Computed Tomography Observer Agreement in Staging Malignant Lymphoma.

Objective: To determine pretreatment computed tomography observer agreement in patients with newly diagnosed lymphoma.

Methods: Forty-nine computed tomography scans were reviewed by 3 experienced radiologists, with each scan assessed twice by 1 observer. Predefined nodal and extranodal regions were assessed, and Ann Arbor stages were assigned.

Scoring haemophilic arthropathy on X-rays: improving inter- and intra-observer reliability and agreement using a consensus atlas.

Objectives: The radiological Pettersson score (PS) is widely applied for classification of arthropathy to evaluate costly haemophilia treatment. This study aims to assess and improve inter- and intra-observer reliability and agreement of the PS.

Methods: Two series of X-rays (bilateral elbows, knees, and ankles) of 10 haemophilia patients (120 joints) with haemophilic arthropathy were scored by three observers according to the PS (maximum score 13/joint).

Whole-body MRI-DWI for assessment of residual disease after completion of therapy in lymphoma: A prospective multicenter study.

Background: To assess the performance of whole-body MRI including diffusion-weighted imaging (whole-body MRI-DWI) for the detection of residual disease after completion of treatment in lymphoma patients.

Methods: Twenty-six patients with lymphoma prospectively underwent whole-body MRI-DWI (1.5 Tesla MR) and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/computed tomography (CT) for posttreatment evaluation which were visually assessed.

Accuracy of whole-body MRI in the assessment of splenic involvement in lymphoma.

Background: Accurate evaluation of the spleen is an important component of staging lymphoma, because this may have prognostic and therapeutic implications.

Purpose: To determine the diagnostic value of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including diffusion-weighted imaging (whole-body MRI-DWI) in the detection of splenic involvement in lymphoma.

Material And Methods: This IRB approved, prospective multicenter study included a total of 107 patients with newly diagnosed, histologically proven lymphoma who underwent 1.

High-resolution CT can differentiate between alloimmune and nonalloimmune lung disease early after hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a simple semiquantitative high-resolution CT (HRCT) scoring system to differentiate alloimmune-mediated lung syndromes (allo-LS) from other lung diseases early after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Allo-LS should be differentiated from other abnormalities, such as infections and toxicity, because they are life threatening and require prompt and specific treatment.

Materials And Methods: In 52 pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant recipients with early symptoms of pulmonary disease, a clinical diagnosis was made by an expert physician.

Diagnostic accuracy of Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy and renal ultrasonography for detecting renal scarring and relative function in patients with spinal dysraphism.

Aims: To study additional benefits of performing Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (Tc-99m-DMSA) scintigraphy as part of the follow-up of adults with spinal dysraphism (SD), compared with ultrasonography, with regard to finding renal scarring and difference in split renal function.

Methods: Between January 2011 and April 2013 every patient visiting our specialized outpatient clinic for adults with SD was invited to undergo both renal ultrasonography and Tc-99m-DMSA scintigraphy. Outcomes of both modalities were compared, with focus on renal scarring.

Can full-dose contrast-enhanced CT be omitted from an FDG-PET/CT staging examination in newly diagnosed FDG-avid lymphoma?

Objective: To determine whether full-dose contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) (CECT) can be omitted from an F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) (FDG-PET)/CT staging examination in newly diagnosed FDG-avid lymphoma.

Methods: Twenty-nine patients with newly diagnosed FDG-avid lymphoma prospectively underwent unenhanced low-dose FDG-PET/CT and CECT. Different observers evaluated unenhanced low-dose FDG-PET/CT and CECT in a blinded manner.

Whole-body MRI for initial staging of paediatric lymphoma: prospective comparison to an FDG-PET/CT-based reference standard.

Objective: To compare whole-body MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (whole-body MRI-DWI), with FDG-PET/CT for staging newly diagnosed paediatric lymphoma.

Methods: A total of 36 children with newly diagnosed lymphoma prospectively underwent both whole-body MRI-DWI and FDG-PET/CT. Whole-body MRI-DWI was successfully performed in 33 patients (mean age 13.

Whole-body MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging, for staging lymphoma: comparison with CT in a prospective multicenter study.

Purpose: To compare whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), to computed tomography (CT) for staging newly diagnosed lymphoma.

Materials And Methods: In all, 108 patients with newly diagnosed lymphoma prospectively underwent whole-body MRI (T1-weighted and T2-weighted short inversion time inversion recovery [n = 108], and DWI [n = 104]) and CT. Ann Arbor stages were assigned according to whole-body MRI and CT findings.

Laparoscopy-assisted anorectal pull-through in anorectal malformations: a reappraisal.

Background: Anorectal malformation is a complex anomaly with a broad variety of expressions. There are different techniques available for correction of the anomaly, all with their specific morbidity. Recently, much attention has been paid to acquired posterior urethral diverticulum after correction of anorectal malformation.

Newly diagnosed lymphoma: initial results with whole-body T1-weighted, STIR, and diffusion-weighted MRI compared with 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare whole-body MRI including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with (18)F-FDG PET/CT in the staging of newly diagnosed lymphoma.

Subjects And Methods: Twenty-two consecutively registered patients with newly diagnosed lymphoma prospectively underwent whole-body MRI (22 with T1-weighted, STIR, and DWI sequences and 21 with T1-weighted and STIR sequences but not DWI) and FDG PET/CT. Whole-body MRI-DWI was independently evaluated by two blinded observers.

Does high-resolution CT has diagnostic value in patients presenting with respiratory symptoms after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation?

Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) can be complicated by a variety of live-threatening infectious and non-infectious pulmonary complications. The management of these complications is critically dependent on the most probable diagnosis, which is in part based on imaging work-up.

Methods: Systematic review of the literature related to the diagnostic value of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in patients who underwent SCT and developed respiratory symptoms.

Transinguinal sonographic determination of the position of the femoral head after reposition and follow-up in a spica cast.

Background: Transinguinal sonography can be used to demonstrate the position of the femoral head after reduction of a dislocated hip.

Objective: To determine whether transinguinal sonography can replace radiography and CT in the follow-up after reduction of a hip dislocation?

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three children with 39 dislocated hips were followed up with sonography after reduction and immobilization in a spica cast. In cases of an abnormal position a CT scan was advised.

Evaluation of a training program for general ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in preventive child health care.

Background: A research study in the Netherlands showed that general ultrasound (US) screening was cost-effective in the detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). This study was followed by a pilot implementation study. Part of this pilot implementation study is to investigate whether professionals of the infant health care (IHC) system, with no previous US experience, would be able to perform US of the hip.

A CT scan score for the assessment of lung disease in children with common variable immunodeficiency disorders.

Background: The prevalence and severity of structural lung disease in children with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) disorders is not well known, and a dedicated CT scanning protocol and CT scan scoring system have not been described in this category.

Methods: This was a cohort study of 54 children (34 CVID, 20 CVID-like disorder) in a stable condition who underwent volumetric inspiratory and end-expiratory CT scans. Scans were scored for airway abnormalities, interstitial and parenchymal lung disease, and lymphadenopathy using a newly developed CT scan scoring system.

Whole-body MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging, for the initial staging of malignant lymphoma: comparison to computed tomography.

Purpose: To assess the value of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), for the initial staging of malignant lymphoma, compared with computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-one consecutive patients with newly diagnosed malignant lymphoma prospectively underwent whole-body MRI (T1-weighted and short inversion time inversion recovery [n = 31], and DWI [n = 28]) and CT. Ann Arbor stages were assigned by 1 radiologist according to whole-body MRI findings, and by another radiologist according to CT findings.

Stent placement in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and impaired renal function: a randomized trial.

Background: Little is known about the efficacy and safety of renal artery stenting in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) and impaired renal function.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of stent placement in patients with ARAS and impaired renal function.

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Neonatal hydrocortisone treatment: neurodevelopmental outcome and MRI at school age in preterm-born children.

Objective: To investigate neurodevelopment at school age in preterm infants treated with hydrocortisone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the neonatal period.

Study Design: Preterm infants (n = 226; gestational age < or = 32 weeks and/or body weight < or = 1500 grams) performed subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, the Visual Motor Integration test, a 15-Word Memory Test and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children at school age. Conventional MRI of the brain was obtained.

Knee radiography in the diagnosis of skeletal dysplasias.

Background: Flattening of the epiphyses of long bones is seen in several skeletal dysplasias and standardized measurements on a radiograph of the knee to detect skeletal dysplasias using this feature have been described. Since then only two other studies in which this method was used have been published, and both included only a small number of children and neither had a control group. In addition, the Dutch National Working Group on Skeletal Dysplasias began to have doubts about the reliability of the method.

Accuracy of computed tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance angiography for diagnosing renal artery stenosis.

Background: Timely, accurate detection of renal artery stenosis is important because this disorder may be a potentially curable cause of hypertension and renal impairment.

Objective: To determine the validity of computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for detection of renal artery stenosis.

Design: Prospective multicenter comparative study conducted from 1998 to 2001.

Prevalence of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis in patients starting dialysis.

Background: Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) can lead to end-stage renal failure (ESRF). We determined the prevalence of ARAS in patients 45 years of age or older starting renal replacement therapy.

Methods: Forty-nine of 80 consecutive patients (37 males, 12 females) starting renal replacement therapy in our centre gave informed consent and underwent spiral computed tomographic angiography of their renal arteries.

Ultrasound in the management of the position of the femoral head during treatment in a spica cast after reduction of hip dislocation in developmental dysplasia of the hip.

In this prospective study of 18 hips we compared the efficacy of ultrasound with CT in determining the position of the femoral head in a spica cast after closed or open reduction in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Ultrasound was performed through the perineal opening of the cast. With a transinguinal approach, the superior ramus of the pubis, the acetabulum, the femoral head and the femoral neck can be depicted in one plane.

Repeated intervention for in-stent restenosis of the renal arteries.

Purpose: To assess the long-term technical success of repeated endovascular intervention in stenosed renal artery stents.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen patients with stenoses >or=50% in a renal stent placed because of an ostial atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis were included in this study. In the presence of increased blood pressure or decreased renal function, the in-stent restenosis was treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in the stent or placement of a second stent if the stenosis was located too distally in the stent.

Clinical, radiological and functional follow-up after surgical decompression of double aortic arch.

Background: Double aortic arch (DAA) is a congenital vascular anomaly that causes tracheal and oesophageal compression. It requires surgical intervention in patients with severe symptoms.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical, radiological and functional follow-up after surgical relief of the compression.

MR urography for the preoperative evaluation of living renal donors.

The purpose of this study was to assess the image quality and diagnostic value of MR urography in detecting abnormalities of the urinary collecting system relevant for the preoperative evaluation of living renal donors. Study subjects were selected from the existing intravenous urography (IVU) reports: 18 consecutive patients with a duplication or another abnormality of the collecting system and 20 consecutive patients with normal anatomy. They underwent a respiratory-triggered 3D T2-weighted fast spin-echo acquisition after oral administration of furosemide, without and with abdominal compression.