Intraoperative individualization of positive-end-expiratory pressure through electrical impedance tomography or esophageal pressure assessment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: This systematic review of randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) with meta-analyses aimed to compare the effects on intraoperative arterial oxygen tension to inspired oxygen fraction ratio (PaO/FiO), exerted by positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) individualized trough electrical impedance tomography (EIT) or esophageal pressure (Pes) assessment (intervention) vs. PEEP not tailored on EIT or Pes (control), in patients undergoing abdominal or pelvic surgery with an open or laparoscopic/robotic approach.

Methods: PUBMED®, EMBASE®, and Cochrane Controlled Clinical trials register were searched for observational studies and RCTs from inception to the end of August 2022.

Drug Checking as Strategy for Harm Reduction in Recreational Contests: Evaluation of Two Different Drug Analysis Methodologies.

Drug checking as a part of drug harm-reduction strategies represents an essential aspect of public health policies. It focuses on rapid identification of drugs that individuals intend to use during night events, in order to implement health-protective behaviors. Chemical drug analysis techniques vary considerably, from simple colorimetric reagents to advanced forensic methods such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

Can a program of food and diabetes education improve the quality of the lives of diabetic patients with a previous myocardial infarction?

Background And Objectives: People with diabetes and cardiovascular complications need to be educated about the self-management of the disease at the time of diagnosis and during the follow-up to best benefit from what they learn. Education is most effective when offered to small groups of patients led by a professional team. The aim of the study is the evaluation of diabetes and food education aimed at improving the self-awareness of the disease, the management and the quality of the lives of diabetic patients with a previous myocardial infarction.

Helical peptide-polyamine and -polyether conjugates as synthetic ionophores.

Two new synthetic ionophores in which the hydrophobic portion is represented by a short helical Aib-peptide (Aib=α-amino-isobutyric acid) and the hydrophilic one is a poly-amino (1a) or a polyether (1b) chain have been prepared. The two conjugates show a high ionophoric activity in phospholipid membranes being able to efficiently dissipate a pH gradient and, in the case of 1b, to transport Na(+) across the membrane. Bioactivity evaluation of the two conjugates shows that 1a has a moderate antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of microorganisms and it is able to permeabilize the inner and the outer membrane of Escherichia coli cells.

Albumin-directed stereoselective reduction of 1,3-diketones and β-hydroxyketones to anti diols.

The reduction of 1,3-diketones and β-hydroxyketones with NaBH(4) in aqueous acetonitrile is highly stereoselective in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of bovine or human albumin, giving anti 1,3-diols with d.e. up to 96%.

Calix[4]arene-cholic acid conjugates: a new class of efficient synthetic ionophores.

The synthesis of a new class of amphiphilic calix[4]arene-based ionophores, relying on direct reductive amination as a key step, and the evaluation of their H+ and Na+ transporting properties is described.

Albumin-controlled stereoselective reduction of 1,3-diketones to anti-diols.

An unprecedented combination of high chemo- and stereoselectivity in the NaBH4 reduction of 1:1 complexes between albumin and aromatic 1,3-diketones results in the formation of anti 1,3-diols with de up to 96%.