Changes over time in organic matter dynamics and copper solubility in a vineyard soil after incorporation of cover crop residues: Insights from a batch experiment.

Cover crops (CCs) are increasingly used in viticulture because they benefit the soil and the environment in many ways. This study investigated the extent to which the incorporation of CC residues altered organic matter (OM) and Cu dynamics in a Cu-contaminated vineyard topsoil. A 92-day incubation period was used to monitor changes over time in carbon mineralization, carbon hydrolytic enzyme activity, concentration and optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM), and Cu solubility after the addition (or not) of two CC residues, oat or faba bean.

Increased efficiency could lessen the need for more staff in companion animal practice.

Objective: To evaluate technical efficiency of US companion animal practices.

Sample: 60 independently owned companion animal practices selected from the 2022 AVMA Veterinary Practice Owners Survey.

Procedures: A ratio of the weighted sum of outputs to weighted sum of inputs was computed for each practice (ie, decision-making unit [DMU]).

Benefits of practice ownership among US private practice veterinarians extend to professional quality of life.

Objective: To estimate the effects of practice ownership on wellbeing of US private practice veterinarians.

Sample: 1,217 practice owners and 1,414 associate veterinarians (ie, nonowners) who participated in the 2021 AVMA Census of Veterinarians and Practice Owners Survey.

Procedures: A professional quality of life instrument was used to measure compassion satisfaction (CS; a positive attribute), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS) in practice owners and nonowners both as scores and as score categories (low, moderate, and high CS, BO, and STS).

Nonveterinarian staff increase revenue and improve veterinarian productivity in mixed and companion animal veterinary practices in the United States.

Objective: To determine the contributions of veterinarians and support staff to revenue and veterinarian productivity (ie, number of patients seen/full-time-equivalent veterinarian/wk) in private mixed and companion animal practices in the US and identify staff-to-veterinarian labor ratios (SVLRs) that maximized these 2 practice outputs.

Sample: 409 owners of mixed and companion animal practices who participated in the 2020 AVMA Practice Owner Survey.

Procedures: Data regarding owner demographics, practice characteristics, labor (defined as mean total hours worked/wk), and gross revenue in 2019 were obtained from participating practices.

Do DOM optical parameters improve the prediction of copper availability in vineyard soils?

Accumulation of copper (Cu) in soils due to the application of fungicides may be toxic for organisms and hence affect winegrowing sustainability. Soil parameters such as pH and dissolved organic matter (DOM) are known to affect the availability of Cu. In this study, we investigated the contribution of chromophoric and fluorescent DOM properties to the prediction of Cu availability in 18 organic vineyard soils in the Bordeaux winegrowing area (France).

Compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress among full-time veterinarians in the United States (2016-2018).

Objective: To determine prevalences of low compassion satisfaction (CS), high burnout (BO), and high secondary traumatic stress (STS) scores among full-time US veterinarians and estimate effects of selected demographic, employment-related, and education-related factors on those scores.

Sample: 5,020 full-time veterinarians who participated in the 2016, 2017, and 2018 AVMA Census of Veterinarians surveys.

Procedures: Data were obtained from census surveys regarding demographic, employment-related, and education-related factors, and scores assigned to items from a professional quality-of-life instrument designed to measure CS and compassion fatigue (ie, BO and STS) were compared between and among various demographic and employment groups.

Online procurement of pet supplies and willingness to pay for veterinary telemedicine.

Changing consumer shopping behaviors, and specifically the shift towards online procurement of goods and services, have altered the retail landscape of nearly all goods, including pet products and services. Whilst it is known and commonly discussed that less retail business for products and medications is being conducted in clinics than in the past, it is not well documented where that commerce is now taking place, and by what customer segments. For cats, dogs, and other pets, specialty food and food in general was purchased by a high percentage of respondents at the physical store.

Familiarity and Use of Veterinary Services by US Resident Dog and Cat Owners.

Pet ownership, veterinary use, and beliefs regarding veterinary care were elicited through the use of a nationally representative survey of 997 U.S. residents.

A census of veterinarians in the United States.

Analysis of the AVMA's electronic membership database provided information on 113,394 veterinarians living in the United States in 2018. At 39%, Millennials represented the highest percentage of the US veterinary workforce, and women (61.7%) outnumbered men (38.