Composition, microstructure, rheology, and meltdown behavior of commercial nondairy frozen desserts.

The demand for nondairy and plant-based products has increased, but there is still a need for more information about and improvement in these products, especially when it comes to frozen desserts. Similar to ice cream, which simultaneously is an emulsion, dispersion, and foam, nondairy frozen desserts also have a complex structure. As a starting point, 15 commercial nondairy frozen desserts, marketed as offering an ice cream-like experience, were purchased and evaluated for compositional, physical, structural, rheological, and meltdown properties.

Rings of Power: Controlling SOD Mimic Activity by the Addition of Pyridine Rings within the Pyridinophane Scaffold.

Superoxide dismutase enzymes are a major defense against superoxide, which is a potent reactive oxygen species. Misregulation of reactive oxygen species and subsequent neuronal damage are etiological hallmarks of neurodegenerative disease. Macrocyclic small molecules have offered inroads toward functional SOD1 mimics.

Mono- and di-rhamnolipids mixtures from Pseudomonas aeruginosa for use in extreme conditions of pre- and post-salt oil reservoirs compared with synthetic surfactants.

Rhamnolipids are multipurpose molecules known as natural glycolipid biosurfactants that are often biosynthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. They are readily biodegradable, have less impact on the environment and are less toxic than conventional surfactants. They can be applied in ex situ microbial enhanced oil recovery.

Unveiling six novel CALB-like lipases using genome-centric and patent-driven prospection.

Lipases present biotechnological applications in various industrial sectors due to their ability to perform multiple biochemical reactions. However, the high cost sometimes discourages their potential uses, besides the extensive number of patents involving them. One of the most utilized and researched lipases is Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB), known for its versatility, encompassing enantioselectivity, thermostability, and a wide range of substrates.

Impact of Indole Inclusion in the Design of Multi-Tactical Metal-Binding Tetra-Aza Macrocycles that Target the Molecular Features of Neurodegeneration.

Numerous small molecules have been studied for their ability to counteract oxidative stress, a key contributor to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Despite these efforts, the pharmacological properties and structure-activity relationships of these compounds remain insufficiently understood, yet they are critical in evaluating a drug molecule's therapeutic potential. A modified tetra-aza macrocycle has demonstrated strong antioxidant activity through various mechanisms; however, its limited permeability presents challenges for advanced formulation studies.

Efficient megakaryopoiesis and platelet production require phospholipid remodeling and PUFA uptake through CD36.

Lipids contribute to hematopoiesis and membrane properties and dynamics; however, little is known about the role of lipids in megakaryopoiesis. Here we show that megakaryocyte progenitors, megakaryocytes and platelets present a unique lipidome progressively enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids. In vitro, inhibition of both exogenous fatty acid functionalization and uptake as well as de novo lipogenesis impaired megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet production.

Construction of a laparoscopic appendectomy model.

Introduction: Appendectomy is the standard treatment for appendicitis, with the laparoscopic technique offering benefits like lower infection rates and quicker recovery. However, residents often have their first practical experience with the procedure on real patients, increasing surgical risks. In this context, medical simulation emerges as a crucial methodology, allowing professionals to experience a variety of scenarios while preventing harm to patients.

Targeting cargo to an unconventional secretory system within megakaryocytes allows the release of transgenic proteins from platelets.

Background: Platelets are essential for hemostasis and thrombosis and play vital roles during metastatic cancer progression and infection. Hallmarks of platelet function are activation, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and the degranulation of their cellular contents upon stimulation. While α-granules and dense granules are the most studied platelet secretory granules, the dense tubular system (DTS) also functions as a secretory system for vascular thiol isomerases.

Enhancing the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria by using DC extract in microwave assisted green synthesis.

This study presents an optimized microwave-assisted method for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a root extract obtained from DC. The influence of temperature, reagent concentration, and irradiation time was systematically investigated to enhance synthesis yield. Characterization techniques including XRD, UV-vis, FTIR, XPS, and zetametry were employed to confirm the successful formation of nanoparticles with a metallic silver core (∼17 nm) functionalized with organic molecules derived from the plant extract.

Recent Trends in Curcumin-Containing Inorganic-Based Nanoparticles Intended for In Vivo Cancer Therapy.

Curcumin is a natural compound that has been widely investigated thanks to its various biological properties, including antiproliferative. This molecule acts on different cancers such as lung, breast, pancreatic, colorectal, etc. However, the bioactive actions of curcumin have limitations when its physicochemical properties compromise its pharmacological potential.

Effects of changing ions on the crystal design, non-covalent interactions, antimicrobial activity, and molecular docking of Cu(II) complexes with a pyridoxal-hydrazone ligand.

The present work reports the influence of the presence of different ions (Cl, Br, NO , or SO ) on the formation and proprieties of Cu(II) complexes with pyridoxal-benzoylhydrazone (PLBHZ). Four new complexes were successfully synthesized, [CuCl(PLBHZ)] (1), [CuBr(PLBHZ)] (2), [CuCl(PLBHZ)HO]⋅NO⋅HO (3), and [CuSO(PLBHZ)HO]⋅3HO (4), and characterized by spectroscopic and physicochemical methods. A single-crystal X-ray study reveals the Schiff base coordinated to the metal center tridentate by the -donor system, resulting in distorted square pyramidal coordination geometries.

A comprehensive review of machine learning and its application to dairy products.

Machine learning (ML) technology is a powerful tool in food science and engineering offering numerous advantages, from recognizing patterns and predicting outcomes to customizing and adjusting to individual needs. Its further development can enable researchers and industries to significantly enhance the efficiency of dairy processing while providing valuable insights into the field. This paper presents an overview of the role of machine learning in the dairy industry and its potential to improve the efficiency of dairy processing.

The bone marrow is the primary site of thrombopoiesis.

Megakaryocytes (MKs) generate thousands of platelets over their lifespan. The roles of platelets in infection and inflammation has guided an interest to the study of extramedullary thrombopoiesis and therefore MKs have been increasingly reported within the spleen and lung. However, the relative abundance of MKs in these organs compared to the bone marrow and the scale of their contribution to the platelet pool in a steady state remain controversial.

Association of cerebrospinal fluid parameters with treatment and complications among children with cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections: a multicenter study.

Objective: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil percentage, protein concentration, and glucose level are typically measured at diagnosis and serially during the treatment of CSF shunt infections. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the longitudinal profile of CSF parameters in children with CSF shunt infections and assess their association with treatment and outcome.

Methods: Participants were children treated at 11 tertiary pediatric hospitals in Canada and the United States for CSF shunt infection, from July 1, 2013, through June 30, 2019, with hardware removal, external ventricular drain placement, intravenous antibiotics, and subsequent permanent shunt reinsertion.

Hydrogen Peroxide Disproportionation Activity Is Sensitive to Pyridine Substitutions on Manganese Catalysts Derived from 12-Membered Tetra-Aza Macrocyclic Ligands.

The abundance of manganese in nature and versatility to access different oxidation states have made manganese complexes attractive as catalysts for oxidation reactions in both biology and industry. Macrocyclic ligands offer the advantage of substantially controlling the reactivity of the manganese center through electronic tuning and steric constraint. Inspired by the manganese catalase enzyme, a biological catalyst for the disproportionation of HO into water and O, the work herein employs 12-membered tetra-aza macrocyclic ligands to study how the inclusion of and substitution to the pyridine ring on the macrocyclic ligand scaffold impacts the reactivity of the manganese complex as a HO disproportionation catalyst.

Increased Efficiency of a Functional SOD Mimic Achieved with Pyridine Modification on a Pyclen-Based Copper(II) Complex.

A series of Cu(II) complexes with the formula varying in substitution on the pyridine ring were investigated as superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimics to identify the most efficient reaction rates produced by a synthetic, water-soluble copper-based SOD mimic reported to date. The resulting Cu(II) complexes were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and metal-binding (log β) affinities. Unique to this approach, the modifications to the pyridine ring of the parent system tune the redox potential while exhibiting high binding stabilities without changing the coordination environment of the metal complex within the family of ligands.

Efficient megakaryopoiesis and platelet production require phospholipid remodeling and PUFA uptake through CD36.

Lipids contribute to hematopoiesis and membrane properties and dynamics, however, little is known about the role of lipids in megakaryopoiesis. Here, a lipidomic analysis of megakaryocyte progenitors, megakaryocytes, and platelets revealed a unique lipidome progressively enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids. In vitro, inhibition of both exogenous fatty acid functionalization and uptake and de novo lipogenesis impaired megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet production.

Novel CaLB-like Lipase Found Using ProspectBIO, a Software for Genome-Based Bioprospection.

Enzymes have been highly demanded in diverse applications such as in the food, pharmaceutical, and industrial fuel sectors. Thus, in silico bioprospecting emerges as an efficient strategy for discovering new enzyme candidates. A new program called ProspectBIO was developed for this purpose as it can find non-annotated sequences by searching for homologs of a model enzyme directly in genomes.

Pyridine modifications regulate the electronics and reactivity of Fe-pyridinophane complexes.

12-Membered pyridinophanes are the focus of many studies as biological mimics, chelators, and catalytic precursors. Therefore, the desire to tune the reactivity of pyridinophanes to better control the applications of derivative metal complexes has inspired many structure-activity relationship studies. However, the separation of structural electronic changes imparted by ligand modification has made these structure-activity relationship studies of transition metal catalysts challenging to define.

Impact of dentists and equipment in the performing dental imaging examinations: a longitudinal analysis.

In this study, we aimed to identify factors associated with performing dental imaging examinations in public health services. Brazilian data at the municipal level (n = 5,564) in two time periods, P0 (2005-2007) and P1 (2014-2016), were collated from health information systems. The increase in the municipal rates of intraoral and extraoral radiographic imaging procedures was the outcome.

Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery Associated with Right Coronary Giant Aneurysm.

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital malformation, usually diagnosed in the infant period due to myocardial ischemia and heart failure, with the need for emergency surgery. Less commonly, it can be asymptomatic until adulthood. Coronary artery aneurysms are also rare anatomical anomalies with symptoms of acute or chronic angina or even remain completely asymptomatic.