Nanoscale dynamics of Dynamin 1 helices reveals squeeze-twist deformation mode critical for membrane fission.

Dynamin 1 (Dyn1) GTPase, a principal driver of membrane fission during synaptic endocytosis, self-assembles into short mechanoactive helices cleaving the necks of endocytic vesicles. While structural information about Dyn1 helix is abundant, little is known about the nanoscale dynamics of the helical scaffolding at the moment of fission, complicating mechanistic understanding of Dyn1 action. To address the role of the helix dynamics in fission, we used High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy (HS-AFM) and fluorescence microscopy to track and compare the spatiotemporal characteristics of the helices formed by wild-type Dyn1 and its K44A mutant impaired in GTP hydrolysis on minimal lipid membrane templates.

Dark-Sector Search via Pion-Produced η and η^{'} Mesons Decaying Invisibly in the NA64h Detector.

We present the first results from a proof-of-concept search for dark sectors via invisible decays of pseudoscalar η and η^{'} mesons in the NA64h experiment at the CERN SPS. Our novel technique uses the charge-exchange reaction of 50 GeV π^{-} on nuclei of an active target as the source of neutral mesons. The η,η^{'}→invisible events would exhibit themselves via a striking signature-the complete disappearance of the incoming beam energy in the detector.

High-Statistics Measurement of Collins and Sivers Asymmetries for Transversely Polarized Deuterons.

New results are presented on a high-statistics measurement of Collins and Sivers asymmetries of charged hadrons produced in deep inelastic scattering of muons on a transversely polarized ^{6}LiD target. The data were taken in 2022 with the COMPASS spectrometer using the 160 GeV muon beam at CERN, statistically balancing the existing data on transversely polarized proton targets. The first results from about two-thirds of the new data have total uncertainties smaller by up to a factor of three compared to the previous deuteron measurements.

Squeezing the quantum noise of a gravitational-wave detector below the standard quantum limit.

The Heisenberg uncertainty principle dictates that the position and momentum of an object cannot be simultaneously measured with arbitrary precision, giving rise to an apparent limitation known as the standard quantum limit (SQL). Gravitational-wave detectors use photons to continuously measure the positions of freely falling mirrors and so are affected by the SQL. We investigated the performance of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) after the experimental realization of frequency-dependent squeezing designed to surpass the SQL.

Final COMPASS Results on the Transverse-Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Asymmetries in the Pion-Induced Drell-Yan Process.

The COMPASS Collaboration performed measurements of the Drell-Yan process in 2015 and 2018 using a 190  GeV/c π^{-} beam impinging on a transversely polarized ammonia target. Combining the data of both years, we present final results on the amplitudes of five azimuthal modulations, which correspond to transverse-spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries (TSAs) in the dimuon production cross section. Three of them probe the nucleon leading-twist Sivers, transversity, and pretzelosity transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs).

First Results in the Search for Dark Sectors at NA64 with the CERN SPS High Energy Muon Beam.

We report the first search for dark sectors performed at the NA64 experiment employing a high energy muon beam and a missing energy-momentum technique. Muons from the M2 beamline at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron with a momentum of 160  GeV/c are directed to an active target. The signal signature consists of a single scattered muon with momentum <80  GeV/c in the final state, accompanied by missing energy, i.

Distinctive patterns of sequential platelet counts following blunt traumatic brain injury predict outcomes.

Objective: To determine the role of platelet counts in the context of the decision to treat patients with non-compounded, non-surgically-treated blunt traumatic brain injury (NCNS-bTBI) with anticoagulants/antiaggregants.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 141 anticoagulants/antiaggregants-naïve patients with NCNS-bTBI. Changes in PT-INR and prolonged aPTT were examined and correlated with Marshall and Rotterdam scores, clinical and neuroradiological outcomes.

Practical Application of a New Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement Method.

Unlabelled: It would be useful to develop a reliable method for the cuffless measurement of blood pressure (BP), as such a method could be made available anytime and anywhere for the effective screening and monitoring of arterial hypertension. The purpose of this study is to evaluate blood pressure measurements through a CardioQVARK device in clinical practice in different patient groups.

Methods: This study involved 167 patients aged 31 to 88 years (mean 64.

Roughness Factors of Electrodeposited Nanostructured Copper Foams.

Copper-based electrocatalytic materials play a critical role in various electrocatalytic processes, including the electroreduction of carbon dioxide and nitrate. Three-dimensional nanostructured electrodes are particularly advantageous for electrocatalytic applications due to their large surface area, which facilitates charge transfer and mass transport. However, the real surface area (RSA) of electrocatalysts is a crucial parameter that is often overlooked in experimental studies of high-surface-area copper electrodes.

Search for Light Dark Matter with NA64 at CERN.

Thermal dark matter models with particle χ masses below the electroweak scale can provide an explanation for the observed relic dark matter density. This would imply the existence of a new feeble interaction between the dark and ordinary matter. We report on a new search for the sub-GeV χ production through the interaction mediated by a new vector boson, called the dark photon A^{'}, in collisions of 100 GeV electrons with the active target of the NA64 experiment at the CERN SPS.

Infrared spectroscopic and thermographic evidence for the interaction of ethylene and 1,3-butadiene with NO at cryogenic temperatures.

The possibility of the reaction of ethylene at cryogenic temperatures with dinitrogen tetroxide (NO), at least at -40 °C, has been demonstrated. An infrared (IR) spectroscopic analysis of the condensed reaction products was carried out, which showed the presence of substances containing organic nitro compounds and organic nitrates. The latter particularly means the possibility of the formation of explosive substances, as in the known explosive cryogenic reaction of NO with butadiene.

Search for a New B-L Z^{'} Gauge Boson with the NA64 Experiment at CERN.

A search for a new Z^{'} gauge boson associated with (un)broken B-L symmetry in the keV-GeV mass range is carried out for the first time using the missing-energy technique in the NA64 experiment at the CERN SPS. From the analysis of the data with 3.22×10^{11} electrons on target collected during 2016-2021 runs, no signal events were found.

Allogeneic Bone Impregnated with Biodegradable Depot Delivery Systems for the Local Treatment of Joint Replacement Infections: An In Vitro Study.

Although progress is evident in the effective treatment of joint replacement-related infections, it still remains a serious issue in orthopedics. As an example, the local application of antibiotics-impregnated bone grafts supplies the high drug levels without systemic side effects. However, antibiotics in the powder or solution form could be a risk for local toxicity and do not allow sustained drug release.

Image Synthesis Pipeline for CNN-Based Sensing Systems.

The rapid development of machine learning technologies in recent years has led to the emergence of CNN-based sensors or ML-enabled smart sensor systems, which are intensively used in medical analytics, unmanned driving of cars, Earth sensing, etc. In practice, the accuracy of CNN-based sensors is highly dependent on the quality of the training datasets. The preparation of such datasets faces two fundamental challenges: data quantity and data quality.

Molecular Shape Solution for Mesoscopic Remodeling of Cellular Membranes.

Cellular membranes self-assemble from and interact with various molecular species. Each molecule locally shapes the lipid bilayer, the soft elastic core of cellular membranes. The dynamic architecture of intracellular membrane systems is based on elastic transformations and lateral redistribution of these elementary shapes, driven by chemical and curvature stress gradients.

Point Absorber Limits to Future Gravitational-Wave Detectors.

High-quality optical resonant cavities require low optical loss, typically on the scale of parts per million. However, unintended micron-scale contaminants on the resonator mirrors that absorb the light circulating in the cavity can deform the surface thermoelastically and thus increase losses by scattering light out of the resonant mode. The point absorber effect is a limiting factor in some high-power cavity experiments, for example, the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave detector.

Probing the explanation of the muon (g-2) anomaly and thermal light dark matter with the semi-visible dark photon channel.

We report the results of a search for a new vector boson ( ) decaying into two dark matter particles of different mass. The heavier particle subsequently decays to and an off-shell Dark Photon . For a sufficiently large mass splitting, this model can explain in terms of new physics the recently confirmed discrepancy observed in the muon anomalous magnetic moment at Fermilab.

Triangle Singularity as the Origin of the a_{1}(1420).

The COMPASS Collaboration experiment recently discovered a new isovector resonancelike signal with axial-vector quantum numbers, the a_{1}(1420), decaying to f_{0}(980)π. With a mass too close to and a width smaller than the axial-vector ground state a_{1}(1260), it was immediately interpreted as a new light exotic meson, similar to the X, Y, Z states in the hidden-charm sector. We show that a resonancelike signal fully matching the experimental data is produced by the decay of the a_{1}(1260) resonance into K^{*}(→Kπ)K[over ¯] and subsequent rescattering through a triangle singularity into the coupled f_{0}(980)π channel.

Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third Advanced LIGO-Virgo Observing Run.

We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection.

Approaching the motional ground state of a 10-kg object.

The motion of a mechanical object, even a human-sized object, should be governed by the rules of quantum mechanics. Coaxing them into a quantum state is, however, difficult because the thermal environment masks any quantum signature of the object's motion. The thermal environment also masks the effects of proposed modifications of quantum mechanics at large mass scales.

Nonlinear material and ionic transport through membrane nanotubes.

Membrane nanotubes (NTs) and their networks play an important role in intracellular membrane transport and intercellular communications. The transport characteristics of the NT lumen resemble those of conventional solid-state nanopores. However, unlike the rigid pores, the soft membrane wall of the NT can be deformed by forces driving the transport through the NT lumen.

Constraints on New Physics in Electron g-2 from a Search for Invisible Decays of a Scalar, Pseudoscalar, Vector, and Axial Vector.

We performed a search for a new generic X boson, which could be a scalar (S), pseudoscalar (P), vector (V), or an axial vector (A) particle produced in the 100 GeV electron scattering off nuclei, e^{-}Z→e^{-}ZX, followed by its invisible decay in the NA64 experiment at CERN. No evidence for such a process was found in the full NA64 dataset of 2.84×10^{11} electrons on target.

Point absorbers in Advanced LIGO.

Small, highly absorbing points are randomly present on the surfaces of the main interferometer optics in Advanced LIGO. The resulting nanometer scale thermo-elastic deformations and substrate lenses from these micron-scale absorbers significantly reduce the sensitivity of the interferometer directly though a reduction in the power-recycling gain and indirect interactions with the feedback control system. We review the expected surface deformation from point absorbers and provide a pedagogical description of the impact on power buildup in second generation gravitational wave detectors (dual-recycled Fabry-Perot Michelson interferometers).