Neuroimaging Scoring Tools to Differentiate Inflammatory Central Nervous System Small-Vessel Vasculitis: A Need for Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning?-A Scoping Review.

Neuroimaging has a key role in identifying small-vessel vasculitis from common diseases it mimics, such as multiple sclerosis. Oftentimes, a multitude of these conditions present similarly, and thus diagnosis is difficult. To date, there is no standardized method to differentiate between these diseases.

Gender disparity between authors in leading medical journals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional review.

Objectives: Evaluate gender differences in authorship of COVID-19 articles in high-impact medical journals compared with other topics.

Design: Cross-sectional review.

Data Sources: Medline database.

Drosophila Nedd4-long reduces Amphiphysin levels in muscles and leads to impaired T-tubule formation.

Drosophila Nedd4 (dNedd4) is a HECT ubiquitin ligase with two main splice isoforms: dNedd4-short (dNedd4S) and -long (dNedd4Lo). DNedd4Lo has a unique N-terminus containing a Pro-rich region. We previously showed that whereas dNedd4S promotes neuromuscular synaptogenesis, dNedd4Lo inhibits it and impairs larval locomotion.

Tyrosine phosphorylation of NEDD4 activates its ubiquitin ligase activity.

Ligand binding to the receptor tyrosine kinase fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor 1 (FGFR1) causes dimerization and activation by transphosphorylation of tyrosine residues in the kinase domain. FGFR1 is ubiquitylated by the E3 ligase NEDD4 (also known as NEDD4-1), which promotes FGFR1 internalization and degradation. Although phosphorylation of FGFR1 is required for NEDD4-dependent endocytosis, NEDD4 directly binds to a nonphosphorylated region of FGFR1.

Enzyme linked immuno mass spectrometric assay (ELIMSA).

Unlabelled: A new technology termed ELIMSA combines the specificity and enzymatic amplification of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the sensitivity and flexibility of mass spectrometry (MS). At present, substrates for the reporter enzymes horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or alkaline phosphatase (AP) yield colored, fluorescent or luminescent products. The central concept of ELIMSA is that the reporter enzymes HRP and AP yield products that ionize efficiently with a high signal to noise ratio that can be measured by mass spectrometry.