Prognosticating the outcome of intensive care in older patients-a narrative review.

Prognosis determines major decisions regarding treatment for critically ill patients. Statistical models have been developed to predict the probability of survival and other outcomes of intensive care. Although they were trained on the characteristics of large patient cohorts, they often do not represent very old patients (age ≥ 80 years) appropriately.

Association between self-reported functional capacity measures and postoperative myocardial injury in patients undergoing noncardiac surgeries.

Background: Self-reported functional capacity measures have an uncertain role in the pre-operative cardiovascular risk stratification.

Aim: This substudy aimed to evaluate whether self-reported metabolic equivalent (MET) could improve the prediction of postoperative myocardial injury (MI) over other well-established cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of an international multicenter prospective cohort study.

The assessment of bladder cancer resectability with bimanual palpation: A prospective study in laparoscopy and open cystectomy patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the value of examination under anesthesia (EUA) in the assessment of bladder resectability during cystectomy.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included consecutive patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer at a single center between June 2017 and October 2020. EUA was conducted before cystectomy by two urologists who assessed the bladder for limited mobility.

Standards of perioperative management in total knee and hip arthroplasty procedures. A survey-based study. Part I: Preoperative management.

Introduction: Recent years have seen an increasing number of elective total knee (TKA) and hip arthroplasty (THA) procedures. Since a wide variety of methods and procedures are used in perioperative management, a survey-based study was carried out to identify the patterns of practice in Polish hospitals.

Material And Methods: With the help of the LimeSurvey application, questionnaires for anaesthesio-logists and orthopaedists were prepared to gain insight into the preparation of patients for TKA and THA procedures and perioperative care.

Validity of the total SOFA score in patients ≥ 80 years old acutely admitted to intensive care units: a post-hoc analysis of the VIP2 prospective, international cohort study.

Background: Little is known about the performance of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score in older critically ill adults. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of physiological disturbances in the six organ systems included in the SOFA score.

Methods: We analysed previously collected data from a prospective cohort study conducted between 2018 and 2019 in 22 countries.

Academic anaesthesiology: a global perspective on training, support, and future development of early career researchers.

As anaesthesiologists face increasing clinical demands and a limited and competitive funding environment for academic work, the sustainability of academic anaesthesiologists has never been more tenuous. Yet, the speciality needs academic anaesthesiologists in many roles, extending beyond routine clinical duties. Anaesthesiologist educators, researchers, and administrators are required not only to train future generations but also to lead innovation and expansion of anaesthesiology and related specialities, all to improve patient care.

Diagnostic accuracy of bimanual palpation in bladder cancer patients undergoing cystectomy: A prospective study.

Objectives: To prospectively assess the concordance of examination under anesthesia (EUA)-based clinical T stage with pathological T stage and diagnostic accuracy of EUA in patients with bladder cancer undergoing cystectomy.

Methods: Consecutive patients with bladder cancer undergoing cystectomy between June 2017 and October 2020 in a single academic center were included in a prospective study. Two urologists performed EUA (one blinded to imaging) before patients underwent cystectomy.

Chromosome-length genome assemblies and cytogenomic analyses of pangolins reveal remarkable chromosome counts and plasticity.

We report the first chromosome-length genome assemblies for three species in the mammalian order Pholidota: the white-bellied, Chinese, and Sunda pangolins. Surprisingly, we observe extraordinary karyotypic plasticity within this order and, in female white-bellied pangolins, the largest number of chromosomes reported in a Laurasiatherian mammal: 2n = 114. We perform the first karyotype analysis of an African pangolin and report a Y-autosome fusion in white-bellied pangolins, resulting in 2n = 113 for males.

Atrial inflammation and microvascular thrombogenicity are increased in deceased COVID-19 patients.

Background: Histopathological studies have shown inflammation, cardiomyocyte injury, and microvascular thrombosis in the ventricular myocardium of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, although atrial dysfunction is common in COVID-19, little is known about histopathological changes in the atria of the heart. We therefore analyzed inflammation, cardiomyocyte injury, and microvascular thrombogenicity in the atria of deceased patients with COVID-19.

Noninvasive ventilation in COVID-19 patients aged ≥ 70 years-a prospective multicentre cohort study.

Background: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a promising alternative to invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) with a particular importance amidst the shortage of intensive care unit (ICU) beds during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the use of NIV in Europe and factors associated with outcomes of patients treated with NIV.

Methods: This is a substudy of COVIP study-an international prospective observational study enrolling patients aged ≥ 70 years with confirmed COVID-19 treated in ICU.

The histopathological spectrum of myocardial inflammation in relation to circumstance of death: a retrospective cohort study in clinical and forensic autopsies.

Interpreting a myocardial inflammation as causal, contributory or as of no significance at all in the cause of death can be challenging, especially in cases where other pathologic and/or medico-legal findings are also present. To further evaluate the significance of myocardial inflammation as a cause of death we performed a retrospective cohort study of forensic and clinical autopsy cases. We revised the spectrum of histological inflammatory parameters in the myocardium of 79 adult autopsy cases and related these to the reported cause of death.

Venous and arterial thrombosis in COVID-19: An updated narrative review.

Hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), particularly those admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk of morbidity and mortality. Several observational studies have described hemostatic derangements and thrombotic complications in patients with COVID-19. The aim of this review article is to summarize the current evidence on pathologic findings, pathophysiology, coagulation and hemostatic abnormalities, D-dimer's role in prognostication epidemiology and risk factors of thrombotic complications, and the role of prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19.

Short-term mortality of patients ≥80 years old admitted to European intensive care units: an international observational study.

Background: Limited evidence suggests variation in mortality of older critically ill adults across Europe. We aimed to investigate regional differences in mortality among very old ICU patients.

Methods: Multilevel analysis of two international prospective cohort studies.

Van Velthoven single-knot running suture versus Chlosta's running suture versus single barbed suture V-Loc for vesicourethral anastomosis in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: a retrospective comparative study.

Introduction: The quality of vesicourethral anastomosis (VUA) in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) is associated with complications that could significantly affect quality of life.

Aim: To compare different types of sutures (Chlosta's versus Van Velthoven versus V-Loc), used for VUA in LRP in terms of complication rates and continence recovery.

Material And Methods: Patients who underwent LRP between 2014 and 2018 in a tertiary center were enrolled in the study.

The logic of forensic pathology opinion.

Evaluating evidence and providing opinions are at the heart of forensic science, and forensic experts are expected to provide opinions that are based on logically sound and transparent scientific reasoning, and that honour the boundaries of their area of expertise. In order to meet these objectives, many fields of science explicitly apply Bayes' theorem, which describes the logically correct way to update probabilities on the basis of observations. Making a distinction between 'investigative' and evaluative' modes of operating helps to implement the theorem into daily casework.

Association between tracheostomy timing and outcomes for older critically ill COVID-19 patients: prospective observational study in European intensive care units.

Background: Tracheostomy is performed in patients expected to require prolonged mechanical ventilation, but to date optimal timing of tracheostomy has not been established. The evidence concerning tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients is particularly scarce. We aimed to describe the relationship between early tracheostomy (≤10 days since intubation) and outcomes for patients with COVID-19.