[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: Metabolic complications].

Strongly linked to the presence of obesity, the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is an independent risk factor for abnormalities of glucose metabolism ranging from simple impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes. It is also a risk factor for dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The pathological mechanisms underlying these associations remain to be precisely discovered, but intermittent hypoxia is probably one of the major factors.

The European "clinical trial" regulation; relationship with the Jardé Act: a Giens workshop.

In May 2014, the European Union Parliament and Council published a new regulation on clinical trials on medicinal products for human use, which is designed to replace Directive 2001/20/EC. It will not come into effect until 2016. Nevertheless, it is essential to examine its relationship with national legislation, i.

Residual sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnoea: phenotype and related symptoms.

The characteristics of residual excessive sleepiness (RES), defined by an Epworth score >10 in adequately treated apnoeic patients, are unknown. 40 apnoeic patients, with (n = 20) and without (n = 20) RES, and 20 healthy controls underwent clinical interviews, cognitive and biological tests, polysomnography, a multiple sleep latency test, and 24-h sleep monitoring. The marked subjective sleepiness in the RES group (mean ± sd score 16.

Quality control of vital capacity as a primary outcome measure during phase III therapeutic clinical trial in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Currently, ALS clinical trials require large sample size and the participation of many clinical evaluators to perform the outcome measure. High variability due to testers, instruments, or patients performance errors may result in systematic bias or random error leading to erroneous or uninterpretable results. Consequently, a quality control system that aims to produce high quality data in terms of reproducibility and accuracy to ensure reliability of the primary outcome measure is essential.

[Which complementary studies and metabolic monitoring must be performed in OSAS? For which patients?].

Characterised by abnormal breathing during sleep, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is strongly associated with obesity. Visceral obesity is a component of metabolic syndrome with insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. OSA may also represent an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.

Double-blind study of cyamemazine and diazepam in the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

Objective: Cyamemazine is an original phenothiazine derivative which showed similar efficacy and tolerability to lorazepam during ethanol withdrawal in mice. This study investigated cyamemazine for its efficacy and tolerability in alcohol-dependent patients electing an alcohol withdrawal procedure, in comparison with diazepam.

Method: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind study in 89 alcohol-dependent patients (CIWA-Ar score between 10 and 30), electing an alcohol withdrawal procedure, was used to find effective doses of cyamemazine and to compare it with diazepam for efficacy and tolerability.