Physical and mental demand during direct anterior total hip arthroplasty: Comparison of robotic-assisted and conventional techniques.

Introduction: The adoption of new techniques, such as the direct anterior (DA) approach, and technologies, such as robotic assistance, in total hip arthroplasty (THA) has the potential to alleviate the intraoperative physical and mental demand that surgeons experience. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the physical and mental demand of surgeons performing conventional DA THA with fluoroscopy and robotic-assisted DA THA without fluoroscopy.

Methods: Two orthopaedic surgeons completed bilateral DA THA's on six cadaveric specimens.

Robotic-Arm Assisted THA: Improved Acetabular Component Accuracy and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures.

Introduction: Acetabular component placement is critical for total hip arthroplasty (THA) stability and clinical outcomes. We investigated cup placement with robotic-arm assisted (RA) and conventional manual (CM) THA and compared patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and dislocations.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-seven patients were randomized to undergo RA or CM primary THA.

Donor age over 55 is associated with worse outcome in lung transplant recipients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Lung transplantation (LTx) remains the only efficient treatment for selected patients with end-stage pulmonary disease. The age limit for the acceptance of donor organs in LTx is still a matter of debate. We here analyze the impact of donor organ age and the underlying pulmonary disease on short- and long-term outcome and survival after LTx.

Evaluation of risk for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with myeloablative conditioning regimens.

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), as chronic manifestation of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), is a debilitating complication leading to lung function deterioration in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). In the present study, we evaluated BOS development risk in patients after receiving myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimens. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing allo-HCT, who received MAC with busulfan/cyclophosphamid (BuCy, n = 175) busulfan/fludarabin (FluBu4, n = 29) or thiotepa/busulfan/fludarabine (TBF MAC, n = 37).

[Interstitial lung diseases : From imaging to treatment].

Background: The role of radiology in the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) has evolved over time, in part replacing histology. Radiology now represents a pillar of diagnostics and monitoring in ILDs.

Objective: To what extent does radiology influence diagnostics and treatment in ILDs?

Materials And Methods: A literature review was conducted, and current findings were discussed in the context of clinical data.

Mediterranean diet protects against a neuroinflammatory cortical transcriptome: Associations with brain volumetrics, peripheral inflammation, social isolation, and anxiety in nonhuman primates (Macaca fascicularis).

Mediterranean diets may be neuroprotective and prevent cognitive decline relative to Western diets; however, the underlying biology is poorly understood. We assessed the effects of Western versus Mediterranean-like diets on RNAseq-generated transcriptional profiles in lateral temporal cortex and their relationships with longitudinal changes in neuroanatomy, circulating monocyte gene expression, and observations of social isolation and anxiety in 38 socially-housed, middle-aged female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Diet resulted in differential expression of seven transcripts (FDR < 0.

Can Robotic-Arm Assistance Decrease Iatrogenic Soft-Tissue Damage During Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty?

Introduction: Manual techniques for total hip arthroplasty (THA) have been widely utilized and proven to be clinically successful. However, the use of advanced computed tomography (CT) scan-based planning and haptically-bounded reamers in robotic-arm assisted total hip arthroplasty (RTHA) holds promise for potentially limiting surrounding soft-tissue damage. This cadaver-based study aimed to compare the extent of soft-tissue damage between a robotic-arm assisted, haptically-guided THA (RTHA) and a manual, fluoroscopic-guided THA (MTHA) direct anterior approach.

Activin A levels are raised during human tuberculosis and blockade of the activin signaling axis influences murine responses to infection.

Unlabelled: Activin A strongly influences immune responses; yet, few studies have examined its role in infectious diseases. We measured serum activin A levels in two independent tuberculosis (TB) patient cohorts and in patients with pneumonia and sarcoidosis. Serum activin A levels were increased in TB patients compared to healthy controls, including those with positive tuberculin skin tests, and paralleled severity of disease, assessed by X-ray scores.

Clinical phenotype and outcome of persistent SARS-CoV-2 replication in immunocompromised hosts: a retrospective observational study in the Omicron era.

Purpose: This study aims to describe clinical, virological and radiological characteristics as well as treatment strategies and outcomes of immunocompromised patients with persistent SARS-CoV-2 replication.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of immunocompromised patients at the University Medical Center Freiburg between 01/2022 and 05/2023. Patients with substantial immunosuppression and persistent SARS-CoV-2 detection (Ct-value < 30 after 14 days) were included.

Development and assessment of a stair ascension challenge as a measure of aging and physical function in nonhuman primates.

Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are valuable models for studying healthspan, including frailty development. Frailty metrics in people centers on functional measures, including usual gait speed which can be predictive of all-cause mortality. This concept that physical competencies are able to prognosticate an individual's health trajectory over chronologic aging is well-accepted and has led to refinements in how physical function is evaluated, and include measures of strength and power along with walking speed.

Preliminary PET Imaging of Microtubule-Based PET Radioligand [C]MPC-6827 in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

The microtubule (MT) instability observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is commonly attributed to hyperphosphorylation of the MT-associated protein, tau. PET imaging offers an opportunity to gain critical information about MT changes with the onset and development of AD and related dementia. We developed the first brain-penetrant MT PET ligand, [C]MPC-6827, and evaluated its imaging utility in vervet monkeys.

A Novel Protocol for Nasal Decolonization Using Prolonged Application of an Alcohol-Based Nasal Antiseptic Reduces Surgical Site Infections in Total Joint Arthroplasty Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Current nasal decolonization strategies utilize pre-operative agents without consideration for short-term re-colonization or de novo colonization. Many strategies utilize an antibiotic-based agent, raising concerns of limited gram-negative antimicrobial coverage and the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. This study evaluated the clinical utility of a non-antibiotic, alcohol-based nasal decolonization agent in decreasing surgical site infection (SSI) rates after total joint arthroplasty.

Pulmonary Vein Myocardial Sleeve Length and its Association With Sex and 4q25/PITX2 Genotype.

Background: Experimental evidence suggests genetic variation in 4q25/PITX2 modulates pulmonary vein (PV) myocardial sleeve length. Although PV sleeves are the main target of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, little is known about the association between different PV sleeve characteristics with ablation outcomes.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the association between clinical and genetic (4q25) risk factors with PV sleeve length in humans, and to evaluate the association between PV sleeve length and recurrence after AF ablation.

The interactive effects of psychosocial stress and diet composition on health in primates.

Social disadvantage and diet composition independently impact myriad dimensions of health. They are closely entwined, as social disadvantage often yields poor diet quality, and may interact to fuel differential health outcomes. This paper reviews effects of psychosocial stress and diet composition on health in nonhuman primates and their implications for aging and human health.

Executive function mediates age-related variation in social integration in female vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus).

In humans, social participation and integration wane with advanced age, a pattern hypothesized to stem from cognitive or physical decrements. Similar age-related decreases in social participation have been observed in several nonhuman primate species. Here, we investigated cross-sectional age-related associations between social interactions, activity patterns, and cognitive function in 25 group-living female vervets (a.

Differential effects of western versus mediterranean diets and psychosocial stress on ovarian function in female monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).

Ovarian dysfunction increases risk for chronic diseases of aging including cardiovascular disease, depression, cognitive impairment, as well as bone and muscle loss which promote frailty. Psychosocial stress can disrupt ovarian function, and recent observations suggest that consumption of a Western Diet may also. Determination of causal relationships among diet, psychosocial stress, and ovarian physiology is difficult in humans.