Association of Cytomegalovirus Serostatus With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine Responsiveness in Nursing Home Residents and Healthcare Workers.

Background: Latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is immunomodulatory and could affect mRNA vaccine responsiveness. We sought to determine the association of CMV serostatus and prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with antibody (Ab) titers after primary and booster BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinations in healthcare workers (HCWs) and nursing home (NH) residents.

Methods: Nursing home residents ( = 143) and HCWs ( = 107) were vaccinated and serological responses monitored by serum neutralization activity against Wuhan and Omicron (BA.

Characteristics of Radial Artery Coronary Bypass Graft Failure and Outcomes Following Subsequent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: When patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), targeting the native vessel is preferred. Studies informing such recommendations are based predominantly on saphenous vein graft (SVG) PCI. There are few data regarding arterial graft intervention, particularly to a radial artery (RA) graft.

Trends and Real-World Safety of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Symptomatic Stable Ischaemic Heart Disease in Australia.

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in stable ischaemic heart disease (SIHD) has not been shown to improve prognosis but can alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Appropriately selected patients with symptoms refractory to medical therapy therefore stand to benefit, provided safety is proven.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing PCI for SIHD between 2005-2018 in a prospective registry were included.

Post-Traumatic Atlanto-Axial Instability: A Combined Clinical and Radiological Approach for the Diagnosis of Pathological Rotational Movement in the Upper Cervical Spine.

Post-traumatic rotational instability at the atlanto-axial (C1-2) joint is difficult to assess, much less quantify, due to the orientation and motion plane of the joint. Prior investigations have demonstrated that a dynamic axial CT scan, during which the patient maximally rotates the head right and left, can be used to evaluate and quantify the amount of residual overlap between the inferior articulating facet of C1 and the superior facet of C2, as an index of ligamentous laxity at the joint. We have previously demonstrated that a novel orthopedic test of rotational instability, the atlas-axis rotational test (A-ART), may have utility in identifying patients with imaging evidence of upper cervical ligament injury.

Risk of Major Malformations Following First-Trimester Exposure to Olanzapine: Preliminary Data From the Massachusetts General Hospital National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications.

Purpose/background: Since its US Food and Drug Administration approval in 1996, olanzapine has been one of the most commonly prescribed atypical antipsychotics, making a better understanding of its reproductive safety profile critical. The goal of the current analysis was to determine the risk of major malformations among infants exposed to olanzapine during pregnancy compared with a group of nonexposed infants.

Methods/procedures: The National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications is a prospective pharmacovigilance program in which pregnant women are enrolled and interviewed during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Upper respiratory tract microbiota dynamics following COVID-19 in adults.

To date, little is known about the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, on the upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiota over time. To fill this knowledge gap, we used 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to characterize the URT microbiota in 48 adults, including (1) 24 participants with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 who had serial mid-turbinate swabs collected up to 21 days after enrolment and (2) 24 asymptomatic, uninfected controls who had mid-turbinate swabs collected at enrolment only. To compare the URT microbiota between groups in a comprehensive manner, different types of statistical analyses that are frequently employed in microbial ecology were used, including ⍺-diversity, β-diversity and differential abundance analyses.

Building Emotional Awareness and Mental Health (BEAM): an open-pilot and feasibility study of a digital mental health and parenting intervention for mothers of infants.

Background: Maternal mental health concerns and parenting stress in the first few years following childbirth are common and pose significant risks to maternal and child well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increases in maternal depression and anxiety and has presented unique parenting stressors. Although early intervention is crucial, there are significant barriers to accessing care.

Spatiotemporal variation in risk of Shigella infection in childhood: a global risk mapping and prediction model using individual participant data.

Background: Diarrhoeal disease is a leading cause of childhood illness and death globally, and Shigella is a major aetiological contributor for which a vaccine might soon be available. The primary objective of this study was to model the spatiotemporal variation in paediatric Shigella infection and map its predicted prevalence across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: Individual participant data for Shigella positivity in stool samples were sourced from multiple LMIC-based studies of children aged 59 months or younger.

Results From a Randomized, Open-Label, Crossover Study Evaluating the Effect of the Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitor Baxdrostat on the Pharmacokinetics of Metformin in Healthy Human Subjects.

Background: Due to the high comorbidity of diabetes and hypertension, co-administration of metformin with anti-hypertensive drugs is likely. Baxdrostat is an aldosterone synthase inhibitor in development for the potential treatment of hypertension. In vitro data indicated that baxdrostat inhibits the multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1) and MATE2-K renal transporters.

Hippo signaling and histone methylation control cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry through distinct transcriptional pathways.

Aims: Accumulating data demonstrates that new adult cardiomyocytes (CMs) are generated throughout life from pre-existing CMs, although the absolute magnitude of CM self-renewal is very low. Modifying epigenetic histone modifications or activating the Hippo-Yap pathway have been shown to promote adult CM cycling and proliferation. Whether these interventions work through common pathways or act independently is unknown.

The complete acute and post-acute care course of children affected by acute flaccid myelitis in Western Pennsylvania: A case series.

Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a "polio-like" neurologic disorder of the spinal cord gray matter characterized by asymmetric, flaccid limb weakness of rapid onset following prodromal viral illness. It has affected the pediatric population of the United States since 2014, but there is a paucity of literature describing the post-acute comprehensive rehabilitation management that maximizes functional outcomes for patients. This case series attempts to mitigate this by describing the complete acute and post-acute care course of six children diagnosed with AFM in Western Pennsylvania.

Establishment of the MGH Postpartum Psychosis Project: MGHP3.

Objective: Postpartum psychosis (PP) is a severe psychiatric disorder, with incomplete consensus on definition and diagnostic criteria. The Massachusetts General Hospital Postpartum Psychosis Project (MGHP3) was established to better ascertain the phenomenology of PP in a large cohort of diverse women spanning a wide geographical range (primarily in the US), including time of onset, symptom patterns, and associated comorbidities, psychiatric diagnoses pre- and post- the episode of PP, and also to identify genomic and clinical predictors of PP. This report describes the methods of MGHP3 and provides a status update.

Trait mindfulness and sleep: Interactions between observing and nonreactivity in the association with sleep health.

The current study investigated the associations between trait mindfulness and sleep health and examined the interactions between theoretically related mindfulness subscales. Participants ( = 162, M = 19.93) reported trait levels of mindfulness and sleep was assessed using questionnaires and actigraphy.

Single-shot electron radiography using a laser-plasma accelerator.

Contact and projection electron radiography of static targets was demonstrated using a laser-plasma accelerator driven by a kilojoule, picosecond-class laser as a source of relativistic electrons with an average energy of 20 MeV. Objects with areal densities as high as 7.7 g/cm were probed in materials ranging from plastic to tungsten, and radiographs with resolution as good as 90 μm were produced.

Types and correlates of school absenteeism among students with intellectual disability.

Background: It appears that students with intellectual disability (ID) are more frequently absent from school compared with students without ID. The objective of the current study was to estimate the frequency of absence among students with ID and the reasons for absence. Potential reasons included the attendance problems referred to as school refusal, where absence is related to emotional distress; truancy, where absence is concealed from parents; school exclusion, where absence is instigated by the school; and school withdrawal, where absence is initiated by parents.

Reproductive Safety of Lurasidone and Quetiapine: Update from the National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications.

Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), also called atypical antipsychotics, are common therapies for women with a spectrum of psychiatric disorders. No systematically ascertained human reproductive safety data are available for lurasidone, and prospective data for quetiapine are limited, making decisions regarding use of these medications during pregnancy complicated. The National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications is a prospective cohort study designed to collect reproductive safety data relative to SGAs.

Trends in Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Use in Cardiogenic Shock After the SHOCK-II Trial.

Myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (MI-CS) has a poor prognosis, even with early revascularization. Previously, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use was thought to improve outcomes, but the IABP-SHOCK-II (Intra-aortic Balloon Pump in Cardiogenic Shock-II study) trial found no survival benefit. We aimed to determine the trends in IABP use in patients who underwent percutaneous intervention over time.

Mucosal Gene Expression in Response to SARS-CoV-2 Is Associated with Viral Load.

Little is known about the relationships between symptomatic early severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load and upper airway mucosal gene expression and immune response. To examine the association of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 early viral load with upper airway mucosal gene expression, we profiled the host mucosal transcriptome from nasopharyngeal swab samples from 68 adults with symptomatic, mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). We measured SARS-CoV-2 viral load using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).

Climatological predictions of the auroral zone locations driven by moderate and severe space weather events.

Auroral zones are regions where, in an average sense, aurorae due to solar activity are most likely spotted. Their shape and, similarly, the geographical locations most vulnerable to extreme space weather events (which we term 'danger zones') are modulated by Earth's time-dependent internal magnetic field whose structure changes on yearly to decadal timescales. Strategies for mitigating ground-based space weather impacts over the next few decades can benefit from accurate forecasts of this evolution.

Evaluating Implementation and Outcomes of a Person-Centered Care Model for People with Dementia in the Rehabilitation In-Patient Setting: Project Protocol.

Background: While Australian guidelines promote person-centered healthcare (PCC) for persons with dementia, healthcare systems, routines, rules, and workplace cultures can pose challenges in the provision of PCC.

Objective: To present a knowledge translation protocol of the PCC model in a sub-acute rehabilitation hospital.

Methods: The two-year pre/post/follow-up translation project will include (n = 80) persons with dementia, (n = 80) adult family/carers of patient participants, (n = 60) healthcare staff (medical, nursing, allied health), and (n = 8) PCC staff champions.

Measurement of Dark Ice-Ablator Mix in Inertial Confinement Fusion.

We present measurements of ice-ablator mix at stagnation of inertially confined, cryogenically layered capsule implosions. An ice layer thickness scan with layers significantly thinner than used in ignition experiments enables us to investigate mix near the inner ablator interface. Our experiments reveal for the first time that the majority of atomically mixed ablator material is "dark" mix.

Activation of ONECUT2 by RB1 loss in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Functional loss of the two major tumor repressors, TP53 and RB1, is frequently involved in the emergence and progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Inactivating mutations in and promote lineage variants that suppress the androgen receptor axis and enhance therapy resistance. The present study provides the first evidence that RB1 loss, and not TP53 loss, is sufficient to activate the master regulator transcription factor ONECUT2 (OC2) in mCRPC.