[Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Detecting adenoviruses].

Objective: The validity of the 15-min adenovirus assay SAS Adenotest was evaluated compared with virus detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from conjunctival swabs.

Methods: In 75 patients with assumed epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, adenovirus detection from conjunctival swabs was performed by the immunochromatographic assay SAS Adenotest and PCR.

Results: In 25 patients adenovirus was detected by PCR, 18 of whom were detected by the SAS Adenotest and 7 of whom were not.

[Anticoagulative therapy in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration: acute angle closure glaucoma after massive intraocular hemorrhage].

Background: Acute secondary angle closure glaucoma after massive vitreous and subretinal hemorrhage from exudative age related macular degeneration is a seldom, but devastating complication of an anticoagulative therapy.

Patients: Four patients (age range 70-76 years) developed unilateral acute angle closure glaucoma after massive intraocular bleeding due to exudative age-related macular degeneration and anticoagulative therapy. Three patients received Phenprocomoun and one patient thrombolytic therapy with heparin.

[Blinking activity during visual display terminal work. 2: reduced blinking and therapeutic approaches].

New findings based on a noninvasive, automated long-term measurement method revealed interindividual differences in lid movement behavior, existence of blinking patterns, and the dominance of cognitive influence in the regulation of blinking frequency during increased concentration and especially visual attention. The development of an individual blinking animation promises long-lasting increase and harmonization of lid movements during visual display work. Maintenance of the integrity of the ocular surface by preventing surface evaporation and providing sufficient precorneal environment eradicates important pathogenic factors of ocular discomfort.

[Blinking activity during visual display terminal work. Part 1: Ocular discomfort and pathophysiological principles].

Up to three-fourths of visual display operators complain about ocular discomfort after lengthy work at a monitor. The increase of displays at work has resulted in a problem area with growing impact for the economy and healthcare. Symptoms overlapping the complaints of dry eye disease point to the joint pathophysiological origin.

[Optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with uveitic macular edema].

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a relatively new, noninvasive method and has been well established as an effective diagnostic procedure for the investigation of several macular diseases. Knowledge about the efficacy of OCT in the diagnosis and follow-up of macular edema in uveitis patients is still limited.

Patients And Methods: In the first part of the study, OCT was performed in 22 eyes of 18 patients with anterior or intermediate uveitis who showed angiographic and fundoscopic evidence of macular edema.

Marked reduction and distinct patterns of eye blinking in patients with moderately dry eyes during video display terminal use.

Purpose: To analyze the spontaneous eye-blink rate (SEBR) and blinking pattern in patients with moderately dry eyes during video display terminal (VDT) use.

Methods: The SEBR of 30 patients with dry eye syndrome (median age 44.8 years, range 18 - 67 years) was measured using a computer-based video analysis system.

Characteristics of spontaneous eyeblink activity during video display terminal use in healthy volunteers.

Purpose: To analyse the spontaneous eyeblink rate (SEBR) and inter-eyeblink intervals (IEBI) of normal volunteers before and during video display terminal (VDT) use.

Methods: The SEBR of 51 normal volunteers was measured by counting the absence of the corneal reflex using a computer-based video analysis system. Only complete eyeblinks were recorded within 10 min under three different conditions: during a conversation, during VDT use without corneal anaesthesia, and during VDT use with corneal anaesthesia.

[Pseudohypopyon of cholesterol crystals occurring 16 years after retinal detachment in x-linked retinoschisis].

Background: Cholesterol crystals of the anterior chamber can be found as a marked feature of advanced cholesterosis bulbi; typically following i. o. hemorrhage after severe trauma, retinal detachment or M.

[Transient blindness after subconjunctival anesthesia for diode laser cyclophotocoagulation].

Background: Retro- and parabulbar anaesthesia can be associated with severe sight-threatening and life-threatening complications and may compromise optic nerve function, especially in eyes with advanced optic neuropathy. Subconjunctival anaesthesia usually does not influence optic nerve function. We report on two patients who developed transient amaurosis after subconjunctival anaesthesia.

Binocular function after bilateral implantation of monofocal and refractive multifocal intraocular lenses.

Purpose: To evaluate binocular function after bilateral implantation of a refractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL).

Methods: Contrast sensitivity, glare, depth discrimination, and distance and near visual acuity were examined in 21 patients with a multifocal IOL and 15 patients with a monofocal IOL.

Results: There was no significant difference in binocular distance visual acuity between the 2 groups.

Colour discrimination thresholds in Parkinson's disease: results obtained with a rapid computer-controlled colour vision test.

A dysfunction of dopaminergic retinal neurons is thought to occur in Parkinson's disease, manifesting itself in impaired performance on various visual discrimination tasks. We have investigated whether differences in colour discrimination could readily be detected between a normal group and a Parkinsonian group, using a computer-controlled test of colour vision. Although some individual Parkinsonian patients showed an abnormal elevation of colour discrimination thresholds, there was no significant difference between the normal group and the Parkinsonian group.

Spatial-frequency-related efficacy of visual stabilisation of posture.

The present study investigates the efficacy of visual stabilisation of posture for different spatial frequencies of a visual stimulus. Circular sine wave gratings were used to analyse the correlation between perception of motion in depth and stabilisation of fore-aft sway by the mechanism of detecting changes in target size. Body sway was recorded by a force-measuring platform (series A) and, in addition, by simultaneous tracking of infrared markers fixed to the subject's body (series B).

The influence of established and new antiepileptic drugs on visual perception. II. A controlled study in patients with epilepsy under long-term antiepileptic medication.

In this study, we investigated visual performance under chronic antiepileptic drug treatment. Patients were under carbamazepine (CBZ) (n = 18), valproic acid (VPA) (n = 9), CBZ and vigabatrin (VGB) (n = 4), CBZ and gabapentin (GBP) (n = 8), and under CBZ and topiramate (TPR) (n = 6), respectively. Seven untreated patients with epilepsy and 42 healthy volunteers served as controls.

The influence of established and new antiepileptic drugs on visual perception. 1. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, single-dose study in healthy volunteers.

The influence of single oral dosages of carbamazepine (CBZ), valproic acid, vigabatrin (VGB), lamotrigine (LTG), gabapentin (GBP), and losigamone (LSG) on visual perception was investigated in ten healthy volunteers according to a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study design. The test battery comprised visual acuity, the Lanthony-D-15-désaturé colour perception test, increment, postadaptation and transient tritanopia threshold measurements, perception threshold assessment for monochromatic and chromatic gaussian dots, monochromatic gratings and gratings of differing spatial frequency, and critical flicker fusion tests with various stimuli. The only consistent and partly significant effects were seen after VGB and GBP.