Specialized cancer treatments have the potential to exploit glutamine dependence to increase patient survival rates. Glutamine diagnostics capable of tracking a patient's response to treatment would enable a personalized treatment dosage to optimize the tradeoff between treatment success and dangerous side effects. Current clinical glutamine testing requires sophisticated and expensive lab-based tests, which are not broadly available on a frequent, individualized basis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStandfirst Mounting interest in mental health conditions over the last two decades has been coupled with the increasing sophistication of techniques to study the brain . [Formula: see text].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThyroid receptor signaling controls major physiological processes and disrupted signaling can cause severe disorders that negatively impact human life. Consequently, methods to detect thyroid receptor ligands are of great toxicologic and pharmacologic importance. Previously, we reported thyroid receptor ligand detection with cell-free protein synthesis of a chimeric fusion protein composed of the human thyroid receptor beta (hTRβ) receptor activator and a β-lactamase reporter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVarious approaches have used neural networks as probabilistic models for the design of protein sequences. These "inverse folding" models employ different objective functions, which come with trade-offs that have not been assessed in detail before. This study introduces probabilistic definitions of protein stability and conformational specificity and demonstrates the relationship between these chemical properties and the [Formula: see text] Boltzmann probability objective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne technology, long-read sequencing, and one research field, microbiome studies, have risen to prominence over the last decade. But how can one be used in the other? What changes are being wrought? And what limitations remain? [Formula: see text].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a versatile biotechnology platform enabling a broad range of applications including clinical diagnostics, large-scale production of officinal therapeutics, small-scale on-demand production of personal magistral therapeutics, and exploratory research. The shelf stability and scalability of CFPS systems also have the potential to overcome cost and infrastructure challenges for distributing and using essential medical tests at home in both high- and low-income countries. However, CFPS systems are often more time-consuming and expensive to prepare than traditional in vivo systems, limiting their broader use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic blood tests can guide the administration of healthcare to save and improve lives. Most clinical biosensing blood tests require a trained technician and specialized equipment to process samples and interpret results, which greatly limits test accessibility. Colorimetric paper-based diagnostics have an equipment-free readout, but raw blood obscures a colorimetric response which has motivated diverse efforts to develop blood sample processing techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs a new realm of single-cell studies becomes more accessible, innovative developments in one well-established technique are driving the field towards full-coverage proteomic profiles of single cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA decade of progress in whole-genome sequencing techniques has imbued researchers with the confidence to sequence all eukaryotic life on earth. But what will be essential to their success, and what challenges await them?
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEditors explore the evolution of point-of-care testing over the past 2 years, inside and outside of the COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNuclear receptors (NRs) influence nearly every system of the body and our lives depend on correct NR signaling. Thus, a key environmental and pharmaceutical quest is to identify and detect chemicals which interact with nuclear hormone receptors, including endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), therapeutic receptor modulators, and natural hormones. Previously reported biosensors of nuclear hormone receptor ligands facilitated rapid detection of NR ligands using cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmidst the development of new single-cell technologies and the implementation of multiomic approaches, two Stanford labs are spearheading a new field of research to combat cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has illustrated the global demand for rapid, low-cost, widely distributable and point-of-care nucleic acid diagnostic technologies. Such technologies could help disrupt transmission, sustain economies and preserve health and lives during widespread infection. In contrast, conventional nucleic acid diagnostic procedures require trained personnel, complex laboratories, expensive equipment, and protracted processing times.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhere 3D printing was characterized by the new technologies and machinery, 4D printing is defined by the smart materials making waves in drug development and regenerative medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetagenomic approaches have been key to successful tracing and outbreak management during the COVID-19 pandemic. How can we use this knowledge to better prepare, strategize and prevent future pandemics? [Formula: see text].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew tools and increased awareness are yet to enact meaningful changes in reproducibility. Tristan Free investigates why and explores promising initiatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJoseph Martin and Tristan Free explore the latest developments in the T-cell-based therapy CAR-T and the challenges that need to be overcome for them to become common clinical practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMass spectrometry has been used for decades and continues to be an integral part of analytical research. This feature explores its latest applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe look at how next-generation sequencing has advanced research across different disease fields, and the growing importance of open access genomic databases.
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