Curative-Intended Management of Synchronous Esophageal and Rectal Cancer-A Systematic Literature Review.

Purpose: Synchronous esophageal (EC) and rectal carcinoma (RC) is a rare and challenging condition, particularly in curative-intended treatment. Especially locally advanced tumors may not be suitable for primary resection and require individual multimodal treatment. This review examines curative-intended management of synchronous EC and RC.

Standard operating procedure (SOP) for cervical ultrasound cine loop video sequences in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).

Rationale And Objectives: Cervical ultrasound (US) is crucial in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). However, there are no guidelines for its acquisition and documentation, particularly concerning the role of additional video sequences, known as US cine loops (UCL). The aim of this study is to examine the clinical relevance (CR) of a new Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for cervical UCL in DTC follow-up.

Angiographic Aspects of Transarterial Radioembolization: A Comparison of Technical Options to Avoid Extrahepatic Microsphere Depositions.

The influence of the interventional treatment approach for transarterial radioembolization (TARE) on the incidence of extrahepatic microsphere depositions and to angiographic complications was evaluated. In total, 398 TARE cycles were analyzed. Interventional treatment approaches were classified as single treatment position (TP) with interventional occlusion (IO), multiple TPs without IO, and multiple TPs with IO.

The synthesis of ,1,4-tri(alkoxy-hydroxybenzyl)-1,4-diazepane-amines: investigations on reaction characteristics and mechanism.

1,4-Diazepane-6-amine (DAZA) can be alkylated with three 2-hydroxybenzyl pendant arms, resulting in hexadentate chelators suitable for coordination of radiometals like Ga. These chelators, ,1,4-tri(alkoxy-2-hydroxybenzyl)-DAZA, can be produced via a one-pot synthesis, with the first step being a carbonyl amine condensation of DAZA with two respective 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxybenzaldehydes, followed by reductive amination with sodium borohydride. While the first step of this reaction is predictable, the subsequent reductive amination can result in either mono-, di- or tri(alkoxy-hydroxybenzyl)-DAZA compounds.

Clinical Results of Holmium-166 Radioembolization with Personalized Dosimetry for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with Ho-loaded microspheres is an established locoregional treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), introduced in 2010. This study evaluates the clinical outcome of patients with HCC who underwent Ho-TARE with personalized dosimetry. Twenty-seven patients with 36 TARE procedures were analyzed.

Different narcotic gases and concentrations for immobilization of ostrich embryos for imaging.

imaging using avian eggs has been described as a potential alternative to animal testing using rodents. However, imaging studies are hampered by embryonal motion producing artifacts. This study aims at systematically comparing isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane in three different concentrations in ostrich embryos.

Dependence of Renal Uptake on Kidney Function in [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT Imaging.

(1) Background: PSMA ligand PET/CT is increasingly important for diagnostics of prostate cancer and other tumor diseases. In particular, the radiopharmaceutical [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 is widely used. Besides its tumor-specific binding, the uptake within the kidneys is dominant and seems to visualize the renal cortex specifically.

Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE) in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Comparison of Palliative with Bridging-to-Transplant Concepts.

We investigated transarterial radioembolization (TARE) as a palliative measure and bridging-to-transplant therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. A total of 167 patients (50 bridging, 117 palliative) with 245 TARE procedures were assessed. Fourteen patients underwent subsequent liver transplantation (LT).

68 Ga-Oxine-Labeled Erythrocytes as a New PET Tracer for the Localization of Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

A 69-year-old man presented with recurring drops in hemoglobin levels and suspected gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy did not show a site of bleeding so further examinations became necessary. Scintigraphy and SPECT/CT with 99m TcO 4- -labeled red blood cells were performed without evidence of a hemorrhage.

[Standardized acquisition and documentation of cine loops on conventional thyroid ultrasound].

Ultrasound is the basic imaging method for the assessment of the thyroid gland. Due to the high prevalence of structural disease, the examination procedure is used very frequently in Germany, in many cases in the context of follow-up. The assessment of thyroid pathologies and their dynamics is subjected to relevant inter- and intraobserver variability.

[Technical innovations to optimize ultrasound imaging].

Due to the high incidence of thyroid disease, ultrasound examination of the neck has high priority in many nuclear medicine departments. A precise sonogram with high spatial resolution and image sharpness over the entire imaging area, combined with minimal artifacts, is the prerequisite for meeting the demand for high diagnostic accuracy in modern medicine. In the last 20-30 years, a number of significant technical innovations have been implemented, such as the development of the matrix array, electronic image focusing, realtime compound imaging, artifact limitation by speckle reduction and harmonic imaging, as well as the possibility to extend the field of view.

[Necrosis of the tongue as a clinical manifestation of giant cell arteritis].

An 83-year-old male patient presented due to a 3-week history of swelling of the tongue with tongue pain on eating, yellowish plaques, and a gray-brown lesion in the anterior portion of the tongue. Sudden loss of vision in the left eye and temporal headache occurred 3 days before presentation. Due to elevated C‑reactive protein, sonography of the supraaortic arteries as well as positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed.

[Normal values for adult thyroid volume on ultrasound - where do they come from and how should they be evaluated?].

The upper limit for the thyroid volume is 18 ml for women and 25 ml for men. These reference values are used and taught in many clinics and practices across several disciplines. The thyroid volume is a relevant factor for the treatment course.

Image-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology for BRCA Mutation Assessment of PSMA-Positive Lymph Node Metastases in a Patient With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

A 64-year-old man with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer presented for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT in preparation for 177 Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy. For precedent BRCA mutation assessment, fine-needle aspiration cytology of 2 PSMA-positive lymph node metastases was conducted. The acquired material was suitable for next-generation sequencing-based gene panel diagnostics and did not show a BRCA1 / 2 mutation, thus PSMA radioligand therapy was initiated.

Radionuclide Cisternography with [Cu]Cu-DOTA.

Radionuclide cisternography (RNC) is a method for conducting imaging of the cerebrospinal system and can be used to identify cerebrospinal fluid leaks. So far, RNC has commonly employed radiopharmaceutical agents suitable only for single-photon emission tomography techniques, which are thus lacking in terms of image resolution and can potentially lead to false-negative results. Therefore, [Cu]Cu-DOTA was investigated as an alternative radiopharmaceutical for RNC, employing positron emission tomography (PET) instead of single-photon emission tomography.

Noninvasive Verification of a Very Small Intraocular Prostate Carcinoma Metastasis by 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.

A male patient underwent 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for the evaluation of a suspected intraocular metastasis in the right eye. Although the choroidal thickening was very small (4 × 2 mm), and ophthalmoscopy as well as MRI were inconclusive, PET/CT imaging showed distinct PSMA expression in the suspected lesion, confirming prostate cancer metastasis. The ability of dedicated PSMA ligand PET/CT imaging to detect small metastases, even with 68Ga-labeled ligands, has been demonstrated.

Clinical Results of Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE) with Holmium-166 Microspheres in the Multidisciplinary Oncologic Treatment of Patients with Primary and Secondary Liver Cancer.

Holmium-166 microspheres are used for the transarterial radioembolization (TARE) treatment of primary and secondary liver cancers. In this study, its efficacy regarding local tumor control and integration into the oncological treatment sequence of the first 20 patients treated in our institution were examined. A total of twenty-nine Ho-TARE procedures were performed to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, fourteen patients), metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC, four patients), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC, one patient), and hemangioendothelioma of the liver (HE, one patient).

The effect of butylscopolamine on [F]FDG uptake in the gastrointestinal tract is negligible and regionally variable.

Background: Butylscopolamine (or hyoscine butylbromide, trade name Buscopan) is occasionally administered as a premedication to reduce non-specific FDG uptake in the gastrointestinal tract based on its antiperistaltic effect. To date, there are no consistent recommendations for its use. The aim of this study was to quantify the reduction in intestinal and non-intestinal uptake by butylscopolamine administration and to derive relevance for clinical evaluation.

Medical Students' and Radiology Technician Trainees' eHealth Literacy and Hygiene Awareness-Asynchronous and Synchronous Digital Hand Hygiene Training in a Single-Center Trial.

Next to the known nosocomial infections, the COVID-19 pandemic was an example for the need for the immediate implementation of functioning hygiene concepts and knowledge transfer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-assessment of ehealth literacy in terms of finding, using and critically evaluating health information and theoretical and practical hygiene awareness on a voluntary participation basis at the Jena University Hospital in 2022. The well-established and validated eHEALS and WHO questionnaire on hand hygiene (HH) knowledge for healthcare workers was completely filled by 204 participants (191 medical students; 13 healthcare trainees).

A Novel Breast Cancer Xenograft Model Using the Ostrich Chorioallantoic Membrane-A Proof of Concept.

The avian chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay has attracted scientific attention in cancer research as an alternative or complementary method for in vivo animal models. Here, we present a xenograft model based on the ostrich ( CAM assay for the first time. The engraftment of 2 × 10 breast cancer carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells successfully lead to tumor formation.

67 Ga-PSMA I&T for Radioguided Surgery of Lymph Node Metastases in Patients With Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Radioguided lymph node dissection in patients with prostate cancer, and suffering from biochemical recurrence has been described thoroughly during the past few years. Several prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-directed ligands labeled with 111 In, 99m Tc, and 68 Ga have been published; however, limitations regarding availability, short half-life, high costs, and unfavorable high energy might restrict frequent use. This study aims at introducing 67 Ga as a promising radionuclide for radioguided surgery.