Surgical management and outcome of a type-III Salter-Harris fracture of the frontal plane of the distal radial physis in a foal.

Case History: A 4-week-old Thoroughbred filly presented with lameness of acute, severe onset of the left foreleg (LF) of 3 days' duration.

Clinical Findings: Diffuse swelling was present around the distal radius and carpus of the LF. Carpal varus that could be reduced manually was present.

Laparoscopic augmentation cystoplasty: a comparison between native ileum and small intestinal submucosa in the porcine model.

Objectives: To determine the feasibility of laparoscopic augmentation cystoplasty (LAC) in the porcine model and to compare LAC using standard bowel vs a small intestinal submucosa (SIS) allograft.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen female pigs underwent LAC; six had standard ileal AC and eight AC with SIS. All the pigs had limited cystometrogram studies before surgery to determine bladder capacity.

A dorsal approach for the removal of the nasal septum in the horse.

Objective: To describe and evaluate a technique involving a dorsal approach for the removal of the nasal septum in adult horses.

Study Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Animals: Four client-owned horses.

Rupture of the peroneus tertius tendon in 27 horses.

The purpose of the study was to identify factors influencing the outcome and prognosis of rupture of the tendon of the peroneus tertius muscle in 27 horses. Information on history, physical examination findings, diagnosis, treatment, and final outcome was summarized from medical records. Long-term follow-up information on horses was obtained by telephone survey.

Secondary azoospermia after vasovasostomy.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of secondary azoospermia after microsurgical vasovasostomy and to determine what factors increase the risk of its occurrence.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of three surgeons' experience. Patency was defined as the presence of sperm in at least one postoperative semen sample.

Long-term outcome analysis of Starr plication for primary obstructive megaureters.

Purpose: The Starr technique of tapering megaureters was first reported in 1979. Although this method of ureteral plication is well known, to our knowledge there are no clinical studies regarding outcomes. We report the first long-term outcome results with the Starr technique for primary obstructive megaureters.

Patient use of the internet for information in a lung cancer clinic.

Study Objectives: To determine how frequently patients attending a lung cancer clinic use the Internet for their own health information, to determine whether there are demographic differences between Internet users and nonusers, and to determine how patients compare the quality of Internet information with other sources of lung cancer information.

Design: Sequentially administered patient questionnaire. One hundred eighty-four patients were surveyed, and 139 patients (75.

Varicocele: current concepts in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

Although significant advances have been made in the understanding of varicoceles, a clear pathophysiologic mechanism remains elusive. Most likely, a varicocele is the result of a multifactorial process. Appreciation of the complex venous drainage of the testis remains a key to maximizing the chances for treatment success.

Hematology of equine fetuses with comparisons to their dams.

The Hematologic values of 19 equine fetuses between 202 and 238 days gestation were compared with those of their dams. The red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were significantly lower in fetal blood, while the mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and red cell distribution width were significantly higher. Mares had a significantly higher nucleated blood cell count than fetuses, and all nucleated cells were leukocytes (WBC).

Podotrochlear bursa endoscopy in the horse: a cadaver study.

Objectives: To evaluate podotrochlear bursa (navicular bursa) endoscopy as a diagnostic technique in horses and to correlate observations to radiographic and pathologic findings.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Sample Population: Seventeen equine cadaver forelimbs.

Comparison of 2 techniques for regional antibiotic delivery to the equine forelimb: intraosseous perfusion vs. intravenous perfusion.

The purpose of this study was to compare the synovial fluid concentrations and pharmacokinetics of amikacin in the equine limb distal to the carpus following intraosseous and intravenous regional perfusion. The front limbs of 6 horses were randomly assigned to either intraosseous or intravenous perfusion. A tourniquet was placed distal to each carpus and the limb perfused with 500 mg of amikacin.

Leukemia in pregnancy and fetal response to multiagent chemotherapy.

Background: Leukemia is rare in pregnancy and treatment with intensive, multiagent chemotherapy produces complete remission in most adults, but might have deleterious effects on fetuses.

Case: A 24-year-old gravida 3 para 2 presented at 24 weeks with pruritus, rash, pancytopenia, and hepatitis. A bone marrow biopsy found acute lymphocytic leukemia.

An evaluation of chemical arthrodesis of the proximal interphalangeal joint in the horse by using monoiodoacetate.

The use of monoiodoacetate (MIA) for arthrodesis of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIJ) and the effect of exercise on the degree of fusion were investigated. Eight horses received 3 injections (Weeks 0, 3, 6) of MIA (2 mL; 60 mg/mL) into the right or left front PIJ. Peri-operatively, the horses received phenylbutazone, butorphanol, and abaxial sesamoidean nerve blocks to relieve pain.

Anatomic, radiographic and physiologic comparisons of the internal carotid and maxillary artery in the horse.

The anatomy of the internal carotid and maxillary arteries was examined using angiography, subtraction angiography and arterial cast preparations in three horses. Subtraction angiography was superior to angiography in demonstrating the anatomy of the occipital, external ophthalmic, ethmoidal and palatine arteries. In three horses manipulation of the internal carotid and occipital arteries during angiography resulted in vasospasm which prevented filling of these vessels with contrast.

Management of limb fractures in wapiti (Cervus elaphus): 22 cases (1993-1997).

Objective: To determine treatment and outcome of a series of wapiti (elk) with fractures of the limbs.

Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: 22 wapiti.

Effect of ischemia and reperfusion on neutrophil accumulation in equine microvascular tissue flaps.

Objective: To investigate neutrophil accumulation after ischemia and reperfusion (IR) in microvascular tissue flaps in horses.

Study Design: Randomized controlled experiment.

Sample Population: A total of 8 horses between 1 and 10 years of age, 4 of each sex.

Osteochondritis dessicans and subchondral cystic lesions in draft horses: a retrospective study.

The clinical features, radiographic findings, treatment, and outcome in 51 draft horses with osteochondritis dessicans (OCD) or subchondral cystic lesions (SC) are reported. Clydesdale and Percheron were the most commonly affected breeds, and affected animals represented only 5% of the hospital population of draft horses. Horses were most frequently affected in the tibiotarsal joints and 73% (24 of 33 cases) of the horses with tibiotarsal effusion were affected bilaterally.

The effects of partial thyroidectomy on the development of the equine fetus.

A syndrome of congenital hypothyroidism and dysmaturity has been an important cause of reproductive loss and foal mortality in western Canada. The cause and pathogenesis of this syndrome is under investigation. One issue to be addressed is whether all the anomalies present in affected foals are produced concurrently by the same agent, or if affected foals are primarily hypothyroid in utero which induces the associated lesions.