Nile red staining for rapid screening of plastic-suspect particles in edible seafood tissues.

Concerns regarding microplastic (MP) contamination in aquatic ecosystems and its impact on seafood require a better understanding of human dietary MP exposure including extensive monitoring. While conventional techniques for MP analysis like infrared or Raman microspectroscopy provide detailed particle information, they are limited by low sample throughput, particularly when dealing with high particle numbers in seafood due to matrix-related residues. Consequently, more rapid techniques need to be developed to meet the requirements of large-scale monitoring.

HTRA1 disaggregates α-synuclein amyloid fibrils and converts them into non-toxic and seeding incompetent species.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is closely linked to α-synuclein (α-syn) misfolding and accumulation in Lewy bodies. The PDZ serine protease HTRA1 degrades fibrillar tau, which is associated with Alzheimer's disease, and inactivating mutations to mitochondrial HTRA2 are implicated in PD. Here, we report that HTRA1 inhibits aggregation of α-syn as well as FUS and TDP-43, which are implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia.

Physicochemical and Sensory Characterization of Whey Protein-Enriched Semihard Cheese.

In view of potential future changes of German food legislation with regard to cheese product quality parameters, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of whey protein-enriched semihard cheese (WPEC). Model WPEC was produced in a pilot plant and on an industrial scale by adding defined amounts of high-heat (HH) milk to the cheese milk and comprehensively analyzed during cheese processing. The dry matter, total protein, pure protein, fat, and sodium chloride content of six-week ripened cheese samples were not significantly different ( < 0.

Fast and User-Friendly Detection of Flatfish Species ( and ) via Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP).

The detection of a Cytochrome gene () for species differentiation in fish is intensively used. A fast alternative to expensive and time-consuming DNA barcoding is loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in combination with efficient readout systems. For this reason, we developed LAMP assays for rapid species detection of and , two economically important flatfish species in Europe that are prone to mislabeling.

HtrA1 prevents and reverses α-synuclein aggregation, rendering it non-toxic and seeding incompetent.

Parkinson disease (PD) is closely linked to the misfolding and accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) into Lewy bodies. HtrA1 is a PDZ serine protease that degrades fibrillar tau, which is associated with Alzheimer disease (AD). Further, inactivating mutations to mitochondrial HtrA2 have been implicated in PD.

Identification of Marker Peptides for the Whey Protein Quantification in Edam-Type Cheese.

Several technologies are available for incorporating whey proteins into a cheese matrix. However, there is no valid analytical method available to determine the whey protein content in matured cheese, to date. Consequently, the aim of the present study was to develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of individual whey proteins based on specific marker peptides ('bottom-up' proteomic approach).

Feasibility and Safety of Personalized, Multi-Target, Adoptive Cell Therapy (IMA101): First-in-Human Clinical Trial in Patients with Advanced Metastatic Cancer.

IMA101 is an actively personalized, multi-targeted adoptive cell therapy (ACT), whereby autologous T cells are directed against multiple novel defined peptide-HLA (pHLA) cancer targets. HLA-A*02:01-positive patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumors expressing ≥1 of 8 predefined targets underwent leukapheresis. Endogenous T cells specific for up to 4 targets were primed and expanded in vitro.

Uridine as a non-toxic actinometer for UV-C treatment: influence of temperature and concentration.

UV-C treatment is an effective method to inactivate microorganisms and therefore gets increasingly more attention in food industry, especially for liquid products. To test and monitor different UV-C reactor designs, a photochemical actinometer is required that gives reliable UV-C dose values and is non-toxic allowing frequent control of the production chain. Here, a variable concentrated aqueous uridine solution is tested as a photochemical actinometer.

Objectively measured adherence to physical activity among patients with coronary artery disease: Comparison of the 2010 and 2020 World Health Organization guidelines and daily steps.

Background: Tailored recommendations for patients after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) need physical activity (PA) to be objectively measured and assessed for adherence to guidelines. The recent WHO guidelines removed the daily recommended bout duration, while the potential impact of this change on patients after PCI remains unclear.

Aim: We evaluated prevalence estimates of adherence to PA recommendations among patients after PCI across the 2010 [≥30 min moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) at ≥ 10-min bout duration] and 2020 WHO guidelines (≥30 min of MVPA of any bout duration), as well as 7,500 and 10,000 steps.

Quantitative immunopeptidomics reveals a tumor stroma-specific target for T cell therapy.

T cell receptor (TCR)-based immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of patients with solid cancers. Identifying peptide-human leukocyte antigen (pHLA) complexes highly presented on tumors and rarely expressed on healthy tissue in combination with high-affinity TCRs that when introduced into T cells can redirect T cells to eliminate tumor but not healthy tissue is a key requirement for safe and efficacious TCR-based therapies. To discover promising shared tumor antigens that could be targeted via TCR-based adoptive T cell therapy, we employed population-scale immunopeptidomics using quantitative mass spectrometry across ~1500 tumor and normal tissue samples.

Use of long-acting injectable buprenorphine in the correctional setting.

Background: As overdoses due to opioids rise, medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) continue to be underemployed, resulting in limited access to potentially life-saving treatment. Substance use disorders are prevalent in individuals who are incarcerated, and these individuals are at increased risk for death postrelease due to overdose. Few jails and prisons offer MOUD and most limit access.

Influence of processing and storage on the iodine content of meat and fish products using iodized salt.

Table salt fortified with KIO is commonly used to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. However, there is a lack of reliable data about the stability of KIO during food processing. In this study several meat and fish products were prepared with iodized salt and the iodine stability was determined through the whole production process.

High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography-Immunostaining as a Technique for the Characterization of Whey Protein Enrichment in Edam Cheese.

Whey protein-enriched cheese can be produced by means of a high-temperature treatment of a part of the cheese milk. In this way, the nutritional quality of the resulting cheeses can be increased while resources are conserved. High-performance thin-layer chromatography-immunostaining (HPTLC-IS) using specific β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) antibodies was applied to study the implementation and stability of β-LG in two different sample sets of whey protein-enriched Edam model cheeses, including industrial-scale ones.

Two-dimensional high-performance thin-layer chromatography for the characterization of milk peptide properties and a prediction of the retention behavior - a proof-of-principle study.

High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a suitable method for the analysis of peptides and proteins due to a wide selection of stationary and mobile phases and various detection options. Especially, two-dimensional HPTLC (2D-HPTLC) enables a higher resolution compared to one-dimensional HPTLC in the separation of complex peptide mixtures. Similar to 2D electrophoresis, characteristic peptide patterns can be obtained, allowing a differentiation of ingredients based on varying protein origins.

Pitfalls in HLA Ligandomics-How to Catch a Li(e)gand.

Knowledge about the peptide repertoire presented by human leukocyte antigens (HLA) holds the key to unlock target-specific cancer immunotherapies such as adoptive cell therapies or bispecific T cell engaging receptors. Therefore, comprehensive and accurate characterization of HLA peptidomes by mass spectrometry (immunopeptidomics) across tissues and disease states is essential. With growing numbers of immunopeptidomics datasets and the scope of peptide identification strategies reaching beyond the canonical proteome, the likelihood for erroneous peptide identification as well as false annotation of HLA-independent peptides as HLA ligands is increasing.

A DNA microarray for the authentication of giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) and whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei): a proof-of-principle.

This proof-of-principle study describes the development of a rapid and easy-to-use DNA microarray assay for the authentication of giant tiger prawns and whiteleg shrimp. Following DNA extraction and conventional end-point PCR of a 16S rDNA segment, the PCR products are hybridised to species-specific oligonucleotide probes on DNA microarrays located at the bottom of centrifuge tubes (ArrayTubes) and the resulting signal patterns are compared to those of reference specimens. A total of 21 species-specific probes were designed and signal patterns were recorded for 47 crustacean specimens belonging to 16 species of seven families.

Effect of reduction of sodium content on the microbial ecology of Edam cheese samples.

Sodium intake is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Consequently, reformulation of cheeses such as Edam to contain less sodium may contribute to lowering disease risk. However, sodium is essential for cheese manufacture, influencing starter culture bacteria activity and abundance during fermentation.

Developing an Automatic Color Determination Procedure for the Quality Assessment of Mangos () Using a CCD Camera and Color Standards.

Color is one of the key sensory characteristics in the evaluation of the quality of mangos () especially with regard to determining the optimal level of ripeness. However, an objective color determination of entire fruits can be a challenging task. Conventional evaluation methods such as colorimetric or spectrophotometric procedures are primarily limited to a homogenous distribution of the color.

Microbial composition of sweetness-enhanced yoghurt during fermentation and storage.

The reformulation of dairy products to contain less added sugar can contribute to reducing sugar consumption, thereby reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the microbial ecology of reformulated yoghurt, which was produced using bi-enzymatic modification of lactose to increase its sweetness by a factor of 2-3. Ultimately, this reformulation strategy could reduce the amount of added sugar needed for equal sweetness of the end product.

[Fix the Supply Side! Demand Stimulus Will Not Cure What Ails].

The explosion of Covid-19 cases is looming in Germany. The German Society for Epidemiology has warned that the number of cases could soon overshoot the capacity of the healthcare system. This may be true even if Germany follows the 'flatten-the-curve'- approach to reduce infection rates.

Design of a user-friendly and rapid DNA microarray assay for the authentication of ten important food fish species.

Seafood is particularly susceptible to the substitution of species. In order to guarantee authentic seafood products, seafood processors and traders must perform self-checks on the authenticity of imported and purchased goods. However, the conventional Sanger sequencing of PCR products for the authentication of seafood species is time-consuming and requires advanced infrastructure.

Correction to: Chemometric tools for the authentication of cod liveroil based on nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy data.

The article Chemometric tools for the authentication of cod liver oil based on nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy data, written by Editha Giese, Sascha Rohn and Jan Fritsche.

Chemometric tools for the authentication of cod liver oil based on nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy data.

Cod liver oil is a popular dietary supplement marketed as a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids as well as vitamins A and D. Due to its high market price, cod liver oil is vulnerable to adulteration with lower priced vegetable oils. In this study, H and C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography (coupled to a flame ionization detector) were used in combination with multivariate statistics to determine cod liver oil adulteration with common vegetable oils (sunflower and canola oils).