Colorectal cancer screening based on predicted risk: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening relies primarily on colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT). Aligning utilization of these options with individual CRC risk may optimize benefit with lower risks, individual burden, and societal costs. We studied the effect of communicating personalized CRC risk and corresponding screening recommendations on risk-appropriate screening uptake in an organized screening setting.

The Effects of Critical Care Nutrition on Weight Gain in African Penguin () Chicks.

Nutritional support in malnourished animals is an essential aspect of wildlife rehabilitation; this support is especially relevant when providing lifesaving nutrition to endangered species such as the African penguin (). This study investigated the short-term effects of a commercially available, semi-elemental, critical care diet compared with a hand-made fish formula. Twenty-one African penguin chicks were selected on admission to the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Costal Birds in Cape Town, South Africa, in November 2015.

Colorectal Cancer Screening Decision Based on Predicted Risk: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Incidence of and mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC) can be effectively reduced by screening with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or colonoscopy. Individual risk to develop CRC within 15 years varies from <1% to >15% among people aged 50 to 75 years. Communicating personalized CRC risk and appropriate screening recommendations could improve the risk-benefit balance of screening test allocations and optimize the use of limited colonoscopy resources.

Adherence to Recommendations and Quality of Endoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surveillance in Long-Standing Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Long-standing ulcerative colitis has been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Current guidelines recommend endoscopic CRC screening after 8 years of disease duration. The objectives of our study were to assess the adherence to recommendations and the quality of endoscopic procedure in long-standing ulcerative colitis.

Patient-reported healthcare expectations in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Background: Patient-reported experience is an important component of a holistic approach to quality of care. Patients' expectations of treatments and global disease management may indicate their illness representations and their satisfaction and hopes regarding quality of care.

Objective: To study expectations of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Superficial Chronic Ulcerative Dermatitis (SCUD) in Psittacine Birds: Review of 11 Cases (2008-2016).

We reviewed 11 cases of superficial chronic ulcerative dermatitis (SCUD) in psittacine birds that presented to an exotic animal practice over an 8-year period. African grey parrots ( Psittacus erithacus) were overrepresented, accounting for 55% of SCUD-affected birds. All affected birds were hand-reared pets and bonded strongly to their owners.

Anti-TNF Treatment for Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Swiss IBD Cohort Study.

Background: Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are frequently observed. Little is known about the efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in EIM management. We assessed the effect of 3 anti-TNF agents (infliximab, adalimumab, and certolizumab pegol) on EIM evolution.

Patient self-reported concerns in inflammatory bowel diseases: A gender-specific subjective quality-of-life indicator.

Background: Patient-reported disease perceptions are important components to be considered within a holistic model of quality of care. Gender may have an influence on these perceptions. We aimed to explore gender-specific concerns of patients included in a national bilingual inflammatory bowel disease cohort.

Extraintestinal Manifestations of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Prevalence, Presentation, and Anti-TNF Treatment.

Background: There is a paucity of data on extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) and their treatment in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: Since 2008, the Pediatric Swiss IBD Cohort Study has collected data on the pediatric IBD population in Switzerland. Data on 329 patients were analyzed retrospectively.

Experts Opinion on the Practical Use of Azathioprine and 6-Mercaptopurine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

The relevance of azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine therapy in inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis, has been challenged in recent publications. In this article, a panel of experts gives advice, based on the relevant literature, on indications and practical use of azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine, prevention, and management of drug adverse reactions and special situations such as vaccination, pregnancy, and lactation.

Patients and gastroenterologists' perceptions of treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases: do their perspectives match?

Background: Perceptions of appropriateness of treatments may differ between gastroenterologists (GIs) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. The aim of this study was to explore and compare GIs' and patients' perceptions of risks and benefits of treatments and prioritization of expected outcomes.

Methods: Four vignette cases were drawn from clinical situations and used in three independent focus groups with GIs (n = 7), ulcerative colitis (UC-p, n = 8) and Crohn's disease patients (CD-p, n = 6).

Chronological Order of Appearance of Extraintestinal Manifestations Relative to the Time of IBD Diagnosis in the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort.

Background: Data evaluating the chronological order of appearance of extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) relative to the time of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis is currently lacking. We aimed to assess the type, frequency, and chronological order of appearance of EIMs in patients with IBD.

Methods: Data from the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study were analyzed.

Aqueous black colloids of reticular nanostructured gold.

Since ancient times, noble gold has continuously contributed to several aspects of life from medicine to electronics. It perpetually reveals its new features. We report the finding of a unique form of gold, reticular nanostructured gold (RNG), as an aqueous black colloid, for which we present a one-step synthesis.

Acceptance of inflammatory bowel disease treatment recommendations based on appropriateness ratings: do practicing gastroenterologists agree with experts?

Background: Appropriateness criteria for the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have been developed by expert panels. Little is known about the acceptance of such recommendations by care providers. The aim was to explore how treatment decisions of practicing gastroenterologists differ from those of experts, using a vignette case study and a focus group.

Factors associated with durable response to infliximab in Crohn's disease 5 years and beyond: a multicenter international cohort.

Background: Infliximab (IFX) has been used for over a decade worldwide. Less is known about the natural history of IFX use beyond a few years and which patients are more likely to sustain benefits.

Methods: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) exposed to IFX from Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, and the Swiss IBD Cohort Study were identified through retrospective and prospective data collection, complemented by chart abstraction of electronic medical records.

The gap between scientific evidence and clinical practice: 5-aminosalicylates are frequently used for the treatment of Crohn's disease.

Background: There is uncertain evidence of effectiveness of 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA) to induce and maintain response and remission of active Crohn's disease (CD), and weak evidence to support their use in post-operative CD.

Aim: To assess the frequency and determinants of 5-ASA use in CD patients and to evaluate the physicians' perception of clinical response and side effects to 5-ASA.

Methods: Data from the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort, which collects data since 2006 on a large sample of IBD patients, were analysed.

IR spectroscopic methods for the investigation of the CO release from CORMs.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a toxic gas for mammals, and despite this fact, it is naturally produced in these organisms and has been proven to be beneficial in medical treatments, too. Therefore, CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) are intensively developed to administer and dose CO for physiological applications. Nearly all of these compounds are metal carbonyl complexes, which have been synthesized and investigated.

Diagnostic yield of endoscopy in patients with abdominal complaints: incremental value of faecal calprotectin on guidelines of appropriateness.

Background: European Panel on the Appropriateness of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (EPAGE) criteria have been developed to increase diagnostic yield, but their predictive value is limited. We investigated the incremental diagnostic value of faecal calprotectin to EPAGE criteria.

Methods: In a post-hoc analysis of a prospective study, EPAGE criteria were applied to 298 of 575 (51.

Patients' information-seeking activity is associated with treatment compliance in inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Background: Despite the chronic and relapsing nature of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), at least 30% to 45% of the patients are noncompliant to treatment. IBD patients often seek information about their disease.

Aim: To examine the association between information-seeking activity and treatment compliance among IBD patients.

Appropriateness and long-term discontinuation rate of biological therapies in ulcerative colitis.

Background: Anti-TNFα agents are commonly used for ulcerative colitis (UC) therapy in the event of non-response to conventional strategies or as colon-salvaging therapy. The objectives were to assess the appropriateness of biological therapies for UC patients and to study treatment discontinuation over time, according to appropriateness of treatment, as a measure of outcome.

Methods: We selected adult ulcerative colitis patients from the Swiss IBD cohort who had been treated with anti-TNFα agents.

Penetrating or stricturing diseases are the major determinants of time to first and repeat resection surgery in Crohn's disease.

Background: About 80% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) require bowel resection and up to 65% will undergo a second resection within 10 years. This study reports clinical risk factors for resection surgery (RS) and repeat RS.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study, using data from patients included in the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort.

When do we dare to stop biological or immunomodulatory therapy for Crohn's disease? Results of a multidisciplinary European expert panel.

Background: Safety and economic issues have increasingly raised concerns about the long term use of immunomodulators or biologics as maintenance therapies for Crohn's disease (CD). Despite emerging evidence suggesting that stopping therapy might be an option for low risk patients, criteria identifying target groups for this strategy are missing, and there is a lack of recommendations regarding this question.

Methods: Multidisciplinary European expert panel (EPACT-II Update) rated the appropriateness of stopping therapy in CD patients in remission.