Patient-reported outcomes of psychiatric and/or mental health nursing in hospitals: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: There is a lack of distinct and measurable outcomes in psychiatric and/or mental health nursing which negatively impacts guiding clinical practice, assessing evidence-based nursing interventions, ensuring future-proof nursing education and establishing visibility as a profession and discipline. Psychiatric and/or mental health nursing struggle to demonstrate patient-reported outcomes to assess the effectiveness of their practice. A systematic review that summarising patient-reported outcomes, associated factors, measured nursing care/interventions and used measurement scales of psychiatric and/or mental health nursing in the adult population in acute, intensive and forensic psychiatric wards in hospitals will capture important information on how care can be improved by better understanding what matters and what is important to patients themselves.

[Disulfiram encephalopathy: an underrecognized complication of accidental overdose].

In this paper we discuss the case of a 52-year-old man who consulted the emergency department because of confusion. Based on anamnesis, clinical presentation, various technical investigations and recovery after discontinuation of disulfiram, the diagnosis of disulfiram encephalopathy is made. This is a less common but serious complication of a frequently used therapy and underscores the importance of early recognition and careful but also controlled prescription of disulfiram.

[Interstitial pneumonia and venlafaxine use].

We describe a 71-year-old woman who developed interstitial pneumonia within a complex somatic state. Diagnostic clearance suggested venlafaxine-induced interstitial pneumonia. In the literature, we found 13 cases of venlafaxine-induced interstitial pneumonia.

[Catatonia as an initial presentation of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis].

We describe a case of a 36-year-old woman with no psychiatric or somatic history who was presented to the emergency department with a profound change in mental status, more precisely a catatonic status and auditory hallucinations. Due to the unclear aetiology and suspicion of underlying psychiatric problems, the patient was admitted to the psychiatric ward. After discharge against medical advice, readmission was necessary due to deterioration and sudden onset of myoclonus.

[Lithium use in women with bipolar disorder during peripartum].

Background: Lithium use during peripartum requires careful consideration due to a risk of teratogenic effects, adverse side effects and risk of neonatal complications. However, given the effectiveness of lithium, use during the peripartum period may be indicated.

Aim: To provide an overview of the current evidence regarding the clinical use of lithium during peripartum, including risk of relapse in case of (dis)continuation and evolution of lithium levels.

[Not Available].

Melancholy in the elderly in times of COVID-19.

Anhedonia in Depressive Disorder: A Narrative Review.

Since the introduction of DSM-III anhedonia has become a core depressive criterion and is defined as the loss of interest or pleasure. Although the origin of the word goes back to the end of the 19th century and numerous anhedonic symptoms are described in classic texts on depression, this centrality in the diagnosis of depression is only recent. Anhedonia is best described as a symptom complex with unclear boundaries cutting across the tripartite model of the mind (affect, volition, and cognition).

[Delirium due to intoxication with quetiapine: a systematic literature review].

Quetiapine is a frequently prescribed antipsychotic and therefore often used in overdose. Delirium (with anticholinergic delirium as a specific condition) is described as a serious complication of quetiapine intoxication.
AIM: To assess the scientific literature on delirium as a side effect of quetiapine intoxication: incidence, symptoms and treatment.

The pharmacological management of agitated and aggressive behaviour: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Non-pharmacological interventions preferably precede pharmacological interventions in acute agitation. Reviews of pharmacological interventions remain descriptive or compare only one compound with several other compounds. The goal of this study is to compute a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect on restoring calmness after a pharmacological intervention, so a more precise recommendation is possible.

[The use of dexmedetomidine in extreme agitation].

In clinical practice antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and/or antihistamines are used to calm agitated patients. If agitation persists and patients have contraindications for these substances, then anesthetics, such as propofol, can also be used as well, to serve as a sedative. Our attention was drawn to a particular case in which dexmedetomidine was used as a sedative.

[Rapid tranquillisation for agitated patients with psychostimulant intoxication].

Because psychostimulant intoxication can lead to serious health risks for the patient, it is often necessary to ensure that the patient receives both adequate medical surveillance and rapid tranquillisation.
AIM: To find out whether there is scientific evidence that psychopharmacological intervention helps patients with psychostimulant intoxication to manage aggression and agitation.
METHOD: We searched the literature systematically.

[Clotiapine in the treatment of acutely agitated patients: hardly any evidence].

In Flemish emergency psychiatry, clotiapine is still one of the options available for the treatment of agitation. However, there is a lack of evidence concerning the efficacy of this practice.
AIM: To find out whether there is sufficient evidence to justify the continued use of clotiapine in the treatment of agitation.

Efficacy of Tranylcypromine in Bipolar Depression: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Currently, there is a paucity of treatment options with limited efficacy for bipolar depression. The monoamine oxidase inhibitor tranylcypromine might be an effective form of treatment. The current systematic review reassesses the efficacy and safety of tranylcypromine in bipolar depression.

Prescribing preferences in rapid tranquillisation: a survey in Belgian psychiatrists and emergency physicians.

Background: The pharmacotherapeutic management of agitation is a common clinical challenge. Pharmacotherapy is frequently used, the use of published guidelines is not known. The purpose of this study was twofold; to describe the prescribing patterns of psychiatrists and emergency physicians and to evaluate to which extent guidelines are used.

[Ethical advice regarding the relationship between psychiatrists and the pharmaceutical industry].

Background: The pharmaceutical industry is an important partner in mental health care.

Aim: To provide ethical advice that will help psychiatrists build a balanced relationship with the pharmaceutical industry.

Method: In this article we present the current advisory principles that have been developed by the Flemish Psychiatric Association (Vlaamse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie; VVP).

[Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder: a systematic literature review].

Background: From the second half of the 19th century eminent psychiatrists began referring to alcohol-induced psychotic disorder (AIPD) as a specific alcoholic psychosis. Over the last decades interest in AIPD seems to have declined: the last review dates form 1989.

Aim: To review the recent literature on AIPD, revive interest in the disorder, evaluate the current scientific evidence and assess its clinical value.

[Irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (IMAOI) to treat depressive disorders - limited use at present in Flanders].

Background: Irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (imaoi) are rarely used in Flanders. Such an anti-imaoi policy is not in keeping with the role that imaoi now play in the general guidelines for the treatment of depressive disorders.

Aim: To provide an overview of the history and the current use of imaoi in Flanders.

[Droperidol for the treatment of acutely agitated patients: still an option].

Background: In Flemish emergency psychiatry droperidol is still an option for the treatment of agitation. However, its efficacy and safety are contested.

Aim: To find out whether the continuing use of droperidol to treat agitation is justified on scientific grounds.

Evidence-based treatment strategies for treatment-resistant bipolar depression: a systematic review.

Objectives: Treatment resistance in bipolar depression is a common clinical problem that constitutes a major challenge for the treating clinician as there is a paucity of treatment options. The objective of this paper was to review the evidence for treatment options in treatment-resistant bipolar depression, as found in randomized controlled trials and with special attention to the definition and assessment of treatment resistance.

Methods: A Medline search (from database inception to May 2012) was performed using the search terms treatment resistance or treatment refractory, and bipolar depression or bipolar disorder, supplemented with 43 separate searches using the various pharmacologic agents or technical interventions as search terms.

[Is there a causal link between idiopathic intracranial hypertension and the use of lithium? A case-study and a review of the literature].

Background: The first case-study of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) linked to the use of lithium appeared in 1978. Since then several new case-studies have been published sporadically. A recurrent problem for therapists seems to be whether to continue or discontinue treatment with lithium.