Alcohol consumption, substance use, and depression in relation to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) nonadherence among gay, bisexual, and other men-who-have-sex-with-men.

Background: Although HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) substantially diminishes the likelihood of HIV acquisition, poor adherence can decrease the HIV-protective benefits of PrEP. The present investigation sought to identify the extent to which alcohol consumption, substance use, and depression were linked to PrEP nonadherence among gay, bisexual, and other men-who-have-sex-with-men (gbMSM).

Methods: gbMSM (age ≥ 18, prescribed PrEP for ≥3 months) were recruited from two clinics in Toronto, Canada for an e-survey assessing demographics; PrEP nonadherence (4-day PrEP-focused ACTG assessment); hazardous and harmful alcohol use (AUDIT scores of 8-15 and 16+, respectively); moderate/high risk substance use (NIDA M-ASSIST scores > 4); depression (CESD-10 scores ≥10); and other PrEP-relevant factors.

Cardiovascular Events in an Inner-City HIV Clinic and Relationship to Abacavir Versus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Containing Antiretroviral Regimens.

Following cardiovascular events (CVE) among people living with HIV (PLWH) is essential. Abacavir (ABC)'s impact on CVE challenges clinicians. We characterized CVE at our HIV clinic associated with ABC versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF).

Time to Viremia for Patients Taking their First Antiretroviral Regimen and the Subsequent Resistance Profiles.

Background: The resistance profiles for patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens after viremia have not been well studied in community clinic settings in the modern treatment era.

Objective: To determine time to viremia and the ART resistance profiles of viremic patients.

Methods: HIV-positive patients aged ≥16 years initiating a three-drug regimen were retrospectively identified from 01/01/06 to 12/31/12.

Time to virologic failure for patients taking their first antiretroviral regimen and the subsequent resistance profiles.

Introduction: The resistance profiles of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens after virologic failure have yet to be studied in a clinic setting in the modern treatment era. Time to virologic failure among three standard first-line regimens and the resistance profiles of these failures were compared.

Materials And Methods: All HIV-positive persons aged 16 and over starting a three-drug first-line ART regimen were retrospectively identified at a Toronto community clinic (1 January 2006-1 January 2013).

Recognizing cognitive and psychiatric changes in the post-highly active antiretroviral therapy era.

Amid numerous complications that plague the health and quality of life of people living with HIV, neurocognitive and psychiatric illnesses pose unique challenges. While there remains uncertainty with respect to the pathophysiology surrounding these disorders, their adverse implications are increasingly recognized. Left undetected, they have the potential to significantly impact patient well being, adherence to antiretroviral treatment and overall health outcomes.