for accessible diagnostic tools like the Stroop-CN model.
Article Synopsis
- Recurrent opportunistic infections in severely immunosuppressed AIDS patients persist as a challenge, leading to the development of a new therapy called allogeneic adoptive immune therapy (AAIT) alongside traditional antiretroviral therapy (ART).
- A phase 2a trial showed that AAIT improved CD4+ T cell recovery compared to ART alone, without increasing adverse events.
- The study found that factors like donor/recipient sex mismatch significantly influenced the likelihood of achieving an immunological response, indicating AAIT's potential as a valuable treatment for this patient group while highlighting the need for further research to better understand its mechanisms and optimize its use.
(1) Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are a series of unique organ-specific inflammatory toxicities observed in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing PD-1 inhibition combination therapy. The specific underlying mechanisms remain unclear. (2) Methods: We recruited 71 patients with HCC undergoing PD-1 inhibition combination therapy.
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- Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a serious liver condition with high mortality rates, and this clinical trial aims to examine the safety and effectiveness of treatment using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
- The study is a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 150 ACLF patients, comparing the effects of umbilical cord-derived MSCs versus a placebo across multiple treatment sessions.
- Results will focus on transplant-free survival rates and any adverse events, with ethical approval secured and plans for publication upon completion of the study (Trial Registration Number: NCT05985863).
Background: The role of neutrophils in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been a subject of debate due to their involvement in antiviral responses and immune regulation. This study aimed to elucidate the neutrophil characteristics in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).
Methods: Through flow cytometry and ribonucleic acid-sequencing analysis, the phenotypes and counts of neutrophils were analyzed in patients with CHB.
Article Synopsis
- This study focuses on the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among people with HIV in Sierra Leone and evaluates the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on HBV DNA suppression.
- The research involved 3,106 participants, primarily women, with an HBsAg positivity rate of 12.0%, noting that male gender and being separated were significant predictors of HBsAg presence.
- Results show that 73.1% of those receiving ART achieved HBV DNA suppression, highlighting ART's effectiveness in managing HBV in HIV-positive individuals, while emphasizing the need for improved HBV vaccination coverage.
Background: The gut is an important site for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and immune responses. The role of gut mucosal immune cells in immune restoration in patients infected with HIV undergoing antiretroviral therapy remains unclear.
Methods: Ileocytes, including 54 475 immune cells, were obtained from colonoscopic biopsies of five HIV-negative controls, nine immunological responders (IRs), and three immunological non-responders (INRs) and were analyzed using single-cell RNA sequencing.
The safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in the elderly, a high-risk group for severe COVID-19 infection, have not been fully understood. To clarify these issues, this prospective study followed up 157 elderly and 73 young participants for 16 months and compared the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of two doses of the inactivated vaccine BBIBP-CorV followed by a booster dose of the recombinant protein vaccine ZF2001. The results showed that this vaccination protocol was safe and tolerable in the elderly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: GST-HG171 is a potent, broad-spectrum, orally bioavailable small-molecule 3C like protease inhibitor that has demonstrated greater potency and efficacy compared to Nirmatrelvir in pre-clinical studies. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of orally administered GST-HG171 plus Ritonavir in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected with emerging XBB and non-XBB variants.
Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2/3 trial was conducted in 47 sites in China among adult patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 with symptoms onset ≤72 h.
Background: Chronic cough is a common symptom in patients post the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and the clinical characteristics of patients with post-COVID-19 chronic cough during the Omicron era.
Methods: An ambispective, longitudinal cohort study was conducted that included patients with post-COVID-19 who attended the respiratory clinic at our hospital between January 1, 2023, and March 31, 2023 with a complaint of persistent cough lasting more than 8 weeks.
Background And Aims: Functional cure is difficult to achieve using current antiviral therapies; moreover, limited data are available regarding treatment outcomes in children. This retrospective study aimed to assess the frequency of functional cure among children undergoing antiviral treatment for active chronic hepatitis B (CHB).
Methods: A total of 372 children aged 1-16 years, with active CHB were enrolled and underwent either nucleos(t)ide analog monotherapy or combination therapy with interferon-α (IFN-α) for 24-36 months.
Background: The global burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to hepatitis B (collectively referred to as hepatitis B-associated cirrhosis in this paper) in children and adolescents must be understood and investigated.
Methods: Data were extracted from the GBD database, and calculations were performed at global, regional, and national level. We calculate the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and annual average percentage changes (AAPCs).