Soft- and Hard-Tissue Thicknesses in Patients with Different Vertical Facial Patterns and the Transverse Deficiencies, An Integrated CBCT-3D Digital Model Analysis.

Different vertical facial patterns may present different bone and gingival thicknesses at the molar level and can be influenced by the dental compensations that manifest in the presence of transverse bone discrepancies. A retrospective analysis was made of 120 patients divided into three groups according to their vertical facial patterns (mesofacial, dolichofacial or brachyfacial). Each group in turn was divided into two subgroups according to the presence or absence of transverse discrepancies assessed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Photocatalytic Reduction of Nicotinamide Co-factor by Perylene Sensitized Rh Complexes.

The ambitious goal of artificial photosynthesis is to develop active systems that mimic nature and use light to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Intramolecular design concepts are particularly promising. Herein, we firstly present an intramolecular photocatalyst integrating a perylene-based light-harvesting moiety and a catalytic rhodium center (Rh phenPer).

The electron that breaks the catalyst's back - excited state dynamics in intermediates of molecular photocatalysts.

spectroelectrochemical studies focussing on the Franck-Condon region and sub-ns electron transfer processes in Ru(II)-tpphz-Pt(II) based photocatalysts reveal that single-electron reduction effectively hinders intramolecular electron transfer between the photoexcited Ru chromophore and the Pt center.

Association of calcified carotid artery plaque in panoramic images and diagonal earlobe crease.

Objectives:: Brazilians who are free of traditional atherogenic risk factors frequently suffer myocardial infarctions (MI). Calcified carotid artery plaque (CCAP) on panoramic images (PIs) has been shown to be a validated "risk indicator" of future MIs. The diagonal earlobe crease (DELC) is likewise a validated "risk indicator" of future MI.

Lyme carditis with complete heart block: management with an external pacemaker.

Timely diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment is essential in Lyme carditis to achieve favorable prognosis. Externalized permanent pacemaker with an active fixation lead as supportive pacing modality is a feasible option till complete resolution of conduction block with continued antibiotic therapy.

Metabolic syndrome: pathogenesis, medical care and dental implications.

Background: The dental literature contains little information about metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its dental implications.

Types Of Studies Reviewed: The authors conducted a MEDLINE search for the period 2000 through 2005, using the term "metabolic syndrome" to define its pathophysiology, medical treatment and dental implications.

Results: MetS is the co-occurrence of abdominal obesity, hyper-triglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, hypertension and impaired fasting glucose, which results from consumption of a high-calorie diet and decreased levels of physical activity superimposed on the appropriate genetic setting.

Posttraumatic stress disorder: psychopathology, medical management, and dental implications.

PTSD is a chronic mental illness that may arise after an individual experiences or witnesses a life-threatening event. Symptoms consist of persistent reexperiencing of the event, avoidance of reminders of the event, a numbing of positive emotions, and social withdrawal. A depressed mood and excessive use of alcohol and tobacco may accompany the disorder.

Late-life depression: its oral health significance.

Late-life depression (LLD) initially occurs after age 65 and is a major public health concern because elderly people who are at high risk constitute an ever-expanding segment of the population. LLD is a mental illness in which mood, thought content, and behavioural patterns are impaired, causing individual distress, compromising social function and impairing self-maintenance skills (e.g.

Bipolar I disorder: psychopathology, medical management and dental implications.

Background: The authors review the clinical features, epidemiology, pathophysiology, medical management, dental findings and dental management of patients who have bipolar I disorder, or BD, previously known as manic-depressive disorder.

Types Of Studies Reviewed: The authors conducted a MEDLINE search for the period 1995 through 2001 using the key terms "bipolar disorder," "epidemiology," "pathophysiology," "treatment" and "dentistry." The articles they selected for further review included those published in English in peer-reviewed journals; they gave preference to articles reporting randomized, controlled trials.

Dentistry's role in the diagnosis and co-management of patients with sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome.

The sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS) is characterized by repeated upper airway narrowing or collapse during sleep. The obstruction is caused by the soft palate and/or base of tongue collapsing against the pharyngeal walls because of decreased muscle tone. These episodes are accompanied by hypoxaemia, surges in blood pressure, brief arousal from sleep and pronounced snoring.

Diagnosing and comanaging patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, or OSAS, is a common, but underdiagnosed, disorder that potentially is fatal. It is characterized by repetitive episodes of complete or partial upper airway obstruction leading to absent or diminished airflow into the lungs. These episodes usually last 10 to 30 seconds and result in loud snoring, a decrease in oxygen saturation, and chronic daytime sleepiness and fatigue.

The prevalence of carotid atheromas seen on panoramic radiographs of patients with obstructive sleep apnea and their relation to risk factors for atherosclerosis.

Purpose: Persons with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) suffer inordinately high rates of stroke, but the cause remains in doubt. Atherosclerosis (atheroma formation) of the extracranial carotid artery has been suggested as a possible cause. Because atheromas can be recognized on panoramic radiographs, this study compared their prevalence in subjects with OSAS and normal controls and analyzed their relation to atherogenic risk factors.

Identification of stroke prone patients by panoramic radiography.

Stroke (cerebrovascular accident, CVA) is the third leading cause of death and an important cause of hospital admission and long term disability in Australia. Atherosclerotic lesions at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery are the most common cause of stroke. On occasion these lesions are partially calcified and visible on a conventional panoramic dental radiograph.

Detection of radiation-induced, accelerated atherosclerosis in patients with osteoradionecrosis by panoramic radiography.

Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible has long been considered the most destructive complication of head and neck irradiation. Recently, therapeutic irradiation has been implicated as the cause of induced/accelerated atherosclerosis of the cervical carotid artery and subsequent stroke. Panoramic radiography, previously shown to be capable of identifying carotid artery atherosclerosis in nonirradiated individuals, was used to assess the carotid vasculature of patients being treated for ORN.

Panoramic dental radiography: an aid in detecting individuals prone to stroke.

Stroke (cerebrovascular accident, CVA) is the third leading cause of death and an important cause of hospital admission and long-term disability in England and Wales. Atherosclerotic lesions at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery are the most common cause of stroke. On occasion, these lesions are partially calcified and visible on a conventional panoramic dental radiograph.

Dental management of the child with developmental dyslexia.

Dyslexia, a biologically determined reading disorder effects an estimated 3 percent to 10 percent of school-age children in the United States. Standard pediatric dental protocols frequently have to be modified because many of these children concurrently suffer attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), asthma, thyroiditis and inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease). Youngsters suffering from dyslexia and ADHD should have their dental appointments scheduled in the morning when they are most attentive and best able to remain seated in the dental chair.

Dental management of child and adolescent patients with schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder in which thought disturbances and aberrant behavior lessen an individual's ability to care for him or herself and to effectively work and communicate with others. The disorder affects 1 percent of the United States population. Onset of the florid psychotic symptoms most commonly occurs during adolescence or young adulthood, but most of these youngsters exhibit unusual behavior and peculiar thinking during childhood.

Dental management of the child and adolescent with major depression.

Major depression is a psychiatric disorder in which mood, thought content, and behavioral patterns are impaired, often for an extended period of time. This condition appears to have an increasing prevalence among young children and adolescents. It may be associated with a disinterest in performing appropriate preventive oral hygiene techniques, a cariogenic diet, rampant dental decay, and advanced periodontal disease.

Dental management considerations in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Children suffering from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder frequently have numerous orofacial anomalies of concern to the dentist. Behavioral manifestations of the disorder frequently impair the patient's ability to perform home care adequately, make dental treatment arduous, and place the patient at risk of physical abuse from family and peers. Familiarity with the symptoms and treatment of the disorder will better prepare the dentist to meet the needs of this unique group of patients.

Utilization of MEDFILE--a preprinted medical literature filing system.

To facilitate the creation of a personal medical literature filing system, we developed MEDFILE, a noncomputerized, preprinted medical literature filing system. A graduating medical school class that had access to MEDFILE and a control group of incoming interns were studied to ascertain satisfaction, usage, utility, and implementation of MEDFILE in comparison with traditional literature filing systems. Data were obtained from 52 recent graduates of the site school and 25 graduates of other institutions.

Students evaluate MEDFILE, a preprinted medical literature filing system.

Medical professionals are highly dependent on personal libraries and reprint files as their sources for current information. A large population of practising doctors have poorly organized medical literature data bases in their professional environment. To expedite the development of a personal library data base by medical students, we created MEDFILE, a preprinted, cross-indexed file folder system for organizing the medical literature.

Effects of Ca2+/Mg2+ removal on aiNa, aiK, and tension in cardiac Purkinje fibers.

Sheep cardiac Purkinje fibers were exposed to solutions free of divalent cations for hour-long periods, while intracellular Na+ and K+ activities were measured using ion-sensitive microelectrodes. Intracellular Na+ activity (aiNa) increased to 50.1 +/- 8.