First-trimester 3D fetal neurosonography: five standardised views.

Background: There are several international guidelines for foetal anomalies scanning at 11-14 weeks' gestation. The aim of this study is to present our first-trimester specialist neurosonography protocol with examples of pathology in order to develop a systematic approach to evaluating the first-trimester foetal brain.

Methods: Women undergoing a first-trimester foetal medicine ultrasound scan between 2010 and 2020 for multiple indications underwent neurosonography according to a set protocol.

What brain abnormalities can magnetic resonance imaging detect in foetal and early neonatal spina bifida: a systematic review.

Purpose: Open spina bifida (OSB) encompasses a wide spectrum of intracranial abnormalities. With foetal surgery as a new treatment option, robust intracranial imaging is important for comprehensive preoperative evaluation and prognostication. We aimed to determine the incidence of infratentorial and supratentorial findings detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone and MRI compared to ultrasound.

Incidence and patterns of abnormal corpus callosum in fetuses with isolated spina bifida aperta.

Objective: To determine the incidence and characterise corpus callosum (CC) abnormalities in fetuses with spina bifida aperta (SBA) between 18 and 26 weeks of gestation.

Methods: This was a retrospective study on fetuses with isolated SBA and who were assessed for fetal surgery. Digitally stored ultrasound images of the brain were reviewed for the presence/absence of the CC, and the length and diameter of its constituent parts (rostrum, genu, body and splenium).

Fetal dural sinus thrombosis: A systematic review.

Introduction: Fetal dural sinus thrombosis (DST) is a rare condition. Although numerous case reports exist, the findings appear heterogenous and providing accurate patient counselling remains challenging.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidance.

Fetal Hemivertebra at 11 to 14 Weeks' Gestation.

Hemivertebra appears as an angulation of the spine on a coronal section. We evaluated the prevalence of chromosomal defects and outcome of fetuses with hemivertebra detected in the first trimester over a 9-year period in a single tertiary referral unit. There were 10 cases; 9 had other anomalies.

Fetal surgery for open spina bifida.

Key Content: Spina bifida is a congenital neurological condition with lifelong physical and mental effects.Open fetal repair of the spinal lesion has been shown to improve hindbrain herniation, ventriculoperitoneal shunting, independent mobility and bladder outcomes for the child and, despite an increased risk of prematurity, does not seem to increase the risk of neurodevelopmental impairment.Open fetal surgery is associated with maternal morbidity.

Ultrasound Features and Management of Body Stalk Anomaly.

Objectives: This study describes the prenatal diagnosis of body stalk anomaly (BSA) in a large series of affected pregnancies and proposes an algorithm for the differential diagnosis of abdominal wall defects in the first trimester.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of all the cases of BSA diagnosed in our tertiary unit between 2009 and 2015. In all cases, we performed a detailed ultrasound examination with particular emphasis on the appearance of the amniotic membrane and content of the amniotic sac and the coelomic cavity.

Dilated fourth ventricle in fetuses with trisomy 18, trisomy 13 and triploidy at 11-13 weeks' gestation.

Objective: To determine if in fetuses with aneuploidies the diameter of the fourth cerebral ventricle at 11-13 weeks' gestation is different from euploid fetuses.

Methods: The fourth ventricle at 11-13 weeks' gestation was assessed in 62 cases of trisomy 21, 32 of trisomy 18, 10 of trisomy 13, and 12 of triploidy and compared to 410 normal euploid fetuses. Transvaginal sonography was carried out and 3D brain volumes were acquired.

Prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery from endocervical length at 11 to 13 weeks.

Objective: To define the potential value of endocervical length at 11 to 13 weeks' gestation in the prediction of spontaneous early delivery.

Method: The lengths of the endocervix and cervico-isthmic complex were measured by transvaginal ultrasound at 11 to 13 weeks in singleton pregnancies, including 1492 that subsequently delivered after 34 weeks and 16 (1.1%) who had spontaneous delivery before 34 weeks.

Is neonatal risk from vasa previa preventable? The 20-year experience from a single medical center.

Background: Vasa previa is a rare condition associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality that may be diagnosed prenatally using transvaginal sonography. The aim of this study was to assess the prenatal detection of vasa previa and its subsequent impact on neonatal outcomes in two 10-year periods (1988-1997 versus 1998-2007).

Method: Retrospective review of all cases of vasa previa.