Endoscopic follow-up of low-grade precancerous bronchial lesions in high-risk patients: long-term results of the SELEPREBB randomised multicentre trial.

Background: 3-9% of low-grade preinvasive bronchial lesions progress to cancer. This study assessed the usefulness of an intensive bronchoscopy surveillance strategy in patients with bronchial lesions up to moderate squamous dysplasia.

Methods: SELEPREBB (ClinicalTrials.

Comprehensive Molecular and Pathologic Evaluation of Transitional Mesothelioma Assisted by Deep Learning Approach: A Multi-Institutional Study of the International Mesothelioma Panel from the MESOPATH Reference Center.

Introduction: Histologic subtypes of malignant pleural mesothelioma are a major prognostic indicator and decision denominator for all therapeutic strategies. In an ambiguous case, a rare transitional mesothelioma (TM) pattern may be diagnosed by pathologists either as epithelioid mesothelioma (EM), biphasic mesothelioma (BM), or sarcomatoid mesothelioma (SM). This study aimed to better characterize the TM subtype from a histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular standpoint.

In situ BCL2 expression is an independent prognostic factor in HIV-associated DLBCL, a LYMPHOVIR cohort study.

The prognostic value of cell of origin (COO) classification and BCL2 expression is not well established in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the recent era. Phenotypic patterns were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of pathological samples from patients with HIV-associated DLBCL prospectively enrolled in the French AIDS and Viral Hepatitis CO16 Lymphovir cohort between 2008 and 2015. Molecular subgroup classification into germinal centre B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes was determined using the Hans algorithm.

Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma: a multicenter study of 5 new cases and review of the 135 cases of the literature.

Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma (PHG) is a rare disease characterized by single or multiple benign lung nodules mimicking lung neoplasma. Histologic analysis reveals homogenous hyaline lamellae, usually surrounded by collection of plasma cells, lymphocytes and histiocytes in a perivascular distribution. The clinical and radiological findings have been described in small series, but the long-term outcomes have rarely been reported.

Semantic Integrative Digital Pathology: Insights into Microsemiological Semantics and Image Analysis Scalability.

Being able to provide a traceable and dynamic second opinion has become an ethical priority for patients and health care professionals in modern computer-aided medicine. In this perspective, a semantic cognitive virtual microscopy approach has been recently initiated, the MICO project, by focusing on cognitive digital pathology. This approach supports the elaboration of pathology-compliant daily protocols dedicated to breast cancer grading, in particular mitotic counts and nuclear atypia.

Plasmodium falciparum full life cycle and Plasmodium ovale liver stages in humanized mice.

Experimental studies of Plasmodium parasites that infect humans are restricted by their host specificity. Humanized mice offer a means to overcome this and further provide the opportunity to observe the parasites in vivo. Here we improve on previous protocols to achieve efficient double engraftment of TK-NOG mice by human primary hepatocytes and red blood cells.

Comparative analysis of primary tumour and matched metastases in colorectal cancer patients: evaluation of concordance between genomic and transcriptional profiles.

Purpose: Focal and temporal tumour heterogeneity can represent a major challenge for biology-guided therapies. This study proposes to investigative molecular discrepancies between primary colorectal cancer (CRC) samples and matched metastases.

Experimental Design: Surgical samples from primary and matched metastatic tissues from 13 CRC patients along with their adjacent normal tissue were evaluated.

Mitosis detection in breast cancer histological images An ICPR 2012 contest.

Introduction: In the framework of the Cognitive Microscope (MICO) project, we have set up a contest about mitosis detection in images of H and E stained slides of breast cancer for the conference ICPR 2012. Mitotic count is an important parameter for the prognosis of breast cancer. However, mitosis detection in digital histopathology is a challenging problem that needs a deeper study.

Automated mitosis detection using texture, SIFT features and HMAX biologically inspired approach.

Context: According to Nottingham grading system, mitosis count in breast cancer histopathology is one of three components required for cancer grading and prognosis. Manual counting of mitosis is tedious and subject to considerable inter- and intra-reader variations.

Aims: The aim is to investigate the various texture features and Hierarchical Model and X (HMAX) biologically inspired approach for mitosis detection using machine-learning techniques.

Liver biopsy analysis has a low level of performance for diagnosis of intermediate stages of fibrosis.

Background & Aims: There is controversy about the performance of noninvasive tests such as FibroTest in diagnosing intermediate stages of fibrosis. We investigated whether this controversy results from limitations of biopsy analysis for intermediate-stage fibrosis and inappropriate determination of the standard area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUROC).

Methods: To determine whether biopsy has a lower diagnostic performance for fibrosis stage F2 (few septa) vs F1 (fibrosis without septa), compared with its performance for F1 vs F0 or F4 vs F3, we determined the fibrotic areas of large surgical samples collected from 20 consecutive patients with chronic liver disease or normal liver tissue that surrounded tumors.

Clinical significance of intratumoral CD8+ regulatory T cells in prostate carcinoma.

Objective: To explore Foxp3, a member of the forkhead box family of transcription factors, which is a major gene for regulatory T (Treg) cell development of CD4+CD25+ or CD8+CD25+ phenotype.

Study Design: We constructed tissue microarrays from 82 patients after radical prostatectomy (RP). Three cores of neoplastic tissue and 3 from normal/inflammatory tissue were taken.

Mandibular cuniculatum carcinoma: apropos of 3 cases and literature review.

Background: Cuniculatum carcinoma is a well-differentiated form of squamous cell carcinoma that shares histologic characteristics with papillary squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma. Cuniculatum carcinoma usually occurs on the plantar region, and only 16 cases involving the oral cavity have been described in the literature.

Methods: The authors have reported 3 cases of mandibular cuniculatum carcinoma.

Pulmonary involvement in Erdheim-Chester disease: a single-center study of thirty-four patients and a review of the literature.

Objective: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare form of non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis that may present with pulmonary involvement. We undertook the current study to evaluate the characteristic features of pulmonary involvement in ECD, in the largest single-center series of patients reported to date.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of the characteristics of 34 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven ECD who were referred to the internal medicine department of Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital between 1981 and November 2008.

Full analysis of the prostatic urethra at the time of radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer: impact on final disease stage.

Prostate involvement is a major prognostic element in urothelium carcinoma staging after radical cystoprostatectomy (RCP) for muscle invasive bladder cancer. While appropriate pTNM stage is necessary for adequate treatment, no standard procedure exists up to now for macroscopic sampling of the prostate in RCP in daily practice. We therefore propose a protocol where examination of the whole prostatic urethra (PU) is possible, without using whole mount sections.

Counter-regulation by atorvastatin of gene modulations induced by L-NAME hypertension is associated with vascular protection.

Statins, 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, protect against deleterious effects of chronic nitric oxide inhibition. We aimed at determining the genes and pathways involved in the protective effect of statin treatment during hypertension. Chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced accelerated hypertension which was slightly reduced by cotreatment with atorvastatin (100 mg/kg/day).

Development and pathology of pulmonary hypertension.

The Development and Pathology working group was charged with reviewing the present knowledge, gaps in understanding, and areas for further studies in a broad range of themes. These themes in pulmonary vascular biology and pathobiology involved: 1) pulmonary vascular development; 2) pulmonary vascular disease accompanying fetal development and perinatal life; 3) properties of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells; 4) role of bone marrow cells in pulmonary vascular disease; 5) insights into pulmonary thromboembolic disease; 6) role of pathology in the assessment of pulmonary vascular disease; and 7) considerations of tissue banking for research in pulmonary hypertension. These important goals provide a blueprint for future research that may significantly impact our present and future understanding of pulmonary hypertension.