Anaeroselena agilis gen. nov., sp. nov., a Novel Sulfite- and Arsenate-Respiring Bacterium Within the Family Acetonemataceae Isolated from a Thermal Spring of North Ossetia.

A novel Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated 4137-cl, was isolated from a thermal spring of North Ossetia (Russian Federation). Strain 4137-cl grew at 30-50 °C (optimum 42 °C) with 0-3.5% NaCl (optimum 0-0.

sp. nov., a Thermophilic, Obligately Chemolithoautotrophic, Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacterium from a Hot Spring and Proposal of fam. nov.

An aerobic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, strain AK1, was isolated from a terrestrial hot spring of the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia. The cells of the new isolate were Gram-negative motile rods with a single polar flagellum. Strain AK1 grew at 37-55 °C (optimum 50 °C) with 0-1.

First Observation of Neutral Bremsstrahlung Electroluminescence in Liquid Argon.

A recent discovery of additional mechanism of electroluminescence (EL) in noble gases due to the neutral bremsstrahlung (NBrS) effect led to a prediction that NBrS EL should be present in noble liquids as well. A theoretical model of NBrS EL in noble liquids was developed accordingly in the frameworks of Cohen-Lekner and Atrazhev. In this work, we confirm this prediction: For the first time, visible-range EL has been observed in liquid argon at electric fields reaching 90  kV/cm, using gas electron multiplier (GEM) and thick GEM structures.

Genomic Insights into Syntrophic Lifestyle of ' Contubernalis alkaliaceticus' Based on the Reversed Wood-Ljungdahl Pathway and Mechanism of Direct Electron Transfer.

The anaerobic oxidation of fatty acids and alcohols occurs near the thermodynamic limit of life. This process is driven by syntrophic bacteria that oxidize fatty acids and/or alcohols, their syntrophic partners that consume the products of this oxidation, and the pathways for interspecies electron exchange via these products or direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET). Due to the interdependence of syntrophic microorganisms on each other's metabolic activity, their isolation in pure cultures is almost impossible.

Molecular and morphological screening of spp. (Trematoda: Opecoelidae) sheds light on their diversity in Northwest Pacific and eastern European Arctic.

is a genus of marine opecoelid digeneans that parasitize a wide variety of fish as adults. We present the first phylogenetic analysis of several isolates using nuclear 28S rDNA and mitochondrial 1 DNA regions. New sequences were obtained for specimens from fish caught in the Sea of Okhotsk and the White Sea.

Obligate autotrophy at the thermodynamic limit of life in a new acetogenic bacterium.

One of the important current issues of bioenergetics is the establishment of the thermodynamic limits of life. There is still no final understanding of what is the minimum value of the energy yield of a reaction that is sufficient to be used by an organism (the so-called "biological quantum of energy"). A reasonable model for determination of the minimal energy yield would be microorganisms capable of living on low-energy substrates, such as acetogenic prokaryotes.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. Strain 3827-6, a Hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeon, Isolated from a Kamchatka Hot Spring.

The genome of sp. strain 3827-6, a facultative autotrophic hyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from a Kamchatka hot spring, was sequenced and analyzed. Genome analysis predicted the dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle and a [NiFe]-hydrogenase, as well as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, altogether determining the possibility of both autotrophic and heterotrophic growth of this strain.

Taxonomic proposal for a deep branching bacterial phylogenetic lineage: transfer of the family Thermodesulfobiaceae to Thermodesulfobiales ord. nov., Thermodesulfobiia classis nov. and Thermodesulfobiota phyl. nov.

The family Thermodesulfobiaceae, comprising one genus Thermodesulfobium with two validly published species, is currently assigned to order Thermoanaerobacterales within the class Clostridia of the phylum Bacillota. At the same time, the very first 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic studies of representatives of the genus pointed out great differences between Thermodesulfobium and other members of the phylum Bacillota. Subsequent studies of new Thermodesulfobium representatives supported deep phylogenetic branching of this lineage within bacterial tree, implying that it represents a novel phylum.

Diversity and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Prokaryotes in Kamchatka Hot Springs.

Microbial communities of the Kamchatka Peninsula terrestrial hot springs were studied using radioisotopic and cultural approaches, as well as by the amplification and sequencing of and 16S rRNA genes fragments. Radioisotopic experiments with S-labeled sulfate showed that microbial communities of the Kamchatka hot springs are actively reducing sulfate. Both the cultivation experiments and the results of and 16S rRNA genes fragments analyses indicated the presence of microorganisms participating in the reductive part of the sulfur cycle.

Dissimilatory sulfate reduction in the archaeon 'Candidatus Vulcanisaeta moutnovskia' sheds light on the evolution of sulfur metabolism.

Dissimilatory sulfate reduction (DSR)-an important reaction in the biogeochemical sulfur cycle-has been dated to the Palaeoarchaean using geological evidence, but its evolutionary history is poorly understood. Several lineages of bacteria carry out DSR, but in archaea only Archaeoglobus, which acquired DSR genes from bacteria, has been proven to catalyse this reaction. We investigated substantial rates of sulfate reduction in acidic hyperthermal terrestrial springs of the Kamchatka Peninsula and attributed DSR in this environment to Crenarchaeota in the Vulcanisaeta genus.

Form III RubisCO-mediated transaldolase variant of the Calvin cycle in a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium.

The Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle assimilates CO for the primary production of organic matter in all plants and algae, as well as in some autotrophic bacteria. The key enzyme of the CBB cycle, ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO), is a main determinant of de novo organic matter production on Earth. Of the three carboxylating forms of RubisCO, forms I and II participate in autotrophy, and form III so far has been associated only with nucleotide and nucleoside metabolism.

Desulfothermobacter acidiphilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermoacidophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from a terrestrial hot spring.

An anaerobic sulfate-reducing micro-organism, strain 3408-1, was isolated from a terrestrial hot spring in Kamchatka peninsula (Russia). The cells were spore-forming rods with a Gram-positive type of cell wall. The new isolate was a moderately thermoacidophilic anaerobe able to grow either by sulfate or thiosulfate respiration with H2 or formate as substrates, or by fermenting yeast extract, maltose, sucrose, glucose and pyruvate.

Microbial diversity and autotrophic activity in Kamchatka hot springs.

Microbial communities of Kamchatka Peninsula terrestrial hot springs were studied using molecular, radioisotopic and cultural approaches. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments performed by means of high-throughput sequencing revealed that aerobic autotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of the genus Sulfurihydrogenibium (phylum Aquificae) dominated in a majority of streamers. Another widely distributed and abundant group was that of anaerobic bacteria of the genus Caldimicrobium (phylum Thermodesulfobacteria).

Thermodesulfobium acidiphilum sp. nov., a thermoacidophilic, sulfate-reducing, chemoautotrophic bacterium from a thermal site.

An obligately anaerobic, sulfate-reducing micro-organism, strain 3127-1T, was isolated from geothermally heated soil (Oil Site, Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia). The new isolate was a moderately thermoacidophilic anaerobe able to grow with H2 or formate by respiration of sulfate or thiosulfate. The pH range for growth was 3.

Isolation and complete genome sequencing of rabies virus strain isolated from a brown bear (Ursus arctos) that attacked a human in Primorsky krai (November, 2014).

An attack of a brown bear (Ursus arctos) on human was detected in November, 2014 in the Barabash village (Khasan region of the Primorski krai) located in close proximity to the national park Land of the Leopard. The bear was shot. The deviant behavior of the bear indicated the possibility of rabies.

CRISPR Interference Efficiently Induces Specific and Reversible Gene Silencing in Human iPSCs.

Developing technologies for efficient and scalable disruption of gene expression will provide powerful tools for studying gene function, developmental pathways, and disease mechanisms. Here, we develop clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat interference (CRISPRi) to repress gene expression in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). CRISPRi, in which a doxycycline-inducible deactivated Cas9 is fused to a KRAB repression domain, can specifically and reversibly inhibit gene expression in iPSCs and iPSC-derived cardiac progenitors, cardiomyocytes, and T lymphocytes.

Synthesis and biological activity of 5-styryl and 5-phenethyl-substituted 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indoles.

Syntheses, biological evaluation, and structure-activity relationships for a series of novel 5-styryl and 5-phenethyl analogs of dimebolin are disclosed. The novel derivatives and dimebolin share a broad spectrum of activities against therapeutically relevant targets. Among all synthesized derivatives, 2,8-dimethyl-5-[(Z)-2-phenylvinyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole and its 5-phenethyl analog are the most potent blockers of 5-HT(7), 5-HT(6), 5-HT(2C), Adrenergic alpha(2) and H(1) receptors.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5,8-disubstituted-2-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b] indoles as 5-HT(6) and H(1) receptors antagonists.

Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure-activity relationships (SAR) for a series of novel gamma-carboline analogues of Dimebon are described. Among the studied compounds, tetrahydro-gamma-carboline 5b (2,8-dimethyl-5-[cis-2-pyridin-3-ylvinyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-carboline) has been identified as the most potent small molecule antagonist, in particular against histamine H(1) and serotonin 5-HT(6) receptors (IC(50) < 0.45 microM and IC(50) = 0.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel gamma-carboline analogues of Dimebon as potent 5-HT6 receptor antagonists.

Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationships for a series of novel gamma-carboline analogues of Dimebon are described. Among the studied compounds, gamma-carbolines 3{8} and 3{14} have been identified as potent small molecule antagonists of histamine H(1) (IC(50)=0.1 microM) and serotonin 5-HT(6) (IC(50)=0.

[Secretory function of stomach in long term followup period after selective proximal vagotomy].

Regional proteolysis and average daily levels of acidity in different parts of the stomach in long term follow up periods (up to 16 years after the surgery) are analysed. The depressed levels of the secretion remained during all the long term period. In older patients with isolated SPV the level of acidity is decreasing, mainly in distal parts of the stomach by the 11th-16th year after the surgery.

[Heterogeneity of immunologic subtypes of blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia].

Phenotyping of blood cells derived from 12 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis with the use of Mab panel to differentiation antigens of human hemopoietic cells in a flow cytofluorimeter revealed heterogeneity of immunological phenotypes of blast cells. Subclones of blast cells were detected within each subset of disease at several successive stages of differentiation. The qualitative and quantitative composition of cell populations differing in immunological parameters is changed as a result of therapy given.

Hemoglobin dynamics in rat erythrocytes investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy.

Rats have been enriched in 57Fe and erythrocytes were isolated from the blood. Mössbauer absorption spectroscopy on the hemoglobin of these erythrocytes has shown rather similar dynamics as found earlier in crystals of myoglobin, in frozen solutions of human hemoglobin and in a number of other proteins. The results strongly indicate that the motion of the heme and presumably some part of the F-helix is mainly influenced by the average viscosity of the sample determined by a network of hydrogen bridges and other weak interactions.

[Changes in the neuronal membrane potential of the mollusk Planorbarius corneus under the action of cardiac glycosides].

In experiments on isolated neurones from the gastropod mollusc P. corneus, strophantin and digoxin in low concentrations produce slow hyperpolarization, in higher ones--depolarization; at concentrations about 1 mM, hyperpolarization was more evident. In all cases, the decrease in membrane resistance was observed.