Migration background, eating disorder symptoms and healthcare service utilisation: findings from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort.

Background: From a global perspective, eating disorders are increasingly common, probably because of societal transformation and improved detection. However, research on the impact of migration on the development of eating disorders is scarce, and previously reported results are conflicting.

Aims: To explore if eating disorder symptom prevalence varies according to birth region, parents' birth region and neighbourhood characteristics, and analyse if the observed patterns match the likelihood of being in specialist treatment.

Trends in intentional and unintentional poisonings among older adults - A national register-based study in Sweden.

Background: Among older people intentional poisoning outnumber unintentional ones. While there are indications that time trends differ by poisoning intent, studies are scarce. We assessed how the annual prevalence of intentional and unintentional poisoning changed over time, overall and by demographic groups.

Body image perception, smoking, alcohol use, indoor tanning, and disordered eating in young and middle-aged adults: findings from a large population-based Swedish study.

Background: Body image concerns may give rise to a multitude of risk behaviors, such as unhealthy weight control practices, disordered eating behaviors (e.g., compensatory purging or preoccupation with food), smoking, excessive alcohol intake, or sunbed use.

Consumption of fruit and vegetables and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a 4-year longitudinal study among Swedish adults.

A low intake of fruit and vegetables is a significant contributor to the global burden of disease. The aim of this study was to estimate the size of the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) of a low intake and to investigate possible sex differences. In this regard, this study used a longitudinal data from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort located in Sweden, collected in 2010 and 2014.

Symptoms of disordered eating among adult international adoptees: A population-based cohort study.

Objective: There is a paucity of data on disordered eating among adoptees. The aim of the present study was to explore the prevalence of symptoms of disordered eating and body image concerns among international adoptees in a large representative community survey on health-related behaviours.

Method: Combining survey data from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort and Swedish population data, adult international adoptees were compared with total participant data to assess differences in disordered eating and body dissatisfaction.

Prevalence of Voice Disorders in the General Population, Based on the Stockholm Public Health Cohort.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of voice disorders in the general population.

Study Design: Analysis of data from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort.

Methods: A public health survey was distributed to an open cohort of 114,538 adults >18 years of age in the area of Stockholm County, Sweden.

Trends in levels of self-reported psychological distress among individuals who seek psychiatric services over eight years: a comparison between age groups in three population surveys in Stockholm County.

Background: Psychiatric service use has increased in Sweden and in other developed countries, particularly among young people. Possible explanations include lower threshold for help-seeking among young people, but evidence is scarce.

Methods: We analysed the 2002, 2006 and 2010 Stockholm public health surveys for changes in the mean level of psychological distress among adult users of psychiatric in- and outpatient services in four age groups: 18-24, 25-44, 45-64 and ≥65 years.

Group Treatment for Adults With ADHD Based on a Novel Combination of Cognitive and Dialectical Behavior Interventions: A Feasibility Study.

To evaluate feasibility and preliminary effects of a new group treatment manual for adults with ADHD and to explore adherence to treatment and its relation to outcome. Eighteen adults with ADHD recruited from neuropsychiatric units in Stockholm underwent a 14-week program including combined cognitive and dialectical behavior therapy. Assessments were made at baseline, posttreatment, and follow-up, at one and six months after treatment end.

Peginterferon Lambda-1a Is Associated with a Low Incidence of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Chronic Hepatitis C.

Peginterferon alfa (alfa) increases the risk of autoimmune disease. Peginterferon lambda-1a (Lambda) acts through a receptor with a more liver-specific distribution compared to the alfa receptor. In a phase-2b study, 525 treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection received ribavirin and Lambda interferon (120, 180, or 240 μg) or alfa interferon (180 μg) for 24 (genotypes 2 and 3) or 48 (genotypes 1 and 4) weeks.

Efficacy and safety of treatment with an anti-m2e monoclonal antibody in experimental human influenza.

Background: The efficacy of TCN-032, a human monoclonal antibody targeting a conserved epitope on M2e, was explored in experimental human influenza.

Methods: Healthy volunteers were inoculated with influenza A/Wisconsin/67/2005 (H3N2) and received a single dose of the study drug, TCN-032, or placebo 24 hours later. Subjects were monitored for symptoms, viral shedding, and safety, including cytokine measurements.

Use of Scandinavian moist smokeless tobacco (snus) and the risk of atrial fibrillation.

Background: Snus is a smokeless tobacco product, widely used among Swedish men and increasingly so elsewhere. There is debate as to whether snus is an acceptable "harm-reduction" tobacco product. Since snus use delivers a dose of nicotine equivalent to cigarettes, and has been implicated in cardiac arrhythmia because of associations with sudden cardiovascular death, a relation with atrial fibrillation is plausible and important to investigate.

Snus (Swedish smokeless tobacco) use and risk of stroke: pooled analyses of incidence and survival.

Background: Snus is a moist smokeless tobacco product with high nicotine content. Its use has a short-term effect on the cardiovascular system, but the relationship between snus use and stroke is unclear.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the associations between use of snus and incidence of and survival after stroke, both overall and according to subtypes.

Cohort profile: The Stockholm Public Health Cohort.

The Stockholm Public Health Cohort was set up within the Stockholm County Council public health surveys to inform on determinants and consequences of significant contributors to the current burden of disease. Participants are 89 268 randomly selected individuals from the adult population of Stockholm County. Baseline surveys took place in 2002, 2006 and 2010 via self-administered questionnaires.

Use of snus and acute myocardial infarction: pooled analysis of eight prospective observational studies.

The use of snus (also referred to as Scandinavian or Swedish moist smokeless tobacco), which is common in Sweden and increasing elsewhere, is receiving increasing attention since considered a tobacco smoke "potential reduction exposure product". Snus delivers a high dose of nicotine with possible hemodynamic effects, but its impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether snus use is associated with risk of and survival after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Recombinant human thrombin: safety and immunogenicity in pediatric burn wound excision.

Background: Previous studies of recombinant human thrombin (rThrombin) enrolled adult and adolescent patients. This phase 4, open-label, single-group study was conducted in pediatric patients undergoing synchronous burn wound excision and skin grafting to provide information regarding the safety and immunogenicity of rThrombin (primary and secondary endpoints) in this population.

Methods: Topical rThrombin was applied as a hemostatic aid during a surgical procedure (day 1).

Who takes paternity leave? A cohort study on prior social and health characteristics among fathers in Stockholm.

Progress towards gender equality involves changes in the traditional parental division - female caring and male breadwinning. One aspect is increased parental leave for fathers, which may benefit the health of mothers, children, and fathers themselves. We examined how social and health characteristics (2002) were associated with paternity leave in excess of the 'father quota' of 60 days (2003-2006) in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort.

Steroid-sparing properties of sargramostim in patients with corticosteroid-dependent Crohn's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study.

Objective: Although treatment with corticosteroids induces remission in Crohn's disease, prolonged exposure to corticosteroids is undesirable. This randomised clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (sargramostim), an activator of innate immunity, in corticosteroid-dependent patients with Crohn's disease.

Design: Patients were randomised in a 2:1 ratio, to sargramostim 6 microg/kg subcutaneously once daily or placebo for up to 22 weeks.

Is cumulative exposure to economic hardships more hazardous to women's health than men's? A 16-year follow-up study of the Swedish Survey of Living Conditions.

Background: Previous research has shown an association between cumulative economic hardships and various health outcomes. However, the cumulative effects of economic hardships in regard to gender differences have not been given enough attention.

Methods: 1981 women and 1799 men were followed up over a period of 16 years (1981-1997), using data from the Swedish Survey of Living Conditions panel study.

A three-part study to investigate the incidence and potential etiologies of tadalafil-associated back pain or myalgia.

The potential mechanisms underlying back pain and/or myalgia experienced by men taking tadalafil were investigated. An integrated analysis of 10 placebo-controlled tadalafil clinical trials (N=1846) showed that the incidence of back pain and/or myalgia was 9.4% in patients receiving tadalafil 10 mg (N=394), 8.

A 6-month study of the efficacy and safety of tadalafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction: a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study in Australian men.

The efficacy and safety of tadalafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) were assessed in a 6-month, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Australian men with mild, moderate or severe ED of organic, psychogenic or mixed aetiology were randomised to tadalafil 20 mg as needed (n = 93) or placebo (n = 47). Efficacy assessments included the international index of erectile function (IIEF) and the sexual encounter profile (SEP) diary.

Efficacy, safety, and treatment satisfaction of tadalafil versus placebo in patients with erectile dysfunction evaluated at tertiary-care academic centers.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy, safety, and treatment satisfaction of tadalafil 20 mg for erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients evaluated at tertiary-care academic centers.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, patients were randomly allocated to receive fixed-dose tadalafil 20 mg (n = 146) or placebo (n = 49) for 12 weeks. Efficacy was assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP), and Global Assessment Question (GAQ); patient and partner treatment satisfaction by the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS) and SEP; and safety by adverse events, laboratory values, and vital signs.

Impact of diabetes mellitus on the severity of erectile dysfunction and response to treatment: analysis of data from tadalafil clinical trials.

Aims/hypothesis: A retrospective analysis of pooled data from twelve placebo-controlled trials was conducted to characterise the efficacy and safety of tadalafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes compared with that in men without diabetes.

Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to tadalafil 10 mg, 20 mg, or placebo, taken as needed for 12 weeks. The study population comprised 637 men with diabetes (mean age 57 years) and 1681 men without diabetes (mean age 56 years).