Inpatient or Outpatient: Does Initial Disposition Affect Outcomes in Trimalleolar Ankle Fractures?

Background The repair of trimalleolar fractures can be challenging for surgeons and may be managed as an inpatient or an outpatient. However, it is often unclear whether these patients should be admitted immediately or sent home from the emergency department (ED). This study aims to evaluate trimalleolar fractures treated surgically in the inpatient or outpatient settings to evaluate differences in outcomes for these patients.

Addressing Barriers to Timely Orthopaedic Follow-up for Foot and Ankle Fractures After Emergency Department Visits.

Introduction: Foot and ankle fractures present common challenges in emergency departments, warranting careful follow-up protocols for optimal patient outcomes. This study investigates the predictors of orthopaedic follow-up for these injuries after an emergency department (ED) visit.

Methods: A retrospective observational study of 1450 patients seen in the ED with foot or ankle fractures from July 2015 to February 2023 was conducted.

Applying the SOR framework to mitigate single-use plastic tableware consumption and why does it work? Solving the dissonance with an extended SOR framework.

Although plastic pollution is a critical environmental issue worldwide and household consumption of single-use plastic tableware (SUPT) is a growing concern, research on the determinants of SUPT use is deficient. In light of the prevalent and frequent use of SUPT, the far-reaching nature of its consumption, and its distinctive health concerns, compounded by the lack of dedicated regulations, this article sheds light on the SUPT problem and strives to minimize SUPT consumption. The Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework has been extensively applied in various contexts but not yet in the context of household SUPT consumption.

Pet ownership and maintenance of cognitive function in community-residing older adults: evidence from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA).

Pet ownership has been associated with reduced deterioration in physical health as older adults age; little research focused on deterioration in cognitive function. We examine the relationship of pet, dog, cat ownership, and dog walking to changes in cognitive function among 637 generally healthy community-dwelling older adults (185 pet owners) aged 50-100 years (M = 68.3, SD = 9.

Transosseous Fixation of the Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis: Comparison of Interosseous Suture and Endobutton Across Age Groups.

Background In the ankle, suture bridge fixation for syndesmotic injuries is commonly employed. Initial recommendations for suture bridge constructs advised against using the device in patients with insufficient quantity or quality of bone. Therefore, many surgeons limit its use to younger, more athletic patients and use traditional screw fixation in older, less active patients.

Postoperative venous thromboembolism risk-prediction in foot and ankle fracture surgery.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) are rare but serious complications after foot and ankle fracture surgery. A consensus definition of a high-risk patient has not been reached, leading to significant variability in the use of pharmacologic agents for VTE prophylaxis. The aim of this study was to develop a model for predicting VTE risk in patients undergoing surgery for foot and ankle fractures that is usable and scalable in clinical practice.

Pet Ownership and Maintenance of Physical Function in Older Adults-Evidence From the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA).

Background And Objectives: Pet ownership or human-animal interaction has been associated with better health outcomes in individuals with disease or disability. We hypothesized that pet ownership, as well as dog ownership and cat ownership separately, are associated with maintaining physical function, and leisure time physical activity and that among dog owners, dog walking is associated with maintaining these outcomes for generally healthy community-dwelling older adults participating in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 637 men (44.

Models and Algorithms for the Refinement of Therapeutic Approaches for Retinal Diseases.

We are developing a Virtual Eye for in silico therapies to accelerate research and drug development. In this paper, we present a model for drug distribution in the vitreous body that enables personalized therapy in ophthalmology. The standard treatment for age-related macular degeneration is anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs administered by repeated injections.

Red State, Blue State, Purple State; Higher and Increasing Blue COVID-19 Anxiety Rate.

The present study investigated COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS) scores for participants from blue states, red states, and purple states across 276 days ranging from April 18, 2020 to January 23, 2021. The CAS scores increased with knowing and caring for an individual with COVID-19, following social distancing guidelines, hours talking and thinking about COVID-19, hypochondria, neuroticism, depression, anxiety, stress, negative PANAS, and time, whereas they decreased with positive PANAS. More importantly, the CAS scores were higher for participants from blue states than for participants from purple states, and the positive relation between CAS scores and time was only significant for participants from blue states.

Nurse-led hospital-to-community care, clinical outcomes for people living with HIV and health-related social needs.

Aims: To evaluate whether patients with HIV enrolled in Linkage to Care (hospital-based only) or Linkage to Care Plus (nurse-led hospital-to-community transitional care) programmes fare better on clinical outcomes; and to investigate how factors such as substance use, mental health or health-related social needs contribute to these outcomes.

Background: Social determinants of health contribute to poor HIV outcomes such that only 57% of people living with HIV have achieved the goal of viral suppression nationally, and 50% are retained in clinical care. The programmes evaluated here aimed to increase HIV appointment attendance, retention in care, viral suppression and decrease acute care utilization and mitigate social needs via hospital-to-community transitional support.

Systematic Review: Association of Pesticide Exposure and Child Wheeze and Asthma.

Background: The prevalence of wheeze and asthma has risen over recent decades for all age groups, especially children. These disorders can lead to decreased quality of life, missed school, urgent care and emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and increased health care costs. Environmental exposures, including pesticide exposure, are likely a contributing factor to this increased prevalence.

Women and Men's Perspectives on the Factors Related to Women's Dyadic Sexual Desire, and on the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder.

Sexuality is a basic human need, which is expressed in the context of intimate personal relations. However, in studies of women's sexuality, men's attitudes are often overlooked. Health care providers can benefit from the examination of how both women and men perceive women's sexual desire and what are the most acceptable avenues for treatment for women's hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD).

Early Failure of the Paragon28 Phantom Hindfoot Fusion Nail: A Case Report.

Case: Tibio-talar-calaneal fusion nails can be used to treat acute ankle fractures in patients with diabetes, Charcot arthropathy, or other comorbidities. Recently, Paragon28 released the Phantom Hindfoot Fusion Nail (Phantom nail) with a unique design feature-a proximal coil. We present a case of an ankle fracture-dislocation in a diabetic patient treated with the Paragon28 nail who experienced early implant failure.

Dog Walking and the Social Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness in Older Adults.

Pet ownership can provide important companionship and facilitate social connections, which may be particularly important to socially isolated older adults. Given the significant deleterious impact of loneliness on health and wellbeing in later life, many predicted that public safety measures imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic would greatly increase loneliness, particularly among vulnerable populations like older adults. We investigated whether dog walking buffers loneliness in the context of stressors imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Perioperative Opioid Use in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Patients.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is one of the most commonly performed outpatient orthopaedic procedures, yet there is little data about perioperative opioid prescribing practices. The purposes of this study were to quantify the perioperative opioid prescriptions filled by patients who underwent ACLR and to identify factors associated with greater postoperative opioid use. Patients who underwent ACLR at a single institution between June 2015 and May 2017 were studied using a regional prescription monitoring database to identify all preoperative and postoperative outpatient opioid prescriptions up to 2 years postoperatively.

Quantitative evaluation of microvacuole formation in five intraocular lens models made of different hydrophobic materials.

In this laboratory study, we assessed the resistance to microvacuole (glistening) formation in hydrophobic intraocular lenses (IOLs). Glistenings were induced in five lenses each of five different hydrophobic acrylic IOL models, using an established in vitro laboratory model: 800C (Rayner, Worthing, UK), AcrySof SN60WF (Alcon, Fort Worth, USA), Tecnis ZCB00 (Johnson & Johnson Vision, Santa Ana, USA), Vivinex XY1 (Hoya, Tokyo, Japan) and CT Lucia 611P (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). We evaluated the number of microvacuoles per square millimeter (MV/mm2) in the central part of each IOL.

Quantification of the In Vitro Predisposition to Glistening Formation in One Manufacturer's Acrylic Intraocular Lenses Made in Different Decades.

Introduction: Foldable hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) are prone to develop a long-term postoperative material change called glistenings. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the predisposition for glistening formation in one type of hydrophobic acrylic IOL material from its introduction to the present day.

Methods: In a laboratory setup, an in vitro model was used to induce glistenings in hydrophobic acrylic IOLs manufactured by one company (Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA) in different years: 23 1990s-manufacture hydrophobic acrylic three-piece IOLs (MA30BA/MA60AC) that were explanted in 1996 and 1997, and five of each of the newer AcrySof IOL models (MA60AC, SA60AT, TFNT00 and SN60WF) from 2014 to 2017.

Longitudinal Moderated Mediation Analysis in Parallel Process Latent Growth Curve Modeling in Intervention Studies.

Background: Intervention studies are used widely in nursing research to explore the efficacy of intervention programs for changing targeted health outcomes. However, the analyses of such studies have focused predominantly on their main intervention effects; most studies ignore the mechanisms underlying how the intervention programs work partly because of lack of application details of the longitudinal mediation analysis techniques.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to illustrate an application of parallel process latent growth curve modeling (PP-LGCM) to examine longitudinal moderated mediation effects.

Stability and Visual Outcomes of the Capsulotomy-Fixated FEMTIS-IOL After Automated Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Anterior Capsulotomy.

Purpose: To evaluate stability and performance of a new monofocal anterior capsulotomy-fixated intraocular lens (IOL) (FEMTIS; Teleon Surgical B.V., Spankeren, Netherlands) after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS).

Exploring the usefulness of medical clowns in elevating satisfaction and reducing aggressive tendencies in pediatric and adult hospital wards.

Background: Most existing research on medical clowns in health care services has investigated their usefulness mainly among child health consumers. In this research we examined multiple viewpoints of medical staff, clowns, and health consumers aiming to identify the optimal audience (adult or child health consumers) for which medical clowns are most useful. We focused on exploring their usefulness in enhancing health consumers' satisfaction and, in turn, reducing their aggressive tendencies.

Family Bereavement Adaptation After Death of a Loved One in an Intensive Care Unit: Impact of Race/Ethnicity.

Limited longitudinal studies have hindered the understanding of family adaptation after loss of a loved one in an intensive care unit (ICU). Based on the Double ABCX Model, this study examined changes in adaptation to bereavement for family members in the first year after the ICU death, with special attention to the effects of race/ethnicity. A repeated-measures design was used to conduct the investigation using 3 time points (1-3, 6, and 12 months) after the ICU death.

Gestational Pesticide Exposure and Child Respiratory Health.

Background: Childhood wheeze may be related to pesticide exposure, and diet and genetics (Paroxonase; ) may modify the effects of exposure.

Methods: We analyzed data from the HOME Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort, to examine the association of gestational urinary organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid (3PBA) metabolite concentrations with child wheeze, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) at ages 4 and 5 years, and wheeze trajectory patterns through age 8 years.

Results: Among 367 singletons, the frequency of wheeze ranged from 10.

Pet Ownership Patterns and Successful Aging Outcomes in Community Dwelling Older Adults.

Diminishing cognitive and physical functions, worsening psychological symptoms, and increased mortality risk and morbidity typically accompany aging. The aging population's health needs will continue to increase as the proportion of the population aged > 50 years increases. Pet ownership (PO) has been linked to better health outcomes in older adults, particularly those with chronic conditions.

Social Stability Relates Social Conditions to the Syndemic of Sex, Drugs, and Violence.

The distribution of violence, sexually transmitted infections, and substance use disorders is not random, but rather the product of disease, behavior, and social conditions that co-occur in synergistic ways (syndemics). Syndemics often disproportionately affect urban communities. Studies of syndemics, however, rarely apply consistent measures of social conditions.

Author Correction: Asthma and/or hay fever as predictors of fertility/impaired fecundity in U.S. women: National Survey of Family Growth.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.