Pre-hospital factors and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to population density, a nationwide study.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the impact of population density on bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods: Through the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry (2001-2013), OHCAs ≥18 years of presumed cardiac cause were identified, and divided according to the OHCA location in four population density groups (inhabitants/km) based on urban/rural area-definitions: low (<300/km), medium (300-1499/km), high (1500-2999/km), very high (>3000/km). The association between population density, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and survival was examined using logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, comorbitidies and calendar-year.

Early ICD implantation in cardiac arrest survivors with acute coronary syndrome - predictors of implantation, ICD-therapy and long-term survival.

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation in patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is controversial. Consecutive OHCA-survivors due to AMI from two Danish tertiary heart centers from 2007 to 2011 were included. Predictors of ICD-implantation, ICD-therapy and long-term survival (5 years) were investigated.

Smartphone Activation of Citizen Responders to Facilitate Defibrillation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Background: Dispatching citizen responders through a smartphone application (app) holds the potential to increase bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Objectives: This study investigated arrival at the OHCA location of app-dispatched citizen responders before the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and the association with bystander CPR and bystander defibrillation.

Methods: Suspected OHCAs with alerted citizen responders from September 1, 2017, to August 31, 2018, were included.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: 30-day survival and 1-year risk of anoxic brain damage or nursing home admission according to consciousness status at hospital arrival.

Aim: To investigate the association between consciousness status at hospital arrival and long-term outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients.

Methods: OHCAs between 18-100 years of age were identified from the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry during 2005-2014. Patients with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) or ongoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at hospital arrival were included.

Effect of remote ischaemic conditioning on clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI): a single-blind randomised controlled trial.

Background: Remote ischaemic conditioning with transient ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm has been shown to reduce myocardial infarct size in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). We investigated whether remote ischaemic conditioning could reduce the incidence of cardiac death and hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months.

Methods: We did an international investigator-initiated, prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI) at 33 centres across the UK, Denmark, Spain, and Serbia.

Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Patients With and Without Psychiatric Disorders: Differences in Use of Coronary Angiography, Coronary Revascularization, and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator and Survival.

Background Healthcare disparities for psychiatric patients are common. Whether these inequalities apply to postresuscitation management in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is unknown. We investigated differences in in-hospital cardiovascular procedures following OHCA between patients with and without psychiatric disorders.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in patients with psychiatric disorders - Characteristics and outcomes.

Aims: To investigate whether the recent improvements in pre-hospital cardiac arrest-management and survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) also apply to OHCA patients with psychiatric disorders.

Methods: We identified all adult Danish patients with OHCA of presumed cardiac cause, 2001-2015. Psychiatric disorders were defined by hospital diagnoses up to 10 years before OHCA and analyzed as one group as well as divided into five subgroups (schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, depression, substance-induced mental disorders, other psychiatric disorders).

Data concerning AED registration in the Danish AED Network, and cardiac arrest-related characteristics of OHCAs, including AED coverage and AED accessibility.

The data presented in this article is supplemental data related to the research article entitled "Automated external defibrillator accessibility is crucial for bystander defibrillation and survival: a registry-based study" (Karlsson et al., 2019). We present detailed data concerning: 1) the type of location for deployed and registered automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in the nationwide Danish AED Network; 2) the number of registered AEDs in the nationwide Danish AED Network, and changes in AED registration (according to year and type of AED location); 3) the number of AEDs being withdrawn from the AED network between the years 2007-2016.

Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of non-cardiac origin.

Background: Knowledge about the effect of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) of non-cardiac origin is lacking. We aimed to investigate the association between bystander CPR and survival in OHCA of presumed non-cardiac origin.

Methods: From the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry and through linkage with national Danish healthcare registries we identified all patients with OHCA of presumed non-cardiac origin in Denmark (2001-2014).

Automated external defibrillator accessibility is crucial for bystander defibrillation and survival: A registry-based study.

Aims: Optimization of automated external defibrillator (AED) placement and accessibility are warranted. We examined the associations between AED accessibility, at the time of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), bystander defibrillation, and 30-day survival, as well as AED coverage according to AED locations.

Methods: In this registry-based study we identified all OHCAs registered by mobile emergency care units in Copenhagen, Denmark (2008-2016).

Machine learning as a supportive tool to recognize cardiac arrest in emergency calls.

Background: Emergency medical dispatchers fail to identify approximately 25% of cases of out of hospital cardiac arrest, thus lose the opportunity to provide the caller instructions in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We examined whether a machine learning framework could recognize out-of-hospital cardiac arrest from audio files of calls to the emergency medical dispatch center.

Methods: For all incidents responded to by Emergency Medical Dispatch Center Copenhagen in 2014, the associated call was retrieved.

Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and long-term outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to location of arrest.

Aims: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has increased in several countries following nationwide initiatives to facilitate bystander resuscitative efforts in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We examined the importance of public or residential location of arrest on temporal changes in bystander CPR and outcomes.

Methods And Results: From the nationwide Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry, all OHCAs from 2001 to 2014 of presumed cardiac cause and between 18 and 100 years of age were identified.

Relation between illness representation and self-reported degree-of-worry in patients calling out-of-hours services: a mixed-methods study in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Objectives: To examine the relation between patients' illness representations, presented in telephone consultation to out-of-hours (OOH) services, and self-reported degree-of-worry (DOW), as a measure of self-evaluated urgency. If a clear relation is found, incorporating DOW during telephone triage could aid the triage process, potentially increasing patient safety.

Design: A convergent parallel mixed methods design with quantitative data; DOW and qualitative data from recorded telephone consultations.

Different defibrillation strategies in survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Background: In the last decade, there has been a rapid increase in the dissemination of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) for prehospital defibrillation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The aim of this study was to study the association between different defibrillation strategies on survival rates over time in Copenhagen, Stockholm, Western Sweden and Amsterdam, and the hypothesis was that non-EMS defibrillation increased over time and was associated with increased survival.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of four prospectively collected cohorts of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients between 2008 and 2013.

Severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and presenting rhythm in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a non-shockable rhythm as presenting rhythm in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Whether the severity of the underlying disease is related to presenting rhythm is unknown. We hypothesized that increased severity of COPD in OHCA patients is associated with an increased prevalence of non-shockable rhythm.

Self-rated worry in acute care telephone triage: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Telephone triage is used to assess acute illness or injury. Clinical decision making is often assisted by triage tools that lack callers' perspectives. This study analysed callers' perception of urgency, defined as degree of worry in acute care telephone calls.

Organ support therapy in the intensive care unit and return to work in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors-A nationwide cohort study.

Aim: With increased survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), impact of the post-resuscitation course has become important. Among 30-day OHCA survivors, we investigated associations between organ support therapy in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and return to work.

Methods: This Danish nationwide cohort-study included 30-day-OHCA-survivors who were employed prior to arrest.

Danish first aid books compliance with the new evidence-based non-resuscitative first aid guidelines.

Background: The European Resuscitation Council (ERC) released new guidelines on resuscitation in 2015. For the first time, the guidelines included a separate chapter on first aid for laypersons. We analysed the current major Danish national first aid books to identify potential inconsistencies between the current books and the new evidence-based first aid guidelines.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Probability of bystander defibrillation relative to distance to nearest automated external defibrillator.

Aims: Despite wide dissemination of automated external defibrillators (AEDs), bystander defibrillation rates remain low. We aimed to investigate how route distance to the nearest accessible AED was associated with probability of bystander defibrillation in public and residential locations.

Methods: We used data from the nationwide Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry and the Danish AED Network to identify out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and route distances to nearest accessible registered AED during 2008-2013.

Women have a worse prognosis and undergo fewer coronary angiographies after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest than men.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is more often reported in men than in women.

Objectives: We aimed to assess sex-related differences in post-resuscitation care; especially with regards to coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, mortality and functional status after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods: We included 704 consecutive adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest-patients with cardiac aetiology in the Copenhagen area from 2007-2011.

Association of bystander interventions and hospital length of stay and admission to intensive care unit in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors.

Background: The impact of bystander interventions on post-arrest hospital course is sparsely studied. We examined the association between bystander interventions and length of hospital stay and admission to intensive care unit (ICU) in one-day survivors after OHCA.

Methods: This cohort study linked data of 4641 one-day OHCA survivors from 2001 to 2014 to data on hospital length of stay and ICU admission.

Under-triage in telephone consultation is related to non-normative symptom description and interpersonal communication: a mixed methods study.

Background: Telephone consultation and triage are used to limit the workload on emergency departments. Lack of visual cues and clinical tests put telephone consultations to a disadvantage compared to face-to-face consultations increasing the risk of under-triage. Under-triage occurs in telephone triage; however why under-triage happens is not explored yet.