Cellular and antibody response in GMZ2-vaccinated Gabonese volunteers in a controlled human malaria infection trial.

Background: Antibody and cellular memory responses following vaccination are important measures of immunogenicity. These immune markers were quantified in the framework of a vaccine trial investigating the malaria vaccine candidate GMZ2.

Methods: Fifty Gabonese adults were vaccinated with two formulations (aluminum Alhydrogel and CAF01) of GMZ2 or a control vaccine (Verorab).

Efficacy, T cell activation and antibody responses in accelerated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite chemoprophylaxis vaccine regimens.

Repeated direct venous inoculation of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites (PfSPZ) together with antimalarial chemoprophylaxis (PfSPZ-CVac) is the most potent way to induce sterile immunity against P. falciparum infection in malaria-naive volunteers. However, established schedules are complex and long.

Heterologous protection against malaria by a simple chemoattenuated PfSPZ vaccine regimen in a randomized trial.

Immunization with Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) sporozoites under chemoprophylaxis (PfSPZ-CVac) is the most efficacious approach to malaria vaccination. Implementation is hampered by a complex chemoprophylaxis regimen and missing evidence for efficacy against heterologous infection. We report the results of a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of a simplified, condensed immunization regimen in malaria-naive volunteers (EudraCT-Nr: 2018-004523-36).

Common virulence gene expression in adult first-time infected malaria patients and severe cases.

Sequestration of ()-infected erythrocytes to host endothelium through the parasite-derived erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (EMP1) adhesion proteins is central to the development of malaria pathogenesis. EMP1 proteins have diversified and expanded to encompass many sequence variants, conferring each parasite a similar array of human endothelial receptor-binding phenotypes. Here, we analyzed RNA-seq profiles of parasites isolated from 32 infected adult travellers returning to Germany.

Systems analysis and controlled malaria infection in Europeans and Africans elucidate naturally acquired immunity.

Controlled human infections provide opportunities to study the interaction between the immune system and malaria parasites, which is essential for vaccine development. Here, we compared immune signatures of malaria-naive Europeans and of Africans with lifelong malaria exposure using mass cytometry, RNA sequencing and data integration, before and 5 and 11 days after venous inoculation with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. We observed differences in immune cell populations, antigen-specific responses and gene expression profiles between Europeans and Africans and among Africans with differing degrees of immunity.

Colistin susceptibility test evaluation of multiple-resistance-level Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates generated in a morbidostat device.

Objectives: Colistin is a last-resort antibiotic against the critical-status pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There is still uncertainty regarding how to accurately measure colistin susceptibility in P. aeruginosa.