Dynamic material property measurements of human eyes.

As a result of trauma, approximately 30,000 people become blind in one eye every year in the United States. A common injury prediction tool used for eye injuries is computational modeling, which requires accurate material properties to produce reliable results. The purpose of this study is to determine the dynamic material properties of the human sclera.

High rate internal pressurization of the human eye to determine dynamic rupture pressure.

Over 1.9 million people suffer from eye injuries in the United States, occurring from automobile accidents, sports related impacts, and military combat. The purpose of the current study is to analyze the rupture pressure of human eyes using a high rate pressurization system.

The effect of frontal air bags on eye injury patterns in automobile crashes.

Objective: To investigate eye injuries resulting from frontal automobile crashes and to determine the effects of frontal air bags.

Methods: The National Automotive Sampling System database files from January 1, 1993, through December 31, 1999, were examined in a 3-part study that included an investigation of 22 236 individual crashes that occurred in the United States. A new 4-level eye injury severity scale that quantifies injuries based on recovery time, need for surgery, and possible loss of sight was developed.

Computer modeling of airbag-induced ocular injury in pilots wearing night vision goggles.

Background: Airbags have saved lives in automobile crashes for many years and are now planned for use in helicopters. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential for ocular injuries to helicopter pilots wearing night vision goggles when the airbag is deployed.

Methods: A nonlinear finite element model of the human eye was created.