Implementation of Brief Submaximal Cardiopulmonary Testing in a High-Volume Pre-surgical Evaluation Clinic: A feasibility study.

Background: Precise functional capacity assessment is a critical component for preoperative risk stratification. Brief submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (smCPET) has shown diagnostic utility in various cardiopulmonary conditions. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if smCPET could be implemented in a high-volume pre-surgical evaluation clinic, and, when compared to structured functional capacity surveys, if smCPET could better discriminate low functional capacity (<4.

Prospective Analysis of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy for Assessment of the Resection Bed for Bladder Tumor.

Background And Objective: Urothelial bladder cancer (UCB) care requires frequent follow-up cystoscopy and surgery. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE), a probe-based optical technique for real-time microscopic evaluation, has shown promising accuracy for grading of UCB. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of CLE-based assessment of the surgical radicality of the bladder resection bed (RB).

The value of information in predicting harmful algal blooms.

Environmental decision-making is inherently subject to uncertainty. However, decisions are often urgent, and whether to take direct action or invest in collecting additional data beforehand is pervasive. To make this trade-off explicit, the value of information (VoI) theory offers a powerful decision analytic tool to quantify the expected benefit of resolving uncertainty in a decision context.

Assessment of equine intestinal epithelial junctional complexes and barrier permeability using a monolayer culture system.

Gastrointestinal disease is a leading cause of death in mature horses. A lack of modeling has impeded the development of novel therapeutics. The objectives of this study were to develop and further characterize a small intestinal monolayer cell culture derived from equine jejunum including establishing normal measurements of intestinal permeability and restitution.

Large animal models enhance the study of crypt-mediated epithelial recovery from prolonged intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury.

Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is a deadly and common condition. Death is associated with sepsis due to insufficient epithelial repair, requiring stem cell-driven regeneration, typically beginning 48 h after injury. Animal models are critical to advancing this field.

Comparison between AJCC 8th edition gastric and esophageal ypTNM classification system in Siewert II esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas: A retrospective study based on Eastern and Western Data.

Introduction: Multimodal therapy has become the standard treatment for curable upper gastrointestinal cancers. However, it remains unclear which 8th edition AJCC post-neoadjuvant therapy pathological classification system, esophageal (ypTNM-EC) or gastric (ypTNM-GC), can predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with Siewert II adenocarcinomas better.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with Siewert II adenocarcinomas receiving neoadjuvant therapy plus curative resection at the University Medical Center Utrecht (UMC Utrecht) and the Peking University Cancer Hospital (PUCH) between the 2001 and 2022 were included in this study.

Outcomes of CEM43 in Predicting Thermal Damage Induced by Focal Laser Ablation in Controlled Ex Vivo Experiments: A Comparison to Histology and MRI.

Background: Focal laser ablation (FLA) serves as a targeted therapy for prostate cancer (PCa). Clinical studies have demonstrated significant variations in ablation volumes with consistent fiber configurations. Consequently, a prediction model is needed for the safe application of FLA in treating PCa.

A source of entangled photons based on a cavity-enhanced and strain-tuned GaAs quantum dot.

Unlabelled: A quantum-light source that delivers photons with a high brightness and a high degree of entanglement is fundamental for the development of efficient entanglement-based quantum-key distribution systems. Among all possible candidates, epitaxial quantum dots are currently emerging as one of the brightest sources of highly entangled photons. However, the optimization of both brightness and entanglement currently requires different technologies that are difficult to combine in a scalable manner.

Grading urothelial carcinoma with probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy during flexible cystoscopy.

Purpose: Urothelial bladder cancer (UCB) care requires frequent follow-up cystoscopy and surgery. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a probe-based optical technique that can provide real-time microscopic evaluation with the potential for outpatient grading of UCB. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic accuracy and interobserver variability for the grading of UCB with CLE during flexible cystoscopy (fCLE).

A novel deforestation risk and baseline allocation model for the next generation of nested REDD+ projects.

Nature-based solutions that use a counterfactual scenario depend heavily on the methodology used to determine the business as usual (BAU) case, i.e., the "baseline.

Clinical implementation of artificial-intelligence-assisted detection of breast cancer metastases in sentinel lymph nodes: the CONFIDENT-B single-center, non-randomized clinical trial.

Pathologists' assessment of sentinel lymph nodes (SNs) for breast cancer (BC) metastases is a treatment-guiding yet labor-intensive and costly task because of the performance of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in morphologically negative cases. This non-randomized, single-center clinical trial (International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number:14323711) assessed the efficacy of an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted workflow for detecting BC metastases in SNs while maintaining diagnostic safety standards. From September 2022 to May 2023, 190 SN specimens were consecutively enrolled and allocated biweekly to the intervention arm (n = 100) or control arm (n = 90).

A service-oriented approach to clinical trial recruitment for dementia and brain health: Methods and case examples of MyAlliance for Brain Health.

Introduction: Recruitment of sufficient and diverse participants into clinical research for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias remains a formidable challenge. The primary goal of this manuscript is to provide an overview of an approach to diversifying research recruitment and to provide case examples of several methods for achieving greater diversity in clinical research enrollment.

Methods: The University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (KU ADRC) developed MyAlliance for Brain Health (MyAlliance), a service-oriented recruitment model.

Macrophage depletion overcomes human hematopoietic cell engraftment failure in zebrafish embryo.

Zebrafish is widely adopted as a grafting model for studying human development and diseases. Current zebrafish xenotransplantations are performed using embryo recipients, as the adaptive immune system, responsible for host versus graft rejection, only reaches maturity at juvenile stage. However, transplanted primary human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSC) rapidly disappear even in zebrafish embryos, suggesting that another barrier to transplantation exists before the onset of adaptive immunity.

Psychometric properties of two implementation measures: Normalization MeAsure Development questionnaire (NoMAD) and organizational readiness for implementing change (ORIC).

Background: Effective interventions need to be implemented successfully to achieve impact. Two theory-based measures exist for measuring the effectiveness of implementation strategies and monitor implementation progress. The Normalization MeAsure Development questionnaire (NoMAD) explores the four core concepts (Coherence, Cognitive Participation, Collective Action, Reflexive Monitoring) of the Normalization Process Theory.

Characterization of Interfacial Corrosion Behavior of Hybrid Laminate EN AW-6082 ∪ CFRP.

The corrosion behavior of a hybrid laminate consisting of laser-structured aluminum EN AW-6082 ∪ carbon fiber-reinforced polymer was investigated. Specimens were corroded in aqueous NaCl electrolyte (0.1 mol/L) over a period of up to 31 days and characterized continuously by means of scanning electron and light microscopy, supplemented by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

CD32 captures committed haemogenic endothelial cells during human embryonic development.

During embryonic development, blood cells emerge from specialized endothelial cells, named haemogenic endothelial cells (HECs). As HECs are rare and only transiently found in early developing embryos, it remains difficult to distinguish them from endothelial cells. Here we performed transcriptomic analysis of 28- to 32-day human embryos and observed that the expression of Fc receptor CD32 (FCGR2B) is highly enriched in the endothelial cell population that contains HECs.

Collective loneliness: The impact of the social network on loneliness and depression during the coronavirus pandemic in older Europeans.

Objectives: We examined the impact of the social network before the coronavirus pandemic on loneliness and depressed mood during the pandemic in older European individuals, and how these relationships differ between different European countries.

Methods: Data of N = 19,999 persons (age: M = 69.18 years; 51% female) from the pan-European longitudinal survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe, interviewed between October 2019 and March 2020 (Wave 8) and between June and August 2020 (Corona Questionnaire 1), were used.

Validation of the German Normalisation Process Theory Measure G-NoMAD: translation, adaptation, and pilot testing.

Background: Implementing evidence-based healthcare practices (EBPs) is a complex endeavour and often lags behind research-informed decision processes. Understanding and systematically improving implementation using implementation theory can help bridge the gap between research findings and practice. This study aims to translate, pilot, and validate a German version of the English NoMAD questionnaire (G-NoMAD), an instrument derived from the Normalisation Process Theory, to explore the implementation of EBPs.

How to promote usage of telehealth interventions for farmers' mental health? A qualitative study on supporting and hindering aspects for acceptance and satisfaction with a personalized telephone coaching for depression prevention.

Unlabelled: Low-threshold and remotely delivered preventive interventions, like telephone coaching, are warranted for farmers who experience multiple risk factors for depression, live in underserved areas, and show low help-seeking behavior. Factors facilitating uptake and actual use of effective remote interventions are important to reduce depression disease burden. This study aimed at identifying factors that potentially can influence acceptance of and satisfaction with a telephone coaching in this occupational group.

Weather explains the decline and rise of insect biomass over 34 years.

Insects have a pivotal role in ecosystem function, thus the decline of more than 75% in insect biomass in protected areas over recent decades in Central Europe and elsewhere has alarmed the public, pushed decision-makers and stimulated research on insect population trends. However, the drivers of this decline are still not well understood. Here, we reanalysed 27 years of insect biomass data from Hallmann et al.

Reliable Visualization of the Treatment Effect of Transperineal Focal Laser Ablation in Prostate Cancer Patients by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Imaging.

Background: Transperineal focal laser ablation (TPLA) treatment for prostate cancer (PCa) is an experimental focal ablative therapy modality with low morbidity. However, a dosimetry model for TPLA is lacking.

Objective: To determine (1) the three-dimensional (3D) histologically defined ablation zone of single- and multifiber TPLA treatment for PCa correlated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and (2) a reliable imaging modality of ablation zone volumetry.

MAGT1 Deficiency Dysregulates Platelet Cation Homeostasis and Accelerates Arterial Thrombosis and Ischemic Stroke in Mice.

Background: MAGT1 (magnesium transporter 1) is a subunit of the oligosaccharide protein complex with thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase activity, supporting the process of N-glycosylation. MAGT1 deficiency was detected in human patients with X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect syndrome and congenital disorders of glycosylation, resulting in decreased cation responses in lymphocytes, thereby inhibiting the immune response against viral infections. Curative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of patients with X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect causes fatal bleeding and thrombotic complications.