A BURST-BAUS consensus document for best practice in the conduct of scrotal exploration for suspected testicular torsion: the Finding consensus for orchIdopeXy In Torsion (FIX-IT) study.

Objectives: To produce a best practice consensus guideline for the conduct of scrotal exploration for suspected testicular torsion using formal consensus methodology.

Materials And Methods: A panel of 16 expert urologists, representing adult, paediatric, general, and andrological urology used the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Consensus Methodology to score a 184 statement pre-meeting questionnaire on the conduct of scrotal exploration for suspected testicular torsion. The collated responses were presented at a face-to-face online meeting and each item was rescored anonymously after a group discussion, facilitated by an independent chair with expertise in consensus methodology.

Reproductive outcomes in women with classic bladder exstrophy: an observational cross-sectional study.

Objective: We sought to examine the reproductive outcomes of 52 women with classical bladder exstrophy.

Study Design: This was an observational study with cross-sectional and retrospective arms.

Results: The average age of the sample was 33 years (range, 17-63).

Changing P2X receptor localization on maturing sperm in the epididymides of mice, hamsters, rats, and humans: a preliminary study.

Objective: To study using immunohistochemistry the localization of P2X receptor subtypes on the head of immature sperm in the human, mouse, hamster, and rat caput epididymidis.

Design: Basic research.

Setting: University-based hospital.

The purinergic component of human vas deferens contraction.

Objective: To examine purinergic signaling in human vas deferens.

Design: To study contractile responses of the scrotal vas deferens.

Setting: Research department of a university teaching hospital.

Alterations in purinergic and cholinergic components of contractile responses of isolated detrusor contraction in a rat model of partial bladder outlet obstruction.

Objective: To study the effect of 3 weeks of partial bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), compared to a sham operation, on the cholinergic and purinergic components of detrusor contractile responses to agonists and to electrical field stimulation (EFS); the expression of P2X receptor subtypes was also examined.

Materials And Methods: Partial BOO was induced in female Sprague-Dawley rats by surgically applying a jeweller's silver 'jump' ring around the urethra, such that the urethra was constricted but not closed. Sham-operated female rats underwent an identical procedure without placement of a ring.

Smooth muscle and purinergic contraction of the human, rabbit, rat, and mouse testicular capsule.

The smooth-muscle cells of the testicular capsule (tunica albuginea) of man, rat, and mouse were examined by electron microscopy. They were characteristically flattened, elongated, branching cells and diffusely incorporated into the collagenous matrix and did not form a compact muscle layer. Contractile and synthetic smooth-muscle cell phenotypes were identified.