Genetic polymorphism under cyclical selection in long-lived species: The complex effect of age structure and maternal selection.

Maternal selection and overlapping generations can facilitate the stable coexistence of alleles under temporally fluctuating environment. Using mathematical models, we considered the complex effect of both factors on the maintenance of genetic polymorphism in cyclically changing environments. We concentrated on asymmetric cyclic selection, which allows describing fluctuations of environments by analogy of food resources cycles with rare peaks and prolonged decline of prey abundance.

[Electrical Burn with an Extensive Deep Defect of the Fronto-Orbital Region].

A 34-year-old worker suffered electrical burns on his head and right hand caused by the contact with a 380 V power source. He was unconscious, intubated, hospitalised at the ICU, and later he woke up. The entry wound was on the right hand and the exit wound on the head.

Toluene abuse markers in marginalized populations.

Toluene abuse is one of the most common addictions among marginalized Roma. The aim of the study was the comparison of urinary toluene metabolite levels in marginalized population of Eastern Slovakia as compared to the majority population, and to verify the validity of the answers, given in the questionnaires, regarding toluene abuse. The study was carried out as part of the HEPA-META project aiming to map the prevalence of health problems in marginalized Roma.

Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Fractions in Marginalized Roma versus Majority Population.

The trend of modern clinical biochemistry is to emphasize the composition and the quality of lipoproteins over their quantity. The serum lipoprotein fractions and subfractions were analyzed by the Lipoprint Lipoprotein Subfractions Testing System, the parameters of lipid profile, as total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triacylglycerides (TAG) were determined by an automated selective biochemical analyzer. Our results showed a significantly lower concentration of cholesterol in the LDL fractions 1 and 2 and in the HDL fractions 8 to 10 in Roma compared to the majority population.

[Manifestation of multimodality in a simple ecological-genetic model of population evolution].

An investigation of the nature of dynamics of the population size and genetic structure is carried out for a homogeneous ecologically limited population influenced by density-dependent r-K selection in a single diallelic genetic locus. The detailed study of the results of basic types of natural selection is carried out with additional consideration of the influence of initial conditions. It is shown that coexistence of several different asymptotic dynamic modes (with their own attraction basins) is possible in numerous enough parametric domains which are meaningful biologically.

Fournier's gangrene (necrotising fasciitis) complicated by renal and respiratory insufficiency: a case report.

A case report of a 68-year-old male obese diabetic patient with an abscess of left femoral region, and diffuse inflammation of abdominal wall and genital region developing sepsis, respiratory and renal failure. At admission in the regional hospital a diagnosis of polymicrobial necrotising fasciitis with suspected sepsis was declared. The patient was transferred to the special intensive care unit (SICU) of Burns and reconstructive surgery at the Kosice-Saca.

[Modelling of selection acting upon the pleioptropic locus in an asynchronous population].

We created and examined a mathematical model describing the size and genetic composition dynamics in a population with two age classes, where the survival of both zygotes and adult individuals is determined by one pleioptropic locus. Even under present limitations, as the outside effects of a complex multigenic system are reduced to the case of single locus, our model demonstrates a wide range of different evolutionary scenarios for possible changes in the population dynamics. An increase in the reproductive potential and survival is accompanied by a transition from stable to oscillating population numbers.

[The effect of optimal harvesting on the dynamics of size and genetic composition of a two-age population].

The effect of optimal stationary harvesting at a constant harvest rate on the dynamics of a two-age population is considered. It has been shown analytically that harvesting a fixed rate of the population size of only one age cohort is optimal. As has been observed, the maximum of revenue function is unattainable in the case of concurrent harvesting of both age cohorts.

Electrical burns in our workplace.

Background: There were totally 2320 patients during the period 2004-2013 hospitalised in our workplace with thermal injury, 87 of which were electric burns (3.75%).

Results: The majority of electric burns occurred to men 67 cases (76.

[Simulation of the competition for light in forest stands of the same age].

A model simulating the growth and interaction of trees during their competition for light has been proposed and verified. Qualitative analys of the model behavior at various values of parameters determining the tree growth rate has been performed. The model verification shows a sufficiently high accuracy of the model approximation of empirical tree growth data.

Red cell antioxidant enzymes and prognostic indexes in patients with burns.

Red cell superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) were measured in 66 burned patients (57 men, 9 women, age 16-78 years). BSAB varied from 15 to 93% and ABSI from 3 to 14 points. In the first week after injury the activity of SOD was significantly decreased as compared with the activity of the enzymes in the control group and was also below the reference values.

[Nonlinear population dynamics: complication in the age structure influences transition-to-chaos scenarios].

The work continues a series of studies on the evolution of a natural population of explicitly seasonal organisms. Model analyses have revealed relationships between the duration of ontogenesis and the pattern of temporal dynamics in size of an isolated population (i.e.

[Heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of the primordial organic substance as an initial stage of biological evolution].

An approach to describe the emergence of the primordial evolving system has been developed. The dynamics of polymerization/depolymerization of some spatially distributed prebiological structures has been analyzed, and two phases of the development of the system have been identified. In the first phase, the polymerization of organic monomers occurs by the influence of external factors, and in the second one depolymerization takes place.

[Effect of harvesting on the genetic diversity and dynamic behavior of a limited Mendelian population].

A mathematical model of the changes in the size and genetic diversity of a harvested, single-locus Mendelian population under the conditions of density-dependent selection is analyzed, with a special emphasis on the possibility of conserving or loosing polymorphism as a result of equilibrium harvesting. It is demonstrated that harvesting leads to changes in intrapopulation parameters under the conditions of density-dependent selection; as a result, the genotypes that were the least fit in an unharvested population will prove more fit, the genetic composition of the population at equilibrium being changed accordingly. Thus, harvesting may, under different conditions, either conserve or reduce the genetic diversity of the population.

[Evolutionary transition to complex population dynamic patterns in a two-age population].

An evolutionary model of density-dependent selection in a two-age population is considered. The model is studied analytically and numerically; the parametric regions of its different dynamic behaviors are determined. An example is used to analyze how an evolutionary increase in the mean fitness results in a more complex population dynamics in a structured population.

[Dynamic regimes in a model of single-locus density-dependent selection].

A model of density-dependent selection in a Mendelian single-locus population was analyzed in the case where the fitnesses of genotypic forms are exponential functions of the population size. Analytical and numerical studies of the model were performed for a diallelic locus, and parametric regions were established for different dynamic behaviors of the model. The diallelic model of density-dependent selection was generalized to a multiallelic locus; the results of its analysis are described.

[Nonlinear effects on population dynamics related to age structure and fishery impact].

Population dynamics of commercial fish populations with an age structure was studied by the example of salmons. The relationship between the amount of catch on fishing efforts and total abundance of a stock fished is described by a nonlinear "trophic" function. Special attention is given to the analysis of population dynamics stability under conditions for maximum profit.

Total antioxidant capacity of serum and prognostic indices in patients with burn trauma.

Burn trauma leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species and compromises the antioxidant systems. The aim of present study was to assess the total antioxidant capacity of plasma (TAC) in burn patients and evaluate its usefulness in clinical practice through analysis of association between TAC and indices of patient prognosis. We investigated TAC in 48 adults and 27 children with severe burn trauma and in 26 healthy controls.

[Analysis of the fixation of discrete genetic structures by means of an integral model of evolution in a Mendelian one-locus population of diploid organisms].

An integral model of the evolution of a Mendelian one-locus population of diploid organisms with continual allele diversity developing under density-limiting conditions or without density limitation has been proposed and analyzed. The model was used to study the mechanism of the appearance of discrete genetic structures, i.e.

[A comparison of effects of agents stabilizing or destroying the water structure on conformational changes of a DNA molecule in solutions exposed to gamma-irradiation].

It was shown that gamma-irradiation of water-ethanol and water-n-propanol solutions of DNA with doses of 10-30 Gy leads to a fall of the specific volume of the macromolecule upon the cooperative transition at a critical concentration of alcohol in solution at which the destroying of water structure by a nonelectrolyte occurs.