Standard Model Prediction for Direct CP Violation in K→ππ Decay.

We report the first lattice QCD calculation of the complex kaon decay amplitude A_{0} with physical kinematics, using a 32³×64 lattice volume and a single lattice spacing a, with 1/a=1.3784(68) GeV. We find Re(A_{0})=4.

Isospin splittings in the light-baryon octet from lattice QCD and QED.

While electromagnetic and up-down quark mass difference effects on octet baryon masses are very small, they have important consequences. The stability of the hydrogen atom against beta decay is a prominent example. Here, we include these effects by adding them to valence quarks in a lattice QCD calculation based on Nf=2+1 simulations with five lattice spacings down to 0.

3-fluoro- and 3,3-difluoro-3,4-dideoxy-KRN7000 analogues as new potent immunostimulator agents: total synthesis and biological evaluation in human invariant natural killer T cells and mice.

We propose here the synthesis and biological evaluation of 3,4-dideoxy-GalCer derivatives. The absence of the 3- and 4-hydroxyls on the sphingoid base is combined with the introduction of mono or difluoro substituent at C3 (analogues 8 and 9, respectively) to evaluate their effect on the stability of the ternary CD1d/GalCer/TCR complex which strongly modulate the immune responses. Biological evaluations were performed in vitro on human cells and in vivo in mice and results discussed with support of modeling studies.

Synthesis of rhodium(I) and iridium(I) complexes of chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes and their application to asymmetric transfer hydrogenation.

Rhodium and iridium complexes of chiral NHC-phenolimine and NHC-amine ligands have been prepared and studied for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation. X-ray and NMR spectroscopy show that for NHC-phenolimine complexes abstraction of chloride results in a change in ligand coordination from NHC only to chelating NHC-imine. Complexes of NHC-amines are inactive for transfer hydrogenation, whereas complexes of NHC-phenolimines are active at room temperature for a range of aryl containing ketones.

Addition of N-heterocyclic carbenes to imines: phenoxide assisted deprotonation of an imidazolium moiety and generation of breslow intermediates derived from imines.

Reactions between imidazolium-imine salts and base result in C-C bond formation via intermediate N-heterocyclic carbenes. In the presence of a proximal OH moiety, carbene formation occurs via intramolecular deprotonation by phenoxide. For simple imines, a reactive Breslow-type intermediate gives access to new heterocycles with the formation of six- and seven-member rings.

Ab initio determination of light hadron masses.

More than 99% of the mass of the visible universe is made up of protons and neutrons. Both particles are much heavier than their quark and gluon constituents, and the Standard Model of particle physics should explain this difference. We present a full ab initio calculation of the masses of protons, neutrons, and other light hadrons, using lattice quantum chromodynamics.

[Evaluation of management of infarction in the Franche Comté province by the use of the Franche Comté Cardiology Registry, May 2005-May 2006].

Rationale: The management of acute infarction often necessitates a network of organisation between different centres, thus making it the object of an evaluation of professional practices (EPP). We report the experience in the Franche Comté province of an EPP at a regional level in the management of infarction.

Methods: All of the patients admitted to 10 of the 11 centres in the region were included in a prospective survey.

[Results of high amplification electrocardiogram in primary dilated cardiomyopathy].

Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy carries a high risk of sudden death. It is also associated with sustained ventricular tachycardia. A complex ventricular arrhythmia is recorded in 3/4 of cases on Holter monitoring which has a low specificity.

[Primary hyperlipoproteinemia in childhood (author's transl)].

Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is an unusual entity in children. Only 6 cases have been described so far to our knowledge. Authors present a 9 year old male that came for diagnosis of a hepatosplenomegaly.

[Hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Report of two cases (author's transl)].

The familial periodic hypokalemic paralysis is an infrequent disease characterized by paralytic attacks of sudden appearance affecting the muscles of the trunk and limbs. There is a marked hypokalemia during the paralytic episodes of the disease, and a family history in 80 percent of the cases. The differential diagnosis includes hyperthyroidism with periodic paralysis, congenital paramyotony and adynamia episodica hereditaria.

[Bile acids II. Physiopathologic and clinical aspects (author's transl)].

It is generally accepted that the bile acids are responsible for pathologies as a result of deficiency or by toxic action. Quantitative deficiency is difficult to evaluate but the normal pool of bile acids is generally considered to be between 2 and4 grams. Daily loss and replacement by synthesis is thought to be between 500 and 700 mg.

[Bile acids. I. Nature, physiology, and functions (author's transl)].

Bile acids play a fundamental role in the degradation and absorption of intestinal lipids. The primary ones are cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid which are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver and conjugate with taurine and glycine amino acids. The secondary bile acids are derived from the primary ones by the enzyme action of intestinal bacteria through a process of deconjugation and dehydroxylation.

In vivo and in vitro relationship between lipoprotein-X and bile salts in cholestasis.

Bile salts have been shown to act on lipoprotein-X (LP-X) in vitro to induce a false-negative electrophoretic test. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between serum LP-X and serum bile acids in patients with cholestasis. The in vitro concentration of bile salts required to induce a negative or reduced concentration of LP-X was also studied.

Liver tissue lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity in patients with liver disease.

Lecithin: Cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity was measured in serum and liver tissue from patients with parenchymal liver disease. Serum LCAT activity was within normal limits and it was probably related to the absence of clinical and laboratory evidence of a decompensated liver function. Liver tissue LCAT activity is about tenfold lower than that in serum.