Differentiated resistance training of the paravertebral muscles in patients with unstable spinal bone metastasis under concomitant radiotherapy: study protocol for a randomized pilot trial.

Background: Metastatic bone disease is a common and severe complication in patients with advanced cancer. Radiotherapy (RT) has long been established as an effective local treatment for metastatic bone disorder. This study assesses the effects of RT combined with muscle-training exercises in patients with unstable bone metastases of the spinal column from solid tumors.

Exercise and cancer: return to work as a firefighter with ostomy after rectal carcinoma - a case report.

Background: Colorectal cancer survivors are deconditioned through anticancer therapy. Furthermore, about 10% of them have a permanent ostomy which is associated with weakened abdominal muscles and an increased risk of a hernia. This case study reports on how a firefighter with rectal carcinoma and ostomy was trained to regain operational fitness.

Effects of different weight loss intervention programmes in health clubs - an observational multicenter study.

This study aimed at comparing the effectiveness of three lifestyle intervention programmes in health clubs "exercise only" (E), "exercise plus nutritional counselling" (E + NC), and "exercise plus weight loss program" (E + WLP) on weight loss under real-life conditions. An observational multicenter study including 788 overweight/obese new customers of 95 health clubs in Germany was performed. Participants chose E (n = 512, 38 ± 14 year, BMI 30.

Reliability and day-to-day variability of peak fat oxidation during treadmill ergometry.

Background: Exercising at intensities where fat oxidation rates are high has been shown to induce metabolic benefits in recreational and health-oriented sportsmen. The exercise intensity (Fatpeak) eliciting peak fat oxidation rates is therefore of particular interest when aiming to prescribe exercise for the purpose of fat oxidation and related metabolic effects. Although running and walking are feasible and popular among the target population, no reliable protocols are available to assess Fatpeak as well as its actual velocity (VPFO) during treadmill ergometry.

Exercise training intensity prescription in breast cancer survivors: validity of current practice and specific recommendations.

Purpose: Cancer survivors are recommended to perform 150 min/week of moderate or 75 min/week of vigorous aerobic exercise, but it remains unclear how moderate and vigorous intensities can be prescribed. Therefore, it was investigated whether and how intensity prescriptions for healthy adults by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) need to be adapted for breast cancer survivors.

Methods: Fifty-two breast cancer survivors (stage 0-III, age 52 ± 9 years, BMI 25.

Individual response to exercise training - a statistical perspective.

In the era of personalized medicine, interindividual differences in the magnitude of response to an exercise training program (subject-by-training interaction; "individual response") have received increasing scientific interest. However, standard approaches for quantification and prediction remain to be established, probably due to the specific considerations associated with interactive effects, in particular on the individual level, compared with the prevailing investigation of main effects. Regarding the quantification of subject-by-training interaction in terms of variance components, confounding sources of variability have to be considered.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in cancer patients: should we really refrain from considering it for preparticipation screening?

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) should continue to be taken into consideration when screening cancer patients for participation in exercise training programs. The benefits of CPET for cancer patients are better examined through longitudinal rather than cross-sectional studies.

Exercise intensity classification in cancer patients undergoing allogeneic HCT.

Objective: Exercise intervention studies during and after cancer treatment show beneficial effects for various physical and psychosocial outcomes. Current exercise intensity guidelines for cancer patients are rather general and have been adapted from American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommendations for healthy individuals. Intensive cancer treatment regimens such as allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) may change the cardiovascular response to acute exercise.

Cardiorespiratory fitness in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant therapy.

Purpose: The aim of this work was to investigate cardiorespiratory fitness in breast cancer patients at different time points of anti-cancer treatment.

Patients And Methods: Non-metastatic breast cancer patients (n = 222, mean age 55 years) were categorized into four subgroups according to their treatment status. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was used to measure patients' cardiorespiratory fitness, including oxygen delivery and metabolic muscle function.

Irisin does not mediate resistance training-induced alterations in resting metabolic rate.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 6-month preventive resistance training program on resting metabolic rate (RMR) and its associations with fat-free mass (FFM) and the newly described myokine irisin as two potential mechanistic links between exercise training and RMR.

Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, 74 sedentary healthy male and female participants either completed 6 months of high-repetition resistance training 3 d·wk in accordance with the American College of Sports Medicine recommendations (RT: n = 37; 47 ± 7 yr; body mass index, 25.0 ± 3.

Can more than one incremental cycling test be performed within one day?

Changes in performance parameters over four consecutive maximal incremental cycling tests were investigated to determine how many tests can be performed within one single day without negatively affecting performance. Sixteen male and female subjects (eight trained (T): 25 ± 3 yr, BMI 22.6 ± 2.

Medical results of preparticipation examination in adolescent athletes.

Background: Preparticipation examinations (PPE) are frequently used to evaluate eligibility for competitive sports in adolescent athletes. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of these examinations is under debate since costs are high and its validity is discussed controversial.

Purpose: To analyse medical findings and consequences in adolescent athletes prior to admission to a sports school.

Resting metabolic rate in elite rowers and canoeists: difference between indirect calorimetry and prediction.

Background: Athletes may differ in their resting metabolic rate (RMR) from the general population. However, to estimate the RMR in athletes, prediction equations that have not been validated in athletes are often used. The purpose of this study was therefore to verify the applicability of commonly used RMR predictions for use in athletes.

The intensity and effects of strength training in the elderly.

Background: The elderly need strength training more and more as they grow older to stay mobile for their everyday activities. The goal of training is to reduce the loss of muscle mass and the resulting loss of motor function. The dose-response relationship of training intensity to training effect has not yet been fully elucidated.

Physical activity levels to estimate the energy requirement of adolescent athletes.

Adequate energy intake in adolescent athletes is considered important. Total energy expenditure (TEE) can be calculated from resting energy expenditure (REE) and physical activity level (PAL). However, validated PAL recommendations are available for adult athletes only.

How to test maximal oxygen uptake: a study on timing and testing procedure of a supramaximal verification test.

Verification tests are becoming increasingly common for confirming maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) attainment. Yet, timing and testing procedures vary between working groups. The aims of this study were to investigate whether verification tests can be performed after an incremental test or should be performed on a separate day, and whether VO2 max can still be determined within the first testing session in subjects not satisfying the verification criterion.

Time course of changes in endurance capacity: a 1-yr training study.

Purpose: To investigate the magnitude and the time course of changes in endurance capacity during the first year of an aerobic endurance training program with constant HR prescription.

Methods: Eighteen previously untrained subjects (7 males and 11 females, 42 +/- 5 yr, BMI of 24.3 +/- 2.

Exercise at given percentages of VO2max: heterogeneous metabolic responses between individuals.

Purpose: Given percentages of VO(2max) are widely used for training and study purposes although they might not result in homogeneous metabolic strain. Therefore, the homogeneity of metabolic responses to prolonged exercise at fixed percentages of VO(2max) should be investigated.

Procedures: Twenty-one healthy male subjects (29+/-5 years, 77+/-8 kg, VO(2max): 59.