Construction of MoTiCT MXene as a Superior Carrier to Support Ru-CuO Heterojunctions for Improving Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation.

The sluggish anodic hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) of the hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cell (HEMFC) is a significant barrier for practical implementation. Herein, we designed a catalyst of MoTiCT MXene-supported Ru-CuO heterojunctions (named as Ru-CuO/MXene). The XPS spectra and the d-band center data of the different amounts of Cu of the Ru-CuO/MXene suggested that there existed a strongly electronic metal-support interaction between the active species and the substrate with MXene as the excellent carrier.

Manipulating key intermediates and suppressing the hydrogen evolution reaction dual roles of Bi for high-efficiency nitrate to ammonia and energy conversion.

The nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) is a promising technology for simultaneous treatment of NO wastewater and synthetic ammonia. However, the NORR involves multiple electron and proton transfer processes, and the ammonia selectivity and yield are highly susceptible to the evolution of key intermediate (*NO) and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this study, bismuth (Bi), with a high hydrogen overpotential, is used as an inhibitor of the HER.

Dietary Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaf powder improves growth performance and antioxidant capacity via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in broilers.

This study focused on the effects of dietary Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves (ZBL) powder on the growth performance and antioxidant capacity via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in broilers. The experiment adopted a single-factor completely random design, and 440 healthy 1-d-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group (CON) was fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet, the CZ1 group was fed a basic diet with 1% ZBL powder, the CZ2 group fed a basic diet with 2% ZBL powder, and the CZ3 group fed a basic diet with 3% ZBL powder. The experiment was divided into the starter period (1 to 21 d) and the grower period (22 to 42 d).

A Homozygous Variant in NAA60 Is Associated with Primary Familial Brain Calcification.

Background: Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is a monogenic disorder characterized by bilateral calcifications in the brain. The genetic basis remains unknown in over half of the PFBC patients, indicating the existence of additional novel causative genes. NAA60 was a recently reported novel causative gene for PFBC.

Macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles represent a promising endogenous iron-chelating therapy for iron overload and cardiac injury in myocardial infarction.

Background: Cardiac iron overload and ferroptosis greatly contribute to the poor prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Iron chelator is one of the most promising strategies for scavenging excessive iron and alleviating cardiac dysfunction post MI. However, various side effects of existing chemical iron chelators restrict their clinical application, which calls for a more viable and safer approach to protect against iron injury in ischemic hearts.

The Role of Microvascular Obstruction and Intra-Myocardial Hemorrhage in Reperfusion Cardiac Injury. Analysis of Clinical Data.

Microvascular obstruction (MVO) of coronary arteries promotes an increase in mortality and major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) is observed in 41-50% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and PCI. The occurrence of IMH is accompanied by inflammation.

Dietary Citrus Flavonoids Improved Growth Performance and Intestinal Microbiota of Weaned Piglets via Immune Function Mediated by TLR2/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

This study investigated the effects of citrus flavonoids (CF) and compared to antibiotics on piglet growth and gut health. Weaned piglets were fed either a basal diet (CON) or a basal diet supplemented with 75 mg/kg chlortetracycline (CTC), 20 mg/kg CF (CF1), 40 mg/kg CF (CF2), or 80 mg/kg CF (CF3). The CF group, especially CF3, exhibited improved growth performance; reduced diarrhea; significantly higher levels of serum growth factors, immunoglobulins, and anti-inflammatory cytokines; and significantly lower levels of pro-inflammatory factors and markers of intestinal barrier damage ( < 0.

[Dielectric properties of tidal volume changes in rabbit lung tissue in the 100 MHz~1 GHz band].

This paper investigates the variation of lung tissue dielectric properties with tidal volume under conditions to provide reliable and valid a priori information for techniques such as microwave imaging. In this study, the dielectric properties of the lung tissue of 30 rabbits were measured using the open-end coaxial probe method in the frequency band of 100 MHz to 1 GHz, and 6 different sets of tidal volumes (30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 mL) were set up to study the trends of the dielectric properties, and the data at 2 specific frequency points (433 and 915 MHz) were analyzed statistically. It was found that the dielectric coefficient and conductivity of lung tissue tended to decrease with increasing tidal volume in the frequency range of 100 MHz to 1 GHz, and the differences in the dielectric properties of lung tissue for the 6 groups of tidal volumes at 2 specific frequency points were statistically significant.

Evolutionary Game Dynamics with Environmental Feedback in a Network with Two Communities.

Recent developments of eco-evolutionary models have shown that evolving feedbacks between behavioral strategies and the environment of game interactions, leading to changes in the underlying payoff matrix, can impact the underlying population dynamics in various manners. We propose and analyze an eco-evolutionary game dynamics model on a network with two communities such that players interact with other players in the same community and those in the opposite community at different rates. In our model, we consider two-person matrix games with pairwise interactions occurring on individual edges and assume that the environmental state depends on edges rather than on nodes or being globally shared in the population.

Classification of Three Anesthesia Stages Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Signals.

Proper monitoring of anesthesia stages can guarantee the safe performance of clinical surgeries. In this study, different anesthesia stages were classified using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signals with machine learning. The cerebral hemodynamic variables of right proximal oxyhemoglobin (HbO) in maintenance (MNT), emergence (EM) and the consciousness (CON) stage were collected and then the differences between the three stages were compared by phase-amplitude coupling (PAC).

Deterministic theory of evolutionary games on temporal networks.

Recent empirical studies have revealed that social interactions among agents in realistic networks merely exist intermittently and occur in a particular sequential order. However, it remains unexplored how to theoretically describe evolutionary dynamics of multiple strategies on temporal networks. Herein, we develop a deterministic theory for studying evolutionary dynamics of any [Formula: see text] pairwise games in structured populations where individuals are connected and organized by temporally activated edges.

Full-Space Electric Field in Mo-Decorated ZnInS Polarization Photocatalyst for Oriented Charge Flow and Efficient Hydrogen Production.

Integration of photocatalytic hydrogen (H) evolution with oxidative organic synthesis presents a highly attractive strategy for the simultaneous production of clean H fuel and high-value chemicals. However, the sluggish dynamics of photogenerated charge carriers across the photocatalysts result in low photoconversion efficiency, hindering the wide applications of such a technology. Herein, this work overcomes this limitation by inducing the full-space electric field via charge polarization engineering on a Mo cluster-decorated ZnInS (Mo-ZnInS) photocatalyst.

Elevated Efficiency and Stability of Hole-Transport-Layer-Free Perovskite Solar Cells Triggered by Surface Engineering.

Surface engineering is one of the important strategies to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidinium hexafluorophosphate (CIP) was introduced into PSCs to passivate the defects of the perovskite films. There are many F atoms in CIP molecules that have strong electronegativity and hydrophobicity.

Dietary tryptophan improves growth and intestinal health by promoting the secretion of intestinal β-defensins against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 in weaned piglets.

Adequate dietary L-tryptophan (Trp) governs intestinal homeostasis in piglets. However, the defensive role of Trp in the diet against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 (K88) in pigs is still poorly understood. Here, sixty (6.

Determinants of successful disease control through voluntary quarantine dynamics on social networks.

In the wake of epidemics, quarantine measures are typically recommended by health authorities or governments to help control the spread of the disease. Compared with mandatory quarantine, voluntary quarantine offers individuals the liberty to decide whether to isolate themselves in case of infection exposure, driven by their personal assessment of the trade-off between economic loss and health risks as well as their own sense of social responsibility and concern for public health. To better understand self-motivated health behavior choices under these factors, here we incorporate voluntary quarantine into an endemic disease model -- the susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model -- and perform comprehensive agent-based simulations to characterize the resulting behavior-disease interactions in structured populations.

Deoxynivalenol Detection beyond the Limit in Wheat Flour Based on the Fluorescence Hyperspectral Imaging Technique.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a harmful fungal toxin, and its contamination in wheat flour poses a food safety concern globally. This study proposes the combination of fluorescence hyperspectral imaging (FHSI) and qualitative discrimination methods for the detection of excessive DON content in wheat flour. Wheat flour samples were prepared with varying DON concentrations through the addition of trace amounts of DON using the wet mixing method for fluorescence hyperspectral image collection.